scholarly journals Matting Calcium Crystals by Melamine Improves Stabilization and Prevents Dissolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 6636-6648
Author(s):  
Eugenia Awuah Boadi ◽  
Nikolaus J. Deems ◽  
Christopher B. Raub ◽  
Bidhan C. Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Crystals

Characterizations of urinary sediments precipitated after freezing and their effects on urinary protein and chemical analyses

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (6) ◽  
pp. F1346-F1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Putita Saetun ◽  
Tistaya Semangoen ◽  
Visith Thongboonkerd
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Sodium Oxalate ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Calcium Crystals

One of the obstacles in analyzing frozen urine samples is the formation of uncharacterized precipitates. Frequently, these precipitates are discarded before analysis. Some laboratory data may be erroneous if these precipitates contain important compounds. In the present study, we examined urinary sediments precipitated after overnight storage at −20°C. Although cells and debris were removed before freezing, the precipitates remained, whereas storing the centrifuged urine overnight at 4°C did not result in precipitate formation. There were no significant differences observed among 10 healthy individuals (5 men and 5 women). EDTA (5 mM) could efficiently reduce the amount of precipitates to ∼25% of the initial amount. The addition of exogenous CaCl2, but not sodium oxalate and NaCl, significantly increased the amount of precipitates in a dose-dependent manner. Linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between endogenous urinary calcium level and the amount of precipitates ( r = 0.894; P < 0.001). Urine pH also had some effects on the type and amount of precipitates. These precipitates were composed mainly of calcium oxalate dihydrate and amorphous calcium crystals. The results also showed that these precipitates could deplete urinary proteins and calcium ions (23.6 ± 1.1% decrease). Therefore, these freezer-induced urinary sediments significantly affect protein analysis and measurement of calcium levels in the urine. However, vigorous shaking of the sample at room temperature could redissolve these precipitates. Our data strongly indicate that these freezer-induced precipitates must be taken into account when the frozen urine samples are analyzed.

Biochemical and Clinical Effects of Ethane-1-Hydroxy-1,1-Diphosphonate in Calcium Nephrolithiasis

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Baumann ◽  
S. Bisza ◽  
H. Fleisch ◽  
M. Wacker
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Placebo Treatment ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Urinary Concentration ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Inorganic Pyrophosphate ◽  
Urinary Tract Stones ◽  
Calcium Crystals

1. The short- and longer-term effects of ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP), an inhibitor of crystal growth and potential preventive agent against urinary tract stones in man, have been studied. 2. Measurement of urinary excretion of EHDP was used to define the best dosage regimen. When 4·4 mmol of EHDP was given daily in four divided doses the urinary concentration of EHDP achieved was high enough (10−5 mol/l) to inhibit the crystallization of calcium crystals throughout the day. 3. Nine patients with recurrent calcium stones were given this dose of EHDP daily for 12 months and seven were then studied for a further 12 months under placebo. During treatment with EHDP, inhibitory activity in urine towards precipitation of calcium phosphate was restored from low values to greatly above normal. This could be accounted for by the inhibitory effect of EHDP itself, coupled with an increase in urinary inorganic pyrophosphate. After stopping EHDP the excretion of EHDP rapidly fell to undetectable levels but the excretion of pyrophosphate remained elevated throughout the 12 months of placebo treatment. EHDP also induced a rise in plasma phosphate and an increase in the urinary excretion of oxalic acid and uric acid, but these changes were all fully reversible when EHDP was stopped. 4. The average rate of stone formation per patient per year decreased from 2·4 to 0·2 during treatment with EHDP and remained low during the following 24 months. However, the dose needed for this effect is known to affect bone turnover and mineralization.

scholarly journals Prevalensi Kristal Urat dalam Urin pada Subjek Dewasa Muda Berat Badan Lebih dan Obes

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tierza C. H. Tedjo ◽  
Glady I. Rambert ◽  
Arthur E. Monga
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
The Body ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Urine Oxalate ◽  
Urate Crystal ◽  
Calcium Crystals ◽  
Overweight Subjects ◽  
Urate Crystals

Abstract: Overweight and obese are conditions in which abnormal fat is accumulated in the body that may cause health problems. According to WHO, especially in the Asia-Pacific region, the BMI ≥23kg/m is considered overweight and ≥25kg/m is considered obese. This study was aimed to evaluate whether urate crystals were found in the urine of young adults with overweight and obese. This was an observational and descriptive study. Samples were chosen by using non-probability sampling with consecutive sampling type. The results showed that there were 60 young adults as subjects, consisting of 24 males (40%) dan 36 females (60%). There were 22 overweight subjects (36.7%), 24 obese-1 subjects (40%), and 14 obese-2 subjects (23.3%). Of 60 subjects, urine amorph crystals were found in 32 subjects (58.3%) meanwhile oxalate calcium crystals were found in 12 subjects (20%). In conclusion, among young adults with overweight and obese, the prevalence of urine amorph urate crystal was 58.3% and of urine oxalate calcium crystal was 20%.Keywords: overweight, obese, urine crystal, amorphous urate crystal, calcium oxalate crystal Abstrak: Berat badan lebih dan obes adalah keadaan akumulasi lemak abnormal atau berlebih yang dapat mengganggu kesehatan. Menurut WHO, khususnya untuk area Asia-Pasifik, seseorang dikatakan tergolong berat badan lebih jika IMT-nya ≥23kg/m2 dan obes jika ≥25kg/m. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi adanya kristal urat dalam urin dewasa muda dengan berat badan lebih dan obes. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional. Sampel diperoleh dengan menggunakan non-probability sampling jenis consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian menda-patkan sebanyak 60 dewasa muda yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi penelitian, terdiri dari 24 orang laki-laki (40%) dan 36 orang perempuan (60%). Di antaranya terdapat 22 orang (36,7%) berat badan lebih, 24 orang (40%) obes 1, dan 14 orang (23,3%) obes 2. Dari 60 subyek, ditemukan kristal urat amorf pada 32 orang (58,3%) dan kalsium oksalat pada 12 orang (20%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pada dewasa muda dengan berat badan lebih dan obes, prevalensi kristal urat amorf urin sebesar 58,3% dan kristal kalsium oksalat urin sebesar 20%.Kata kunci: berat badan lebih, obes, kristal urin

Developmentally regulated antigen associated with calcium crystals in tobacco anthers

Planta ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MelanieC. Trull ◽  
BrianL. Holaway ◽  
WilliamE. Friedman ◽  
RussellL. Malmberg
Keyword(s):  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Calcium Crystals

Imaging for detection of vascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Raggi ◽  
Luis D’Marco
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Arterial Circulation ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk Factors ◽  
Calcium Crystals

The well-known severity of cardiovascular disease in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires an accurate risk stratification of these patients in several clinical situations. Imaging has been used successfully for such purpose in the general population and it has demonstrated excellent potential among CKD patients as well. Two main forms of arterial pathology develop in patients with CKD: atherosclerosis, with accumulation of inflammatory cells, lipids, fibrous tissue and calcium in the subintimal space, and arteriosclerosis. The latter is characterized by accumulation of deposits of hydroxyapatite and amorphous calcium crystals in the muscular media of the vessel wall, and is believed to be more closely associated with alterations of mineral metabolism than with traditional atherosclerosis risk factors. The result is the development of what appears to be premature arterial ageing, with loss of elastic properties, increased stiffness, and increased overall fragility of the arterial system. Despite intensifying research and increasing awareness of these issues, the underlying pathophysiology of the aggressive vasculopathy of CKD remains largely unknown. As a consequence, there are currently very limited pathways to prevent progression of vascular damage in CKD. The indications, strengths and weaknesses of several imaging modalities employed to evaluate vascular disease in CKD are described, focusing on coronary arterial circulation and the peripheral arteries, with the exclusion of the intracranial arteries.

scholarly journals Comparative characterization study of plant based calcium vs synthetic calcium

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Supriya H Raut ◽  
Mihir C Gadani
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Boron Content ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Characterization Study ◽  
Calcium Sources ◽  
Xrd Techniques ◽  
Calcium Crystals

Calcium is an essential mineral which supports bone health as well as serves as a major therapeutic intervention that can prevent and delay the incidence of osteoporosis.Multicellular aquatic plants like are a rich source of plant based calcium. The Characterization of Plant based calcium and Synthetic calcium sources using sophisticated analytical techniques. Plant based Calcium and Synthetic Calcium sources were subjected to instrumental analysis such as SEM, ICP-OES and XRD, and comparisons were done followed by interpretation.In this study, three different instrument techniques like SEM, ICP-OES and XRD were used for the characterization of plant based calcium and synthetic calcium. The results showed that plant based calcium were smaller crystals as compared to synthetic calcium crystals. Further, in case of XRD results, plant based calcium is shown to possess two 2θ values, whereas in case of synthetic calcium, it showed a single 2θ value. Further, Magnesium and Boron content were higher in case of plant based calcium as compared to synthetic calcium. Both Plant based and Synthetic Calcium can be distinguished using SEM, ICP-OES and XRD techniques. Outcomes of this study enlightens the probable reasons for enhanced bioavailability in case of plant based calcium sources as compared to synthetic sources.

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