Autonomously Self-Adhesive Hydrogels as Building Blocks for Additive Manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xudong Deng ◽  
Rana Attalla ◽  
Lukas P. Sadowski ◽  
Mengsu Chen ◽  
Michael J. Majcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Building Blocks

scholarly journals Automated Assembly of Electronic Digital Materials

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will Langford ◽  
Amanda Ghassaei ◽  
Neil Gershenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Automated Assembly ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Positioning Errors ◽  
Assembly Sequences ◽  
Digital Material ◽  
Cad Cam

Interest in additive manufacturing has recently been spurred by the promise of multi-material printing and the ability to embed functionality and intelligence into objects. Here, we present an alternative to additive manufacturing, introducing an end-to-end workflow in which discrete building blocks are reversibly joined to produce assemblies called digital materials. We describe the design of the bulk-material building blocks and the devices that are assembled from them. Further, we detail the design and implementation of an automated assembler, which takes advantage of the digital material structure to restore positioning errors within a large tolerance. To generate assembly sequences, we use a novel CAD/CAM workflow for designing, simulating, and assembling digital materials. Finally, we evaluate the structures assembled using this process, showing that the joints perform well under varying conditions and that the assembled structures are functionally precise.

scholarly journals The molten glass sewing machine

2017 ◽  
Vol 375 (2093) ◽  
pp. 20160156 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-T. Brun ◽  
Chikara Inamura ◽  
Daniel Lizardo ◽  
Giorgia Franchin ◽  
Michael Stern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Molten Glass ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Geometrical Model ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Complex Media ◽  
Sewing Machine ◽  
Transparent Glass ◽  
Fluid Instability ◽  
Optically Transparent

We present a fluid-instability-based approach for digitally fabricating geometrically complex uniformly sized structures in molten glass. Formed by mathematically defined and physically characterized instability patterns, such structures are produced via the additive manufacturing of optically transparent glass, and result from the coiling of an extruded glass thread. We propose a minimal geometrical model—and a methodology—to reliably control the morphology of patterns, so that these building blocks can be assembled into larger structures with tailored functionally and optically tunable properties. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Patterning through instabilities in complex media: theory and applications’.

Additive manufacturing of biologically-inspired materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
André R. Studart
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Biologically Inspired ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Heterogeneous Architectures ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

Analogous to the layer-by-layer and site-specific deposition of building blocks carried by living organisms during biomineralization (left), additive manufacturing technologies offer a compelling route for the fabrication of bioinspired heterogeneous architectures for next generation composite materials (right).

A Virtual Prototyping System for Additive Manufacturing Process Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 445 ◽  
pp. 971-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okan Topcu ◽  
Yigit Tascioglu
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Virtual Prototyping ◽  
Heterogeneous Material ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Homogeneous State ◽  
Open Source Software Package ◽  
Multiple Material

This paper describes a virtual prototyping (VP) system which is a part of an open source software package for an additive manufacturing (AM) process under development. The VP system facilitates the product development by uniting the AM process and virtual reality in order to produce digital prototypes. Moreover, it combines particle based and layer based processes by including powder-like particles as its basic material. These particles are used as color codes in the VP system. This coding enables obtaining basic building blocks in homogeneous state or in heterogeneous state by mixing with other particles. These blocks or bricks are collated side by side to obtain the heterogeneous material property all over the solid body. The thin layers obtained by these bricks are then subsequently stacked up to fabricate a virtual prototype. Construction of multiple material prototypes is possible due to selective-additive nature of this process. The effectiveness of the proposed system is demonstrated by processing a model of The Maidens Tower.

scholarly journals Building Block Synthesis of Self-Supported Three-Dimensional Compliant Elements for Metallic Additive Manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aschraf N. Danun ◽  
Philip D. Palma ◽  
Christoph Klahn ◽  
Mirko Meboldt
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Compliant Mechanisms ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bistable Switch ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Switch Mechanism ◽  
Metallic Additive

Abstract Compliant mechanisms gain motion through the elastic deformation of the monolithic flexible elements. The geometric design freedom of metallic additive manufacturing enables the fabrication of complex and three-dimensional (3D) compliant elements within mechanisms previously too complicated to produce. However, the design of metallic additive manufactured mechanisms faces various challenges of manufacturing restrictions, such as avoiding critical overhanging geometries and minimizing the amount of support structure, which has been reported in a few cases. This paper presents a synthesis approach for translational compliant elements, involving building blocks based on leaf-type springs and covering building orientations between 0 deg and 90 deg. In particular, this range is approached by the synthesis of self-supported 3D building blocks with orientations of 0 deg, 45 deg and 90 deg. The compliant elements are built based on linear and circular plane curves and compared numerically according to their mechanical performance to create preferable building blocks. The applicability of the presented procedure and the manufacturability of the compliant mechanisms are proven by printing individual 3D building blocks and their serial aggregation with laser-based powder bed fusion. Consequently, several prototypes are demonstrated, including a bistable switch mechanism and a large displaceable rotational spring joint. In addition, a small-scale highly maneuverable segment of a surgical instrument with a grasping mechanism at the distal end is proposed.

Building blocks for a digital twin of additive manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 390-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.L. Knapp ◽  
T. Mukherjee ◽  
J.S. Zuback ◽  
H.L. Wei ◽  
T.A. Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Digital Twin

scholarly journals Micro-Pins - the next step in composite to composite and metal to composite joining

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Νικόλαος Σαραντινός
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Sandwich Panel ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Element Method

Αυτή η διδακτορική έρευνα επικεντρώθηκε στην ανάπτυξη ενός πιο αξιόπιστου συνδέσμου, μετάλλων με σύνθετα υλικά και σύνθετων υλικών προς σύνθετα, χρησιμοποιώντας την τεχνολογία Micro-Pinning. Αυτή η τεχνολογία χρησιμοποιεί μικρές δομές (pins) που διεισδύουν στο σύνθετο πολύστρωτο υλικό πριν από τον πολυμερισμό της μήτρας και δημιουργούν έναν υβριδικό μηχανικό-χημικό δεσμό μεταξύ των δομών. Η έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε σε αυτή τη μελέτη ήταν κυρίως προσανατολισμένη σε μία κατεύθυνση περισσότερο τεχνική από ακαδημαϊκού χαρακτήρα, εστιάζοντας σε ένα συγκεκριμένο σενάριο βιομηχανικής εφαρμογής και όχι σε γενική έρευνα - σύμφωνα με τις απαιτήσεις του προγράμματος ESA / NPI που υπάγεται η παρούσα έρευνα. Σε αυτή τη μελέτη, η τεχνολογία του Micro-Pinning επικεντρώθηκε στην εφαρμογή της σε διαστημικές συνδετικές δομές. Η κύρια κατευθυντήρια γραμμή ήταν να βρεθεί μια εφαρμογή των Micro-Pins, χωρίς να απαιτούνται πολλές αλλαγές στην φιλοσοφία σχεδιασμού και στις διαδικασίες κατασκευής που χρησιμοποιούνται στη βιομηχανία. Σε επόμενο βήμα, εφαρμόστηκε μια μελέτη σκοπιμότητας για τον επανασχεδιασμό ενός συνδέσμου με Micro-Pins και την απόκλιση της σχεδιαστικής φιλοσοφίας από τις τρέχουσες κατασκευαστικές διαδικασίες, στην οποία συνδυάστηκαν και χρησιμοποιήθηκαν προηγμένα εργαλεία αριθμητικής βελτιστοποίησης, διαδικασίες Additive Manufacturing και πλήρης επανασχεδιασμός του αρχικού συνδέσμου για τη βέλτιστη εφαρμογή της τεχνολογίας Micro-Pinning από την αρχή. Για την επίτευξη των στόχων αυτής της έρευνας, σχεδιάστηκε ένα ερευνητικό σχέδιο σε τρεις φάσεις, το οποίο ακολούθησε την μέθοδο building blocks. Το σχέδιο άρχιζε από τη μικρο-κλίμακα σε επίπεδο σύνδεσης ενός Micro-Pins, συνεχιζόταν στη μεσο-κλίμακα με σύνδεσμο πολλαπλών Micro-Pins και ολοκληρώθηκε σε μακρο-κλίμακα με την πλήρη εφαρμογή της τεχνολογίας Micro-Pinning σε σύνδεση bracket-insert-sandwich panel. Σε κάθε φάση, τρεις υποδιαιρέσεις έρευνας πραγματοποιήθηκαν. Αρχικά, εκτελέστηκε μια αριθμητική μελέτη βελτιστοποίησης, η οποία ακολουθήθηκε από κατασκευή και πειραματική δοκιμή των βελτιστοποιημένων συνδέσμων, και τελειώσε με μια αριθμητική διαδικασία δοκιμής για την επικύρωση των αποτελεσμάτων και της ικανότητας πρόβλεψης της μηχανικής απόκρισης του συνδέσμου, χρησιμοποιώντας αριθμητικά μη γραμμικά εργαλεία Finite Element Method. Στα τελικά αποτελέσματα αυτής της μελέτης, αποδείχθηκε ότι η επανασχεδιασμός ενός συνδετικού στοιχείου και η προσαρμογή της τεχνολογίας Micro-Pinning μπορεί να επιφέρει σημαντικά μεγαλύτερη μηχανική απόκριση σε σύγκριση με τον σύνδεσμο αναφοράς με κόλλα. Ωστόσο, αποδείχθηκε ότι ακόμη και να διατηρηθεί η γεωμετρία του αρχικού συνδέσμου αναφοράς και να εφαρμοστεί η τεχνολογία Micro-Pinning, μπορεί να υπάρξει μια επίσης αύξηση της μηχανικής απόκρισης του συνδέσμου. Επιπλέον, η εφαρμογή σύγχρονων εργαλείων αριθμητικής βελτιστοποίησης και προηγμένων κατασκευαστικών τεχνολογιών (Additive Manufacturing), μπορεί να οδηγήσει στην περαιτέρω βελτιστοποίηση της μηχανικής απόκρισης με μία σημαντική μείωση μάζας του συνδέσμου.

Photochemical Evolution of Interstellar/Precometary Organic Material

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 23-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis J. Allamandola ◽  
Max P. Bernstein ◽  
Scott A. Sandford
Keyword(s):  
Origin Of Life ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Infrared Observations ◽  
Interstellar Ice ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Ultraviolet Photolysis ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Simple Molecules ◽  
Complex Organic

AbstractInfrared observations, combined with realistic laboratory simulations, have revolutionized our understanding of interstellar ice and dust, the building blocks of comets. Since comets are thought to be a major source of the volatiles on the primative earth, their organic inventory is of central importance to questions concerning the origin of life. Ices in molecular clouds contain the very simple molecules H2O, CH3OH, CO, CO2, CH4, H2, and probably some NH3and H2CO, as well as more complex species including nitriles, ketones, and esters. The evidence for these, as well as carbonrich materials such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), microdiamonds, and amorphous carbon is briefly reviewed. This is followed by a detailed summary of interstellar/precometary ice photochemical evolution based on laboratory studies of realistic polar ice analogs. Ultraviolet photolysis of these ices produces H2, H2CO, CO2, CO, CH4, HCO, and the moderately complex organic molecules: CH3CH2OH (ethanol), HC(= O)NH2(formamide), CH3C(= O)NH2(acetamide), R-CN (nitriles), and hexamethylenetetramine (HMT, C6H12N4), as well as more complex species including polyoxymethylene and related species (POMs), amides, and ketones. The ready formation of these organic species from simple starting mixtures, the ice chemistry that ensues when these ices are mildly warmed, plus the observation that the more complex refractory photoproducts show lipid-like behavior and readily self organize into droplets upon exposure to liquid water suggest that comets may have played an important role in the origin of life.

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