The Triclinic Polymorphism of Cocoa Butter Is Dictated by Its Major Molecular Species, 1-Palmitoyl, 2-Oleoyl, 3-Stearoyl Glycerol (POS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed M. Ghazani ◽  
Alejandro G. Marangoni
Keyword(s):  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Major Molecular Species

scholarly journals Lipid Isolation Process and Study on Some Molecular Species of Polar Lipid Isolated from Seed of Madhuca ellitica

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doan Lan Phuong ◽  
Tran Quoc Toan ◽  
Ly P. T. Dang ◽  
Andrey B. Imbs ◽  
Pham Quoc Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Species ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Individual Molecular Species ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Major Molecular Species

This study attempted the lipid extraction process from the seeds of Madhuca ellitica, a lipid-rich plant, and conducted a lipidomic analysis on molecular species of the obtained product. Total lipids of the crude seeds were found to contain 11.2% of polar lipids. The major fatty acids (FAs) of the polar lipids were palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0), oleic (18:1n-9), and linoleic (18:2n-6) acids, which amounted to 28.5, 12.5, 44.8, and 13.2% of total FAs, respectively. The content and chemical structures of individual molecular species of phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidic acid (PA), and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) were determined by HPLC with a tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The major molecular species were 18:1/18:2 PE, 16:0/18:1 PC, 18:1/18:2 PC, 16:0/18:2 PG, 16:0/18:1 PG, 16:1/18:1 PI, 16:0/18:1 PI, 18:0/18:2 PI, 16:0/18:1 PA, 18:1/18:2 PA, 16:0/18:1 SQDG, and 18:0/18:1 SQDG. The application of a tandem HRMS allows us to determine the content of each isomer in pairs of the monoisotopic molecular species, for example, 18:0/18:2 and 18:1/18:1. The evaluation of the seed polar lipid profile will be helpful for developing the potential of this tree for nutritive and industrial uses.

scholarly journals Galactomannoproteins of Aspergillus fumigatus

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 1308-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Morelle ◽  
M. Bernard ◽  
J.-P. Debeaupuis ◽  
M. Buitrago ◽  
M. Tabouret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Phospholipase C ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Infected Patient ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Major Molecular Species

ABSTRACT Galactofuranose-containing molecules have been repeatedly shown to be important antigens among human fungal pathogens, including Aspergillus fumigatus. Immunogenic galactofuran determinants have been poorly characterized chemically, however. We reported here the characterization of two glycoproteins of A. fumigatus with an N-glycan containing galactofuranose. These proteins are a phospholipase C and a phytase. Chemical characterization of the N-glycan indicates that it is a mixture of Hex5-13HexNAc2 oligosaccharides, the major molecular species corresponding to Hex6-8HexNAc2. The N-glycan contained one galactofuranose unit that was in a terminal nonreducing position attached to the 2 position of Man. This single terminal nonreducing galactofuranose is essential for the immunoreactivity of the N-glycans assessed either with a monoclonal antibody that recognizes a tetra-β-1,5-galactofuran chain of galactomannan or with Aspergillus-infected patient sera.

ANP(5–28) is the major molecular species in hypophysial portal blood of the rat

Peptides ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1557-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan T. Lim ◽  
Ronnie C. Dow ◽  
Zhiyu Yang ◽  
George Fink
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Species ◽  
Portal Blood ◽  
Major Molecular Species ◽  
Hypophysial Portal

scholarly journals Fatty Acid, Lipid Classes and Phospholipid Molecular Species Composition of the Marine Clam Meretrix lyrata (Sowerby 1851) from Cua Lo Beach, Nghe An Province, Vietnam

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quoc Tran ◽  
Thi Le ◽  
Minh Pham ◽  
Tien Do ◽  
Manh Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Molecular Species Composition ◽  
Phospholipid Molecular Species ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Major Molecular Species ◽  
Hard Clams ◽  
First Time

This study aims to analyze compositions of fatty acids and phospholipid molecular species in the hard clams Meretrix lyrata (Sowerby, 1851) harvested from Cua Lo beach, Nghe An province, Viet Nam. Total lipid of hard clams Meretrix lyrata occupied 1.7 ± 0.2% of wet weight and contained six classes: hydrocarbon and wax (HW), triacylglycerol (TAG), free fatty acids (FFA), sterol (ST), polar lipid (PoL), and monoalkyl diacylglycerol (MADAG). Among the constituents, the proportion of PoL accounted was highest, at 45.7%. In contrast, the figures for MADAG were lowest, at 1.3%. Twenty-six fatty acids were identified with the ratios of USAFA/SAFA was 2. The percentage of n-3 PUFA (ω-3) and n-6 PUFA (ω-6) was high, occupying 38.4% of total FA. Among PUFAs, arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5n-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) accounted for 3.8%, 7.8%, 2.2% and 12.0% of total lipid of the clam respectively. Phospholipid molecular species were identified in polar lipids of the clams consisting six types: phosphatidylethalnolamine (PE, with 28 molecular species), phosphatidylcholine (PC, with 26 molecular species), phosphatidylserine (PS, with 18 molecular species), phosphatidylinositol (PI, with 10 molecular species), phosphatidylglycerol (PG, with only one molecular species), and ceramide aminoethylphosphonate (CAEP, with 15 molecular species). This is the first time that the molecular species of sphingophospholipid were determined, in Meretrix lyrata in particular, and for clams in general. Phospholipid formula species of PE and PS were revealed to comprise two kinds: Alkenyl acyl glycerophosphoethanolamine and Alkenyl acyl glycerophosphoserine occupy 80.3% and 81.0% of total PE and PS species, respectively. In contrast, the percentage of diacyl glycero phosphatidylcholine was twice as high as that of PakCho in total PC, at 69.3, in comparison with 30.7%. In addition, phospholipid formula species of PI and PG comprised only diacyl glycoro phospholipids. PE 36:1 (p18:0/18:1), PC 38:6 (16:0/22:6), PS 38:1 (p18:0/20:1), PI 40:5 (20:1/20:4), PG 32:0 (16:0/16:0) and CAEP 34:2 (16:2/d18:0) were the major molecular species.

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