Dehalococcoides-Containing Enrichment Cultures Transform Two Chlorinated Organophosphate Esters

In this study, we measured the occurrence of organophosphate esters (OPEs) and phthalates in the settled dust (floor and air conditioner filter dust) and in suspended particulate matter (PM10) from different microenvironments (households (n = 20), offices (n = 10) and hotels (n = 10)) of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Bis (2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the major pollutant (contributing >85% of total chemicals burden) in all types of indoor dust with a concentration up to 3,901,500 ng g−1. While dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and DEHP together contributed >70% in PM10 (1900 ng m−3), which indicate PM10 as a significant source of exposure for DBP and DEHP in different Saudi indoor settings. Tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) was the major OPE in PM10 with a concentration of up to 185 ng m−3 and the occurrence of OPEs in indoor dust varied in studied indoor settings. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of studied chemicals via dust ingestion and inhalation of PM10 was below the reference dose (RfD) of individual chemicals. However, estimated incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) with moderate risk (1.5 × 10−5) for Saudi adults and calculated hazardous index (HI) of >1 for Saudi children from DEHP showed a cause of concern to the local public health.

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COVID-19 face masks: A new source of human and environmental exposure to organophosphate esters

Environment International ◽

10.1016/j.envint.2021.106654 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106654

Author(s):

J. Fernández-Arribas ◽

T. Moreno ◽

R. Bartroli ◽

E. Eljarrat

Keyword(s):

Environmental Exposure ◽

Organophosphate Esters

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Pregnancy exposure to organophosphate esters and the risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in the Norwegian mother, father and child cohort study

Environment International ◽

10.1016/j.envint.2021.106549 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 154 ◽

pp. 106549

Author(s):

Giehae Choi ◽

Alexander P. Keil ◽

David B. Richardson ◽

Julie L. Daniels ◽

Kate Hoffman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Organophosphate Esters ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder

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Identifying Hidden Viable Bacterial Taxa in Tropical Forest Soils Using Amplicon Sequencing of Enrichment Cultures

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10070569 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 569

Author(s):

Chakriya Sansupa ◽

Sara Fareed Mohamed Wahdan ◽

Terd Disayathanoowat ◽

Witoon Purahong

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Forest Soil ◽

Culture Media ◽

Enrichment Culture ◽

Sequence Similarity ◽

Illumina Miseq ◽

Amplicon Sequencing ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Enrichment Cultures ◽

Total Community

This study aims to estimate the proportion and diversity of soil bacteria derived from eDNA-based and culture-based methods. Specifically, we used Illumina Miseq to sequence and characterize the bacterial communities from (i) DNA extracted directly from forest soil and (ii) DNA extracted from a mixture of bacterial colonies obtained by enrichment cultures on agar plates of the same forest soil samples. The amplicon sequencing of enrichment cultures allowed us to rapidly screen a culturable community in an environmental sample. In comparison with an eDNA community (based on a 97% sequence similarity threshold), the fact that enrichment cultures could capture both rare and abundant bacterial taxa in forest soil samples was demonstrated. Enrichment culture and eDNA communities shared 2% of OTUs detected in total community, whereas 88% of enrichment cultures community (15% of total community) could not be detected by eDNA. The enrichment culture-based methods observed 17% of the bacteria in total community. FAPROTAX functional prediction showed that the rare and unique taxa, which were detected with the enrichment cultures, have potential to perform important functions in soil systems. We suggest that enrichment culture-based amplicon sequencing could be a beneficial approach to evaluate a cultured bacterial community. Combining this approach together with the eDNA method could provide more comprehensive information of a bacterial community. We expected that more unique cultured taxa could be detected if further studies used both selective and non-selective culture media to enrich bacteria at the first step.

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