Biodegradation of Lindane (γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane) To Nontoxic End Products by Sequential Treatment with Three Mixed Anaerobic Microbial Cultures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz A. Puentes Jácome ◽  
Line Lomheim ◽  
Sarra Gaspard ◽  
Elizabeth A. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Microbial Cultures ◽  
End Products

scholarly journals Biotransformation of lindane (γ-hexachlorocyclohexane) to non-toxic end products by sequential treatment with three mixed anaerobic microbial cultures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz A. Puentes Jácome ◽  
Line Lomheim ◽  
Sarra Gaspard ◽  
Elizabeth A. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Reductive Dechlorination ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Benzene Degradation ◽  
Hch Isomers ◽  
Microbial Cultures ◽  
End Products ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe γ isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), also known as lindane, is a carcinogenic persistent organic pollutant. Lindane was used worldwide as an agricultural insecticide. Legacy soil and groundwater contamination with lindane and other HCH isomers is still a big concern. The biotic reductive dechlorination of HCH to non-desirable and toxic lower chlorinated compounds such as monochlorobenzene (MCB) and benzene, among others, has been broadly documented. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that complete biotransformation of lindane to non-toxic end products is attainable using a sequential treatment approach with three mixed anaerobic microbial cultures referred to as culture I, II, and III. Biaugmentation with culture I achieved dechlorination of lindane to MCB and benzene. Culture II was able to dechlorinate MCB to benzene, and finally, culture III carried out methanogenic benzene degradation. Distinct Dehalobacter populations, corresponding to different 16S rRNA amplicon sequence variants in culture I and culture II, were responsible for lindane and MCB dechlorination, respectively. This study continues to highlight key roles of Dehalobacter spp. as chlorobenzene- and HCH-organohalide-respiring bacteria and demonstrates that sequential treatment with specialized anaerobic cultures may be explored at field sites in order to address legacy soil and groundwater contamination with HCH.

Role of Microbial Cultures and Enzymes During Cheese Production and Ripening

2018 ◽  
pp. 182-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şebnem Öztürkoğlu Budak ◽  
Celalettin Koçak ◽  
Peter A. Bron ◽  
Ronald P. de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Cheese Ripening ◽  
Microbial Cultures ◽  
Milk Fermentation ◽  
End Products ◽  
Enzymatic Systems ◽  
Cheese Production

Many different kinds of cultures, enzymes, and methods are used during the production and ripening of a variety of cheese types. In this chapter, the importance, types, and applications of microbial cultures during cheese production are discussed. Moreover, an overview of the important role of enzymatic systems, either derived from these cultures or directly added to the milk fermentation, is presented. The main biochemical events including glycolysis, lipolysis, and proteolysis during cheese ripening are explained, focusing on their end products, which contribute to the development of the overall aroma of cheese.

Sequential Treatment of Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis with Porcine Plasmin and Low Dose Streptokinase

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (02) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Marbet ◽  
R Eichlisberger ◽  
F Duckert ◽  
M A de Silva ◽  
L Biland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Complete Dissolution ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
Thrombolytic Effect

SummarySequential treatment of deep leg vein thrombosis with porcine plasmin and low dose streptokinase (10,000-20,000 U/h) produces strong systemic fibrinolysis as demonstrated by the sustained decrease of euglobulin lysis time, of thromboplastin time values in percent, fibrinogen and factor V levels. There is a statistically significant negative correlation between thrombolytic results and euglobulin lysis time. Treatment periods below 3 days are unlikely to give satisfactory results. Occluded vein segments with an apparent median age of 4 days including thrombi older than 10 days (20% of cases) are cleared with an average chance of 50%. Complete dissolution of all thrombi proximal to the crural veins has been demonstrated in 47/114 = 41.2%, some thrombolytic effect in 31/114 = 27.2% and treatment failure in 36/114 = 31.6%. The data favour laboratory monitoring of thrombolytic therapy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document