scholarly journals In Vitro Bypass of Thymidine Glycol by DNA Polymerase θ Forms Sequence-Dependent Frameshift Mutations

Biochemistry ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (51) ◽  
pp. 6726-6733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Laverty ◽  
Marc M. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Frameshift Mutations ◽  
Sequence Dependent ◽  
Thymidine Glycol

scholarly journals Involvement of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase β in nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis

1978 ◽  
Vol 173 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
T R Butt ◽  
W M Wood ◽  
E L McKay ◽  
R L P Adams
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Dna Polymerase Beta ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
High Molecular Weight Dna ◽  
Dna Polymerase Alpha ◽  
Polymerase Beta

The effects on DNA synthesis in vitro in mouse L929-cell nuclei of differential extraction of DNA polymerases alpha and beta were studied. Removal of all measurable DNA polymerase alpha and 20% of DNA polymerase beta leads to a 40% fall in the replicative DNA synthesis. Removal of 70% of DNA polymerase beta inhibits replicative synthesis by 80%. In all cases the nuclear DNA synthesis is sensitive to N-ethylmaleimide and aCTP (arabinosylcytosine triphosphate), though less so than DNA polymerase alpha. Addition of deoxyribonuclease I to the nuclear incubation leads to synthesis of high-molecular-weight DNA in a repair reaction. This occurs equally in nuclei from non-growing or S-phase cells. The former nuclei lack DNA polymerase alpha and the reaction reflects the sensitivity of DNA polymerase beta to inhibiton by N-ethylmaleimide and aCTP.

The Mechanism of Replication of Single-Stranded DNA. VI. Requirements for Ribonucleoside Triphosphates and DNA Polymerase III

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1588-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Denhardt ◽  
Makoto Iwaya ◽  
Grant McFadden ◽  
Gerald Schochetman
Keyword(s):  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Dna Polymerases ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Restrictive Temperature ◽  
Dna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Single Stranded Dna ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Iii

Evidence is presented that in Escherichia coli made permeable to nucleotides by exposure to toluene, the synthesis of a DNA chain complementary to the infecting single-stranded DNA of bacteriophage [Formula: see text] requires ATP as well as the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates. This synthesis results in the formation of the parental double-stranded replicative-form (RF) molecule. The ATP is not required simply to prevent degradation of the ribonucleoside or deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates; it can be partially substituted for by other ribonucleoside triphosphates.No single one of the known E. coli DNA polymerases appears to be uniquely responsible in vivo for the formation of the parental RF. Since [Formula: see text] replicates well in strains lacking all, or almost all, of the in-vitro activities of DNA polymerases I and II, neither of these two enzymes would seem essential; and in a temperature-sensitive E. coli mutant (dnaEts) deficient in DNA polmerase-I activity and possessing a temperature-sensitive DNA polymerase III, the viral single-stranded DNA is efficiently incorporated into an RF molecule at the restrictive temperature. In contrast, both RF replication and progeny single-stranded DNA synthesis are dependent upon DNA polymerase III activity.

Oligo(A)-stimulated Tetrahymena rDNA synthesis in vitro

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 396-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Ganz ◽  
Gyorgy B. Kiss ◽  
Ronald E. Pearlman
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Replication Proteins ◽  
General Applicability ◽  
In Vitro Synthesis ◽  
Restriction Fragments ◽  
Double Stranded Dna

The synthesis of Tetrahymena rDNA has been examined using purified DNA polymerase and partially purified preparations of homologous replication enzymes (fraction IV). DNA synthesis with purified DNA polymerase alone was less than that with fraction IV enzymes. This suggested that there were additional factors in fraction IV other than DNA polymerase which contributed to or enhanced rDNA synthesis in vitro. Neither hybridization of rDNA with Tetrahymena ribosomal RNA nor preincubation of rDNA with homologous or heterologous RNA polymerase served to stimulate in vitro synthesis by fraction IV enzymes. However, when rDNA was hybridized with oligoriboadenylate, DNA synthesis using fraction IV was stimulated approximately 4- to 4.5-fold over 150 min of incubation, relative to a similarly treated but unhybridized rDNA control. Using oligoriboadenylate-hybridized EcoR1 and HindIII restriction fragments of rDNA to localize the synthesis most of the in vitro synthesis occurred within a 2.4 × 106 Mr fragment encompassing the centre of the rDNA molecule. The approach of hybridizing a synthetic homooligoribonucleotide primer to double-stranded DNA should prove to be of general applicability in designing similar template–primers in other systems for the purpose of isolating replication proteins.

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