Tailoring the Shape, Size, Crystal Structure, and Preferential Growth Orientation of BaTiO3Plates Synthesized through a Topochemical Conversion Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 3210-3220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjeta Maček Kržmanc ◽  
Boštjan Jančar ◽  
Hana Uršič ◽  
Melita Tramšek ◽  
Danilo Suvorov
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Conversion Process ◽  
Preferential Growth ◽  
Growth Orientation ◽  
Preferential Growth Orientation

The Microstructures of the Biomineralized Bivalvia Shells

1989 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.J. Huang ◽  
H.D. Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Vibrational States ◽  
Prismatic Layer ◽  
Preferential Growth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Growth Orientation ◽  
Laser Raman ◽  
Preferential Growth Orientation

AbstractThe paper presents the detailed study of the structural features of the biomineralized bivalvia shells. The Cristaria plicata(Leach), Anodonta woodianal(Lea) and Lamprotula Leai(Gray) are selected as the prototype in the present study. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction, laser Raman spectroscope and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) are employed to study the structures of the shells. It is found that three different layers of the shells possess distinct morphologies and structures with a clear boundary between every two layers. The prismatic layer can be further divided into two sub–layers. The preferential growth orientation of the biominerahzed phases were different from the natural ones. The Raman spectra present the detailed vibrational states of these biomineralized phases, while ESCA reveals that the chemical environments of the atoms in pearl layer are less varied than those in the other two layers.

Anisotropy Affecting Dendrite Growth of Fe-C Alloy in a Forced Flow

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 352-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Feng Yuan ◽  
Bao Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Field ◽  
Phase Field Model ◽  
Isothermal Solidification ◽  
Dendrite Growth ◽  
Primary Branch ◽  
Forced Flow ◽  
Preferential Growth ◽  
Growth Orientation ◽  
Anisotropy Strength ◽  
Preferential Growth Orientation

The phase-field model coupling with the concentration field and flow field was used to simulate the dendrite growth during isothermal solidification of Fe-C alloy in a forced flow. The effects of anisotropy modulus and anisotropy strength on the dendrite growth are studied. The results indicate that the dendrites have four preferential growth orientation and the side-branches growth is not perpendicular to the primary branch while the dendrite along with crystallographic directions. When the dendrite along with crystallographic directions, the dendrites have six preferential growth orientation and the side-branches are parallel to the neighborly primary branch. At a anisotropy strength of 0.01, the crystal have no apparent principal branch and grows into coral shapes.With an increase in anisotropy strength, the tip solute concentration decreases, makes the dendrite growth become fast, the tip velocity increased continuously.

Compositional, Structural and Mechanical Properties of (Ti,Cr,Al)N Coatings Deposited on the Surface of Piston Rings

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 1495-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Hai Cai ◽  
Hang Qin ◽  
Xiao Kun Du ◽  
Zhen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Deposition Velocity ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Preferential Growth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ion Plating ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Arc Current ◽  
Crn Coatings ◽  
Preferential Growth Orientation

A novel super hard coating system of (Ti,Cr,Al)N was synthesized by multi arc ion plating technology. The Metallic ratio of Cr, Ti, and Al was varied by adjusting the currents of different TiAl target. The CrTiAlN composite coatings with different chemical composition were deposited on the surface of 65Mn steels by multi-ion plating technology in a gas mixture of Ar+N2. The coatings were characterized by means of energy dispersive X-ray(EDX) analysis, X-ray diffractmetry(XRD), scanning electronic microscopy(SEM), microhardness tester respectively. The experimental results show that the deposition velocity of CrTiAlN coatings reached maximum value, about 72nm/min. And the surface morphology of CrAlTiN films are compact and dense. The main composition of CrTiAlN composite films is Cr、Ti、Al、N, with the mass percent of Cr 29.61%,Ti 21.42%,Al 14.88%,N 34.10%. And the cross-section morphology appears as fibrous columnar crystals structure. Compared with CrN coatings, the preferential growth orientation of CrAlTiN films was changed from CrN (111) to CrN (200) after the addition of Ti, Al element. When the TiAl target arc current was 50A, the hardness reached the maximum value, 35GPa.

Kinetics of Explosive Crystallization Phenomena in Amorphous Silicon and Crystal Structure of the Layers Formed

1991 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Glaser ◽  
H. Bartsch ◽  
G. Andrä
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Preferential Growth ◽  
Crystalline Layer ◽  
Liquid Zone ◽  
Random Nucleation ◽  
Explosive Crystallization ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Curved Interface

ABSTRACTSystematic relations are shown between the parameters controlling explosive crystallization in silicon (temperature, width of a liquid zone, and gradient of melt undercooling), the kinetics of the crystallization process, the predominance of preferential growth directions, and the crystal structure observed. Three typical regions of crystallization are found: (a) cellular growth of a laminated crystalline layer controlled by the formation of high densities of twins at a nearly plane liquid/solid interface, (b) cellular-dendritic growth of crystal lamellae characterized by branching of a curved interface, and (c) formation of a diffuse “slush zone” due to random nucleation in a-Si and grain growth in the liquid zone.

Study on Cubic GaN Growth on (001) Rutile TiO2 Substrates by ECR-MBE

2002 ◽  
Vol 743 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Araki ◽  
H. Mamiya ◽  
K. Kitamura ◽  
Y. Nanishi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Preferential Growth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Luminescence Peak ◽  
Cubic Gan ◽  
First Time ◽  
Preferential Growth Orientation ◽  
Resonance Plasma

ABSTRACTGaN layers were grown on a (001) rutile TiO2 substrate by electron cyclotron resonance plasma-excited molecular beam epitaxy. For the first time, c-GaN with a preferential growth orientation was obtained. Based on the results from electron diffraction and X-ray diffraction analysis, we found that c-GaN with the growth direction of [110] was grown on the TiO2 substrate. The formation of c-GaN was also confirmed by cathodoluminescence, in which a luminescence peak was observed at 3.24eV.

Investigation on the Properties of Sb-Doped CdTe Thin Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 2018-2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Feng ◽  
Rong Ping Li ◽  
Lei Tian ◽  
Kai Zou ◽  
Yong Sheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Preferential Growth ◽  
Cubic Crystal ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Cdte Thin Films ◽  
Preferential Growth Orientation

Pure CdTe thin films and metal Sb-doped CdTe thin films are prepared on soda lime glass substrates by vacuum evaporation method. The prepared films have a cubic crystal structure with a preferential growth orientation along CdTe (111) crystal orientation. The experimental results show that the film surface doped Sb is more compact and uniform. And doping Sb in pure CdTe thin films significantly enhance the optical absorption and reduce the width of the band gap, which means that the optical absorption range of CdTe thin films can be widened. Finally, on the aspect of electrical properties, the resistivity of the thin films has significantly been lower.

Microstructure of CrN-Based Nano Composite Solid Lubrication Films

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 2007-2010
Author(s):  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Yue Lan Di ◽  
Zhi Hai Cai ◽  
Yang Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Solid Lubrication ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Preferential Growth ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Valence States ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Mo Content ◽  
Composite Solid ◽  
Preferential Growth Orientation

The complex plating-sulfurizing process which fitted magnetron sputtering together with low temperature ion sulfurizing, was utilized to prepare a new CrN-based nano composite solid lubrication films with different Mo content. The structure, surface morphology, composition, and valence states of CrMoN composite coatings are tested by XRD, EDS, SEM and XPS respectively. The SEM results showed that the roughness of CrN composite coating reduces with addition of Mo element. X-ray diffraction pattern indicated that the preferential growth orientation of the coatings is changed from CrN (111) to CrN (220) after the addition of Mo element, the diffraction peaks shift leftwards as Mo content increasing, and the majority of phases are Mo2N and CrN, besides which MoS2 and Cr2S3 were created.

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