scholarly journals Extracellular Electron Transfer by the Gram-Positive Bacterium Enterococcus faecalis

Biochemistry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (30) ◽  
pp. 4597-4603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Pankratova ◽  
Dónal Leech ◽  
Lo Gorton ◽  
Lars Hederstedt
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Gram Positive

scholarly journals Long-distance electron transfer in a filamentous Gram-positive bacterium

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonggang Yang ◽  
Zegao Wang ◽  
Cuifen Gan ◽  
Lasse Hyldgaard Klausen ◽  
Robin Bonné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Cell Envelopes

AbstractLong-distance extracellular electron transfer has been observed in Gram-negative bacteria and plays roles in both natural and engineering processes. The electron transfer can be mediated by conductive protein appendages (in short unicellular bacteria such as Geobacter species) or by conductive cell envelopes (in filamentous multicellular cable bacteria). Here we show that Lysinibacillus varians GY32, a filamentous unicellular Gram-positive bacterium, is capable of bidirectional extracellular electron transfer. In microbial fuel cells, L. varians can form centimetre-range conductive cellular networks and, when grown on graphite electrodes, the cells can reach a remarkable length of 1.08 mm. Atomic force microscopy and microelectrode analyses suggest that the conductivity is linked to pili-like protein appendages. Our results show that long-distance electron transfer is not limited to Gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals How thermophilic Gram-positive organisms perform extracellular electron transfer: characterization of the cell surface terminal reductase OcwA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.L. Costa ◽  
B. Hermann ◽  
V. Fourmond ◽  
M. Faustino ◽  
M. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer ◽  
Bioelectrochemical Systems ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Evolutionary Pathway ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties

AbstractExtracellular electron transfer is the key process underpinning the development of bioelectrochemical systems for the production of energy or added-value compounds. Thermincola potens JR is a promising Gram-positive bacterium to be used in these systems because it is thermophilic. In this paper we describe the structural and functional properties of the nonaheme cytochrome OcwA, which is the terminal reductase of this organism. The structure of OcwA, determined at 2.2Å resolution shows that the overall-fold and organization of the hemes are not related to other metal reductases and instead are similar to that of multiheme cytochromes involved in the biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen and sulfur. We show that, in addition to solid electron acceptors, OcwA can also reduce soluble electron shuttles and oxyanions. These data reveal that OcwA can take the role of a respiratory ‘swiss-army knife’ allowing this organism to grow in environments with rapidly changing availability of terminal electron acceptors without the need for transcriptional regulation and protein synthesis.ImportanceThermophilic Gram-positive organisms were recently shown to be a promising class of organisms to be used in bioelectrochemical systems for the production of electrical energy. These organisms present a thick peptidoglycan layer that was thought to preclude them to perform extracellular electron transfer (i.e. exchange catabolic electrons with solid electron acceptors outside of the cell). In this manuscript we describe the structure and functional mechanisms of the multiheme cytochrome OcwA, the terminal reductase of the Gram-positive bacterium Thermincola potens JR found at the cell surface of this organism. The results presented here show that this protein is unrelated with terminal reductases found at the cell surface of other electroactive organisms. Instead, OcwA is similar to terminal reductases of soluble electron acceptors. Our data reveals that terminal oxidoreductases of soluble and insoluble substrates are evolutionarily related, providing novel insights into the evolutionary pathway of multiheme cytochromes.

Metabolites produced by Pseudomonas sp. enable a Gram-positive bacterium to achieve extracellular electron transfer

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1119-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
The Hai Pham ◽  
Nico Boon ◽  
Peter Aelterman ◽  
Peter Clauwaert ◽  
Liesje De Schamphelaire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Gram Positive

scholarly journals How Thermophilic Gram-Positive Organisms Perform Extracellular Electron Transfer: Characterization of the Cell Surface Terminal Reductase OcwA

mBio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Costa ◽  
B. Hermann ◽  
V. Fourmond ◽  
M. M. Faustino ◽  
M. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer ◽  
Bioelectrochemical Systems ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Evolutionary Pathway ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties

ABSTRACT Extracellular electron transfer is the key process underpinning the development of bioelectrochemical systems for the production of energy or added-value compounds. Thermincola potens JR is a promising Gram-positive bacterium to be used in these systems because it is thermophilic. In this paper, we describe the structural and functional properties of the nonaheme cytochrome OcwA, which is the terminal reductase of this organism. The structure of OcwA, determined at 2.2-Å resolution, shows that the overall fold and organization of the hemes are not related to other metal reductases and instead are similar to those of multiheme cytochromes involved in the biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen and sulfur. We show that, in addition to solid electron acceptors, OcwA can also reduce soluble electron shuttles and oxyanions. These data reveal that OcwA can work as a multipurpose respiratory enzyme allowing this organism to grow in environments with rapidly changing availability of terminal electron acceptors without the need for transcriptional regulation and protein synthesis. IMPORTANCE Thermophilic Gram-positive organisms were recently shown to be a promising class of organisms to be used in bioelectrochemical systems for the production of electrical energy. These organisms present a thick peptidoglycan layer that was thought to preclude them to perform extracellular electron transfer (i.e., exchange catabolic electrons with solid electron acceptors outside the cell). In this paper, we describe the structure and functional mechanisms of the multiheme cytochrome OcwA, the terminal reductase of the Gram-positive bacterium Thermincola potens JR found at the cell surface of this organism. The results presented here show that this protein can take the role of a respiratory “Swiss Army knife,” allowing this organism to grow in environments with soluble and insoluble substrates. Moreover, it is shown that it is unrelated to terminal reductases found at the cell surface of other electroactive organisms. Instead, OcwA is similar to terminal reductases of soluble electron acceptors. Our data reveal that terminal oxidoreductases of soluble and insoluble substrates are evolutionarily related, providing novel insights into the evolutionary pathway of multiheme cytochromes.

Riboflavin-shuttled extracellular electron transfer from Enterococcus faecalis to electrodes in microbial fuel cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 753-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enren Zhang ◽  
Yamin Cai ◽  
Yue Luo ◽  
Zhe Piao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Electron Mediators ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose

Great attention has been focused on Gram-negative bacteria in the application of microbial fuel cells. In this study, the Gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus faecalis was employed in microbial fuel cells. Bacterial biofilms formed by E. faecalis ZER6 were investigated with respect to electricity production through the riboflavin-shuttled extracellular electron transfer. Trace riboflavin was shown to be essential for transferring electrons derived from the oxidation of glucose outside the peptidoglycan layer in the cell wall of E. faecalis biofilms formed on the surface of electrodes, in the absence of other potential electron mediators (e.g., yeast extract).

scholarly journals Correction for Keogh et al., “Extracellular Electron Transfer Powers Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm Metabolism”

mBio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Keogh ◽  
Ling Ning Lam ◽  
Lucinda E. Doyle ◽  
Artur Matysik ◽  
Shruti Pavagadhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer

scholarly journals A flavin-based extracellular electron transfer mechanism in diverse Gram-positive bacteria

Nature ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 562 (7725) ◽  
pp. 140-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel H. Light ◽  
Lin Su ◽  
Rafael Rivera-Lugo ◽  
Jose A. Cornejo ◽  
Alexander Louie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Electron Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

scholarly journals Extracellular Electron Transfer Mediated by Flavins in Gram-positive Bacillus sp. WS-XY1 and Yeast Pichia stipitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 564-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Wu ◽  
Yong Xiao ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Yue Zheng ◽  
Kenlin Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Pichia Stipitis ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Gram Positive

scholarly journals Extracellular Electron Transfer Powers Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm Metabolism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Keogh ◽  
Ling Ning Lam ◽  
Lucinda E. Doyle ◽  
Artur Matysik ◽  
Shruti Pavagadhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Metabolic Versatility ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Biofilm Matrix

AbstractEnterococci are important human commensals and significant opportunistic pathogens associated with endocarditis, urinary tract infections, wound and surgical site infections, and medical device associated infections. These infections often become chronic upon the formation of biofilm. The biofilm matrix establishes properties that distinguish this state from free-living bacterial cells and increase tolerance to antimicrobial interventions. The metabolic versatility of the Enterococci is reflected in the diversity and complexity of environments and communities in which they thrive. Understanding metabolic factors governing colonization and persistence in different host niches can reveal factors influencing the transition from commensal to opportunistic pathogen. Here, we report a new form of iron-dependent metabolism for Enterococcus faecalis where, in the absence of heme, respiration components can be utilised for extracellular electron transfer (EET). Iron augments E. faecalis biofilm growth and generates alterations in biofilm matrix, cell spatial distribution, and biofilm matrix properties. We identify the genes involved in iron-augmented biofilm growth and show that it occurs by promoting EET to iron within biofilm.SignificanceBacterial metabolic versatility is often key in dictating the outcome of host-pathogen interactions, yet determinants of metabolic shifts are difficult to resolve. The bacterial biofilm matrix provides the structural and functional support that distinguishes this state from free-living bacterial cells. Here, we show that the biofilm matrix provides access to resources necessary for metabolism and growth which are otherwise inaccessible in the planktonic state. Our data shows that in the absence of heme, components of Enterococcus faecalis respiration (l-lactate dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase) may function as initiators of EET through the cytoplasmic membrane quinone pool and utilize matrix-associated iron to carry out EET. The presence of iron resources within the biofilm matrix leads to enhanced biofilm growth.

scholarly journals Extracellular Electron Transfer: Following Nature: Bioinspired Mediation Strategy for Gram‐Positive Bacterial Cells (Adv. Energy Mater. 16/2019)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 1970055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Pankratova ◽  
Dmitry Pankratov ◽  
Ross D. Milton ◽  
Shelley D. Minteer ◽  
Lo Gorton
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Energy Mater
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