Measuring Metal Uptake and Loss in Individual Organisms: A Novel Double Stable Isotope Method and its Application in Explaining Body Size Effects on Cadmium Concentration in Mussels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Lin ◽  
Xinyi Xu ◽  
Minwei Xie ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Qiao-Guo Tan
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Isotope Method

Estimating NOx removal capacity of urban trees using stable isotope method: A case study of Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 118004
Author(s):  
Cheng Gong ◽  
Chaofan Xian ◽  
Bowen Cui ◽  
Guojin He ◽  
Mingyue Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Nox Removal ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Isotope Method ◽  
Beijing China

scholarly journals Body size and stable isotope composition of zooplankton in the western tropical Atlantic

2020 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 103449
Author(s):  
Gabriela Guerra Araújo Abrantes de Figueiredo ◽  
Ralf Schwamborn ◽  
Arnaud Bertrand ◽  
Jean-Marie Munaron ◽  
François Le Loc'h
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Stable Isotope Composition

scholarly journals High-Frequency Stable-Isotope Measurements of Evapotranspiration Partitioning in a Maize Field

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3048
Author(s):  
Patrick Hogan ◽  
Juraj Parajka ◽  
Markus Oismüller ◽  
Lee Heng ◽  
Peter Strauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Sap Flow ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Precipitation Event ◽  
Sampling Device ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Maize Field ◽  
Isotope Method

Knowledge of the evaporation (E) and transpiration (T) components of evapotranspiration (ET) is important for ecohydrological modeling and agricultural productivity. The stable-isotope method offers the possibility to partition E and T due to the distinct differences in the isotopic signals of the sources. In this study, the concentration and isotopic ratios for oxygen-18 (18O) of water vapor in the ecosystem boundary layer of a growing maize field at the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory (HOAL) catchment in Austria were measured using a high-frequency field-sampling device. In conjunction with isotope samples from the soil and maize plants, these data were used to partition ET using the Keeling plot technique. Eddy covariance and sap flow measurements were used to provide a comparison to test the stable-isotope method. The fraction of transpiration (Ft) calculated with the stable-isotope method showed good agreement with the sap flow method. Overall daily average values of Ft were in a range from 43.0 to 88.5% with T accounting for an average value of 67.5% of the evapotranspiration over the nine days of the experimental period. Following a precipitation event of 9.7 mm, Ft increased from 63.4 to 88.5% over the next four days as the upper layer of the soil dried out while the plants accessed deeper soil water.

13C Discrimination: A Stable Isotope Method to Quantify Root Interactions between C3 Rice (Oryza sativa) and C4 Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in Flooded Fields

Weed Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Gealy ◽  
Albert J. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Root Interactions ◽  
Isotope Method ◽  
Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Concentration Curves

Assessing belowground plant competition is complex because it is very difficult to separate weed and crop roots from each other by physical methods. Alternative techniques for separating crop and weed roots from each other are needed. This article introduces a stable isotope method that can quantify the amounts of roots of rice and barnyardgrass intermixed in flooded field soils. It relies on the biological principle that rice, a C3 (photosynthetic pathway) species, discriminates more effectively than barnyardgrass, a C4 species, against a relatively rare isotopic form (13C) of CO2. This results in different 13C: 12C isotope ratios (expressed as δ13C) in root tissues of the two species. δ13C values for monoculture barnyardgrass and rice grown in a standard flood-irrigated system were highly stable over 4 crop-years, averaging −13.12 ± 0.80 (SD) and −28.5 ± 0.11 (SD)‰, respectively, based on analysis by an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Standard concentration curves relating measured δ13C values to set proportions of rice:barnyardgrass root biomass were described by linear regressions, typically with r2 values of 0.96 or greater. Quantities of intermixed rice and barnyardgrass roots sampled 0 to 5 cm deep from soil between rice rows were estimated by extrapolation from standard curves based on δ13C values. About 50% more barnyardgrass root tissue was detected in plots of Lemont long-grain rice than in weed-suppressive PI 312777 indica rice, demonstrating the feasibility of using this stable carbon isotope method in flooded rice systems.

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