Reactions of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls with Free Chlorine, Free Bromine, and Combined Chlorine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily L. Marron ◽  
Jean Van Buren ◽  
Amy A. Cuthbertson ◽  
Emily Darby ◽  
Urs von Gunten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Unsaturated Carbonyls ◽  
Free Bromine

Effective henry's law constants for free chlorine and free bromine

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest R. Blatchley ◽  
Richard W. Johnson ◽  
James E. Alleman ◽  
William F. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Henry's Law ◽  
Henry’S Law ◽  
Henry’S Law Constants ◽  
Free Bromine ◽  
Henry's Law Constants

scholarly journals Effects of residual disinfectants on the redox speciation of lead(ii)/(iv) minerals in drinking water distribution systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumant Avasarala ◽  
John Orta ◽  
Michael Schaefer ◽  
Macon Abernathy ◽  
Samantha Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Oxidative Transformation ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Free Bromine

This study investigated the reaction kinetics on the oxidative transformation of lead(ii) minerals by free chlorine (HOCl) and free bromine (HOBr) in drinking water distribution systems.

scholarly journals Monitoring free chlorine and free bromine in aquarium seawater treated by ozone

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 3646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimin Qiang ◽  
Yanjun Jiang ◽  
Weiwei Ben ◽  
Craig Adams ◽  
Huiyu Dong
Keyword(s):  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Free Bromine

1,3,5-Trimethoxybenzene (TMB) as a new quencher for preserving redox-labile disinfection byproducts and for quantifying free chlorine and free bromine

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 926-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie S. Lau ◽  
Ryan P. Dias ◽  
Kayla R. Martin-Culet ◽  
Nicholas A. Race ◽  
Marella H. Schammel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Free Bromine

1,3,5-Trimethoxybenzene can be used to quench residual chlorine and bromine without altering disinfection byproducts that are reactive toward traditional quenchers.

Applications of 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene as a derivatizing agent for quantifying free chlorine, free bromine, bromamines, and bromide in aqueous systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (43) ◽  
pp. 5521-5532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan P. Dias ◽  
Marella H. Schammel ◽  
Keith P. Reber ◽  
John D. Sivey
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Aqueous Systems ◽  
Recreational Waters ◽  
Cleaning Products ◽  
Derivatizing Agent ◽  
Free Bromine

Free chlorine and free bromine (e.g., HOCl and HOBr) are employed as disinfectants in a variety of aqueous systems, including drinking water, wastewater, ballast water, recreational waters, and cleaning products.

Efficacy of a combined system of copper and silver and free chlorine for inactivation of Naegleria fowleri amoebas in water

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Cassells ◽  
M. T. Yahya ◽  
C. P. Gerba ◽  
J. B. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Log10 Reduction ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri ◽  
Time Required

Electrolytically generated copper and silver ions (400:40 and 800:80 μg/l) were evaluated, separately and combined with 1.0 mg/l free chlorine, for their efficacy in reducing the viable numbers of Naegleria fowleri amoebas in water (pH 7.3 and 23-25°C). Inactivation rates (k = log10 reduction/min) and T99 values (exposure time required to achieve a 99% or a 2 log10 reduction) of the disinfectants were determined. Copper and silver alone, at ratio of 400:40 to 800:80 μg/l caused no significant inactivation of N. fowleri even after 72 hours of exposure (k = 0.00017 and 0.00013, respectively). Addition of 1.0 mg/l free chlorine to water which contained 400:40 or 800:80 μg/l copper and silver resulted in enhanced inactivation rates (k = 0.458 and 0.515, respectively) compared to either chlorine alone (k = 0.33) or the metals alone. Water containing 800:80 μg/l copper and silver with 1.0 mg/l chlorine showed a T99 value of 3.9 minutes, while chlorine alone showed a T99 of 6.1 minutes. Enhanced inactivation of N. fowleri by a combined system of free chlorine and copper and silver may be attributed to the different mechanism that each disinfectant utilizes in inactivating the amoebas, and may suggest a synergistic effect.

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