Isotope-Based Source Apportionment of EC Aerosol Particles during Winter High-Pollution Events at the Zeppelin Observatory, Svalbard

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (19) ◽  
pp. 11959-11966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Winiger ◽  
August Andersson ◽  
Karl E. Yttri ◽  
Peter Tunved ◽  
Örjan Gustafsson
Keyword(s):  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Pollution Events

Source apportionment of aerosol particles near a steel plant by electron microscopy

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Ebert ◽  
Dörthe Müller-Ebert ◽  
Nathalie Benker ◽  
Stephan Weinbruch
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Steel Plant

scholarly journals Source Contributions to Rural Carbonaceous Winter Aerosol in North-Eastern Poland

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Kristensson ◽  
Stina Ausmeel ◽  
Julija Pauraite ◽  
Axel Eriksson ◽  
Erik Ahlberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosol ◽  
Monitoring Site ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Wood Combustion ◽  
Combustion Source ◽  
Source Contributions ◽  
North Eastern

Concentrations of aerosol particles in Poland and their sources are rarely discussed in peer-reviewed journal articles despite serious air quality issues. A source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosol particles was performed during winter at a rural background environment field site in north-eastern Poland. Data were used of light absorption at seven wavelengths and levoglucosan concentrations along existing monitoring of PM2.5, organic carbon and elemental carbon (OC/EC) at the Diabła Góra EMEP monitoring site between January 17 and March 19 during the EMEP intensive winter campaign of 2018. Average PM2.5, OC, EC, equivalent black carbon (eBC) and levoglucosan concentrations and standard deviations amounted to 18.5 ± 9.3, 4.5 ± 2.5, 0.57 ± 0.28, 1.04 ± 0.62 and 0.134 ± 0.084 µg m−3 respectively. Various tools for source apportionment were used to obtain a source contribution to carbonaceous matter (CM) with three components. The wood combustion source component contributed 1.63 µg m−3 (21%), domestic coal combustion 3.3 µg m−3 (41%) and road transport exhaust 2.9 µg m−3 (38%). Similar levels and temporal variability were found for the nearby Lithuanian site of Preila, corroborating the Polish results.

scholarly journals Aerosol optical properties and radiative forcing in the high Himalaya based on measurements at the Nepal Climate Observatory – pyramid site (5100 m a.s.l)

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 5627-5663 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marcq ◽  
P. Laj ◽  
J. C. Roger ◽  
P. Villani ◽  
K. Sellegri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Atmospheric Layer ◽  
Aerosol Optical Properties ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Regional Pollution ◽  
Pollution Events

Abstract. Intense anthropogenic emissions over the Indian sub-continent lead to the formation of layers of particulate pollution that can be transported to the high altitude regions of the Himalaya-Hindu-Kush (HKH). Aerosol particles contain a substantial fraction of strongly absorbing material, including black carbon (BC), organic compounds (OC), and dust all of which can contribute to atmospheric warming, in addition to greenhouse gases. Using a 3-year record of continuous measurements of aerosol optical properties, we present a time series of key climate relevant aerosol properties including the aerosol absorption (σap) and scattering (σsp) coefficients as well as the single-scattering albedo (w). Results of this investigation show substantial seasonal variability of these properties, with long range transport during the pre- and post-monsoon seasons and efficient precipitation scavenging of aerosol particles during the monsoon season. The monthly averaged scattering coefficients range from 0.1 Mm−1 (monsoon) to 20 Mm−1 while the average absorption coefficients range from 0.5 Mm−1 to 3.5 Mm−1. Both have their maximum values during the pre-monsoon period (April) and reach a minimum during Monsoon (July–August). This leads to w values from 0.86 (pre-monsoon) to 0.79 (monsoon) seasons. Significant diurnal variability due to valley wind circulation is also reported. Using typical air mass trajectories encountered at the station, and aerosol optical depth (aod) measurements, we calculated the resulting direct local radiative forcing due to aerosols. We found that the presence of absorbing particulate material can locally induce an additional top of the atmosphere (TOA) forcing of 10 to 20 W m−2 for the first atmospheric layer (500 m above surface). The TOA positive forcing depends on the presence of snow at the surface, and takes place preferentially during episodes of regional pollution occurring on a very regular basis in the Himalayan valleys. Warming of the first atmospheric layer is paralleled by a substantial decrease of the amount of radiation reaching the surface. The surface forcing is estimated to range from −4 to −20 W m−2 for small-scale regional pollution events and large-scale pollution events, respectively. The calculated surface forcing is also very dependent on surface albedo, with maximum values occurring over a snow-covered surface. Overall, this work presents the first estimates of aerosol direct radiative forcing over the high Himalaya based on in-situ aerosol measurements, and results suggest a TOA forcing significantly greater than the IPCC reported values for green house gases.

scholarly journals Source apportionment of the organic aerosol over the Atlantic Ocean from 53° N to 53° S: significant contributions from marine emissions and long-range transport

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 18043-18062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Huang ◽  
Zhijun Wu ◽  
Laurent Poulain ◽  
Manuela van Pinxteren ◽  
Maik Merkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Long Range Transport ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Climate Effect ◽  
Dms Oxidation ◽  
Range Transport

Abstract. Marine aerosol particles are an important part of the natural aerosol systems and might have a significant impact on the global climate and biological cycle. It is widely accepted that truly pristine marine conditions are difficult to find over the ocean. However, the influence of continental and anthropogenic emissions on the marine boundary layer (MBL) aerosol is still less understood and non-quantitative, causing uncertainties in the estimation of the climate effect of marine aerosols. This study presents a detailed chemical characterization of the MBL aerosol as well as the source apportionment of the organic aerosol (OA) composition. The data set covers the Atlantic Ocean from 53∘ N to 53∘ S, based on four open-ocean cruises in 2011 and 2012. The aerosol particle composition was measured with a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS), which indicated that sub-micrometer aerosol particles over the Atlantic Ocean are mainly composed of sulfates (50 % of the particle mass concentration), organics (21 %) and sea salt (12 %). OA has been apportioned into five factors, including three factors linked to marine sources and two with continental and/or anthropogenic origins. The marine oxygenated OA (MOOA, 16 % of the total OA mass) and marine nitrogen-containing OA (MNOA, 16 %) are identified as marine secondary products with gaseous biogenic precursors dimethyl sulfide (DMS) or amines. Marine hydrocarbon-like OA (MHOA, 19 %) was attributed to the primary emissions from the Atlantic Ocean. The factor for the anthropogenic oxygenated OA (Anth-OOA, 19 %) is related to continental long-range transport. Represented by the combustion oxygenated OA (Comb-OOA), aged combustion emissions from maritime traffic and wild fires in Africa contributed, on average, a large fraction to the total OA mass (30 %). This study provides the important finding that long-range transport was found to contribute averagely 49 % of the submicron OA mass over the Atlantic Ocean. This is almost equal to that from marine sources (51 %). Furthermore, a detailed latitudinal distribution of OA source contributions showed that DMS oxidation contributed markedly to the OA over the South Atlantic during spring, while continental-related long-range transport largely influenced the marine atmosphere near Europe and western and central Africa (15∘ N to 15∘ S). In addition, supported by a solid correlation between marine tracer methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and the DMS-oxidation OA (MOOA, R2>0.85), this study suggests that the DMS-related secondary organic aerosol (SOA) over the Atlantic Ocean could be estimated by MSA and a scaling factor of 1.79, especially in spring.

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