Ferroelasticity with a Biased Hysteresis Loop in a Co-Crystal of Pimelic Acid and 1,2-Di(4-pyridyl)ethane

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 3913-3917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Sasaki ◽  
Shunichi Sakamoto ◽  
Keigo Nishizawa ◽  
Satoshi Takamizawa
Keyword(s):  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Pimelic Acid

Weak ferromagnetic response in PbZr1−xTixO3 single crystals

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (36) ◽  
pp. 11085-11089
Author(s):  
Iwona Lazar ◽  
Monika Oboz ◽  
Jerzy Kubacki ◽  
Andrzej Majchrowski ◽  
Julita Piecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ferromagnetic Hysteresis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ferromagnetic Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Weak Ferromagnetic

For the first time, a weak ferromagnetic hysteresis loop at room temperature has been observed in PbZr1−xTixO3 (PZT) single crystals.

scholarly journals An Analytical Solution for Non-Linear Viscoelastic Impact

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 1849
Author(s):  
Stelian Alaci ◽  
Constantin Filote ◽  
Florina-Carmen Ciornei ◽  
Oana Vasilica Grosu ◽  
Maria Simona Raboaca
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Viscoelastic Model ◽  
First Integral ◽  
Coefficient Of Restitution ◽  
Contact Period ◽  
Maximum Deformation ◽  
Impact Parameters ◽  
Simplified Algorithm ◽  
The Moment

The paper presents an analytical solution for the centric viscoelastic impact of two smooth balls. The contact period has two phases, compression and restitution, delimited by the moment corresponding to maximum deformation. The motion of the system is described by a nonlinear Hunt–Crossley equation that, when compared to the linear model, presents the advantage of a hysteresis loop closing in origin. There is only a single available equation obtained from the theorem of momentum. In order to solve the problem, in the literature, there are accepted different supplementary hypotheses based on energy considerations. In the present paper, the differential equation is written under a convenient form; it is shown that it can be integrated and a first integral is found—this being the main asset of the work. Then, all impact parameters can be calculated. The effect of coefficient of restitution upon all collision characteristics is emphasized, presenting importance for the compliant materials, in the domain of small coefficients of restitution. The results (variations of approach, velocity, force vs. time and hysteresis loop) are compared to two models due to Lankarani and Flores. For quasi-elastic collisions, the results are practically the same for the three models. For smaller values of the coefficient of restitution, the results of the present paper are in good agreement only to the Flores model. The simplified algorithm for the calculus of viscoelastic impact parameters is also presented. This algorithm avoids the large calculus volume required by solving the transcendental equations and definite integrals present in the mathematical model. The method proposed, based on the viscoelastic model given by Hunt and Crossley, can be extended to the elasto–visco–plastic nonlinear impact model.

The dielectric and polarization behavior of polyurethane-based polycarbonate diols with different content levels of fluorinated hard segments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wannida Chunarrom ◽  
Hathaikarn Manuspiya
Keyword(s):  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Paraelectric Phase ◽  
Polarization Behavior ◽  
Hard Segments ◽  
Different Content

The addition of a fluorinated chain improved the polarization in polyurethane, shifted the relaxation peaks, and changed the hysteresis loop behavior from a ferroelectric to a paraelectric phase.

scholarly journals Nucleating agents based on graphene and graphene oxide for crystallization of the β-form of isotactic polypropylene

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1436-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Broda ◽  
Marcin Baczek ◽  
Janusz Fabia ◽  
Dorota Binias ◽  
Ryszard Fryczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Pimelic Acid ◽  
Nucleating Agents ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Carboxylic Groups

Abstract During the investigations, functionalization of graphene oxide synthesized using modified Hummers’ method and its reduced form was performed. Mixtures of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide with pimelic acid and calcium hydroxide were prepared for functionalization. During the reaction, the molecules of pimelic acid were attached to the surface of graphene sheets. By forming links between the carboxylic groups of pimelic acid and graphene oxide, the durable connection was achieved. The functionalized graphene oxide and the reduced graphene oxide were used as additives in isotactic polypropylene crystallization. The influence of additives on crystallisation in non-isothermal conditions was examined using polarized optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The effect of the additives on the polypropylene structure was analysed using wide-angle X-ray scattering. For both functionalized compounds, the nucleating ability towards β-form of polypropylene was detected. Both additives showed the increase in the nucleation rate and promotion of growth of the β-form crystals. Nucleation efficiency similar to other nucleating agents used in the crystallization of the β-form of polypropylene was revealed.

A New Look at Measurements of Network Density

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Interaction Parameters ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Solvent Interaction ◽  
Solvent Method ◽  
Strain Data ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Polymer Solvent ◽  
New Look

Abstract A two-solvent method for determining the polymer-solvent interaction parameters independently of stress-strain data is described. The values obtained are much lower than those reported previously. Network densities calculated from swelling data and these interaction parameters are in good agreement with those calculated from the return portion of a hysteresis loop at high elongations.

Correlation between Anomalous Peak Effect in Magnetic Hysteresis Loop and Nanoscale Structure forNdBa2Cu3O7-δSingle-Crystal Superconductor

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (Part 1, No. 7) ◽  
pp. 3882-3886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Nakamura ◽  
Tsukasa Hirayama ◽  
Yasuji Yamada ◽  
Yuichi Ikuhara ◽  
Yuh Shiohara
Keyword(s):  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Magnetic Hysteresis ◽  
Magnetic Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Peak Effect ◽  
Anomalous Peak ◽  
Nanoscale Structure

Lead inclusions in aluminium

1989 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Johnson ◽  
L. Gråbaek ◽  
J. Bohr ◽  
A. Johansen ◽  
L. Sarholt-Kristensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Noble Gas ◽  
Melting Transition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Free Surfaces ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spontaneous Phase

ABSTRACTIon implantation at room temperature of lead into aluminium leads to spontaneous phase separation and formation of lead precipitates growing topotactically with the matrix. Unlike the highly pressurised (∼ 1–5 GPa) solid inclusions formed after noble gas implantations, the pressure in the lead precipitates is found to be less than 0.12 GPa.Recently we have observed the intriguing result that the lead inclusions in aluminium exhibit both superheating and supercooling [1]. In this paper we review and elaborate on these results. Small implantation-induced lead precipitates embedded in an aluminium matrix were studied by X-ray diffraction. The (111) Bragg peak originating from the lead crystals was followed during several temperature cycles, from room temperature to 678 K. The melting temperature for bulk lead is 601 K. In the first heating cycle we found a superheating of the lead precipitates of 67 K before melting occurred. During subsequent cooling a supercooling of 21 K below the solidification point of bulk lead was observed. In the subsequent heating cycles this hysteresis at the melting transition was reproducible. The full width of the hysteresis loop slowly decreased to 62 K, while the mean size of the inclusions gradually increased from 14.5 nm to 27 nm. The phenomena of superheating and supercooling are thus most pronounced for the small crystallites. The persistence of the hysteresis loop over successive heating cycles demonstrate that its cause is intrinsic in nature, and it is believed that the superheating originates from the lack of free surfaces of the lead inclusions.

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