scholarly journals Chemical Investigation of Household Solid Fuel Use and Outdoor Air Pollution Contributions to Personal PM2.5 Exposures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Lai ◽  
Martha Lee ◽  
Ellison Carter ◽  
Queenie Chan ◽  
Paul Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Chemical Investigation ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Fuel Use ◽  
Outdoor Air Pollution

scholarly journals Characterization of outdoor air pollution from solid fuel combustion in Xuanwei and Fuyuan, a rural region of China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Hu ◽  
George Downward ◽  
Jason Y.Y Wong ◽  
Boris Reiss ◽  
Nathaniel Rothman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
Outdoor Air Pollution ◽  
Smoky Coal

Abstract Background: Outdoor air pollution is a growing public health concern, particularly in urban settings. However, there are limited epidemiological data on outdoor air pollution in rural areas with substantial levels of air pollution attributed to solid fuel burning for household cooking and heating. Xuanwei and Fuyuan are rural counties in China where the domestic combustion of locally sourced bituminous (“smoky”) coal has been associated with the highest lung cancer rates in China. We previously assessed indoor and personal air pollution exposures in this area; however, the influence of indoor coal combustion and household ventilation on outdoor air pollution has not been assessed. Methods: We measured outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5), species of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) including naphthalene (NAP) and the known carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over two consecutive 24-hour sampling periods in 29 villages. Half of the villages were revisited two to nine months after the initial sampling period to repeat all measurements. Results and Conclusion: The overall geometric mean (GM) of outdoor PM2.5, BaP, NAP, and NO2 were 45.3 µg/m3, 9.7 ng/m3, 707.7 ng/m3, and 91.5 µg/m3, respectively. Using linear mixed effects models, we found that burning smoky coal was associated with higher outdoor BaP concentrations (GM ratio (GMR)=2.79) and lower outdoor SO2 detection rates (GMR=0.43), compared to areas burning smokeless coal. Areas with predominantly ventilated stoves (>50% of stoves) had higher outdoor BaP (GMR=1.49) compared to areas with fewer ventilated stoves. These results show that outdoor air pollution in a rural region of China was associated with the type of coal used for cooking and heating indoors and the presence of stove ventilation. Our findings suggest that efforts to reduce indoor air pollution have resulted in higher outdoor air pollution levels. Further reducing adverse health effects in rural villages from household coal combustion will require the use of cleaner fuel types.

Impacts of stove/fuel use and outdoor air pollution on chemical composition of household particulate matter

Indoor Air ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-305
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Lai ◽  
Sierra Clark ◽  
Ellison Carter ◽  
Ming Shan ◽  
Kun Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Fuel Use ◽  
Outdoor Air Pollution

scholarly journals Characterization of outdoor air pollution from solid fuel combustion in Xuanwei and Fuyuan, a rural region of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Hu ◽  
George Downward ◽  
Jason Y. Y. Wong ◽  
Boris Reiss ◽  
Nathaniel Rothman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
Outdoor Air Pollution ◽  
Solid Fuel Combustion

scholarly journals Outdoor Air Pollution and Depression in Canada: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study from 2011 to 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2450
Author(s):  
Ashley K. Dores ◽  
Gordon H. Fick ◽  
Frank P. MacMaster ◽  
Jeanne V. A. Williams ◽  
Andrew G. M. Bulloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outdoor Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Health Research

To assess whether exposure to increased levels of outdoor air pollution is associated with psychological depression, six annual iterations of the Canadian Community Health Survey (n ≈ 127,050) were used to estimate the prevalence of a major depressive episode (2011–2014) or severity of depressive symptoms (2015–2016). Survey data were linked with outdoor air pollution data obtained from the Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium, with outdoor air pollution represented by fine particulate matter ≤2.5 micrometers (μm) in diameter (PM2.5), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Log-binomial models were used to estimate the association between outdoor air pollution and depression, and included adjustment for age, sex, marital status, income, education, employment status, urban versus rural households, cigarette smoking, and chronic illness. No evidence of associations for either depression outcomes were found. Given the generally low levels of outdoor air pollution in Canada, these findings should be generalized with caution. It is possible that a meaningful association with major depression may be observed in regions of the world where the levels of outdoor air pollution are greater, or during high pollution events over brief time intervals. Future research is needed to replicate these findings and to further investigate these associations in other regions and populations.

scholarly journals Outdoor air pollution, green space, and cancer incidence in Saxony: a semi-individual cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Datzmann ◽  
Iana Markevych ◽  
Freya Trautmann ◽  
Joachim Heinrich ◽  
Jochen Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Outdoor Air Pollution

Mortality and morbidity due to exposure to outdoor air pollution in Mashhad metropolis, Iran. The AirQ model approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Miri ◽  
Zahra Derakhshan ◽  
Ahmad Allahabadi ◽  
Ehsan Ahmadi ◽  
Gea Oliveri Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Outdoor Air Pollution ◽  
Model Approach
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