Subpicogram detection system for gas phase analysis based upon atmospheric pressure ionization (API) mass spectrometry

1974 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 706-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. I. Carroll ◽  
I. Dzidic ◽  
R. N. Stillwell ◽  
M. G. Horning ◽  
E. C. Horning
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Ionization

Development and use of analytical systems based on mass spectrometry.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
E C Horning ◽  
D I Carroll ◽  
I Dzidic ◽  
K D Haegele ◽  
S Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Chemical Ionization ◽  
Negative Ions ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Ionization ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Ion Molecule Reactions ◽  
Ionization Mode ◽  
Effluent Stream

Abstract Contemporary analytical systems based on mass spectrometry include as components a gas chromatograph, a mass spectrometer, and a computer. The form of operation is usually in electron impact ionization mode for identification and structural studies, and in chemical ionization mode for quantitative analyses. Important stages in the development of these systems included the design of "molecule separators" for the concentration of solutes in the gas phase, the use of mass spectrometers as specific ion detectors, the introduction of chemical ionization techniques, and the development of computer-based operation, data acquisition, and data analysis capabilities. A current line of investigation is concerned with the design and use of systems based on atmospheric pressure ionization. Samples are ionized in a small reaction chamber external to the low-pressure region of a quadrupole mass analyzer. The primary source of electrons is a 63Ni foil or a corona discharge. The ionization process leading to positive ions involves a sequence of ion molecule reactions, usually electrons leads to carrier gas ions leads to reagent ions leads to sample component ions. Negative ions may be formed by direct electron attachment, or by ion molecule reactions that include new types of elimination reactions. The source will accept a variety of gases and solvents. The sample may be introduced in the gas phase without solvents, by probe injection, or in the effluent stream from a gas chromatograph. Samples may be introduced in the liquid phase in solvents by injection after the fashion of gas chromatography or in the effluent stream from a high-performance liquid chromatograph. The novel aspects of atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry lie in its versatility and high sensitivity of detection. Few clinical chemistry laboratories now use these systems. Significant future uses are likely to be in analytical work involving therapeutic drug monitoring and studies of drug metabolism, and in analyses for environmental biohazards including pesticides, herbicides, polyhalobiphenyls, dibenzodioxins, and other toxic compounds.

Characterization of HOCl Using Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry

1999 ◽  
Vol 103 (41) ◽  
pp. 8231-8238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy E. Caldwell ◽  
K. L. Foster ◽  
Thorsten Benter ◽  
Sarka Langer ◽  
John C. Hemminger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Ionization Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Ionization ◽  
Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document