Sensitive Detector Crayons for Phosgene, Hydrogen Cyanide, Cyanogen Chloride, and Lewisite

1957 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 885-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin. Witten ◽  
Arnold. Prostak
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Sensitive Detector ◽  
Cyanogen Chloride

scholarly journals THE REACTIONS OF ACTIVE NITROGEN WITH CHLOROMETHANES

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1223-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Sobering ◽  
C. A. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Product Yields ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Cyanogen Chloride ◽  
Limiting Values ◽  
Reactant Flow

Cyanogen chloride and chlorine were the only gaseous products observed in the reaction of active nitrogen with carbon tetrachloride at 110° and 420 °C. The product yields tended towards limiting values at higher reactant flow rates, and increased with increase of temperature at all flow rates. The reactions of active nitrogen with chloroform and dichloromethane at 260° and 420 °C yielded hydrogen chloride, hydrogen cyanide, and cyanogen, in addition to cyanogen chloride and chlorine. The behavior of the product yields with reactant flow rates and temperature was similar to that of the products from carbon tetrachloride.

THE EFFECT OF ADDED VAPORS ON THE INFLAMMABILITY OF HYDROGEN CYANIDE

1948 ◽  
Vol 26b (6) ◽  
pp. 472-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. McCallum ◽  
W. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Cyanogen Chloride

The limits of inflammability of hydrogen cyanide – air mixtures at room temperature and approximately 1 atm. pressure, have been determined to be 7.8 and 42.4 volume % of hydrogen cyanide. The effect of the addition of cyanogen chloride, phosgene, chloroform, hexane, heptane, and methyl chloroformate upon these limits has been investigated. It was found that the minimum molar ratio of added vapor to hydrogen cyanide that will produce a mixture that never becomes inflammable when progressively diluted with air is equal to 4.7 for cyanogen chloride, 0.86 for phosgene, and 1.1 for chloroform. All mixtures of hexane, heptane, and methyl chloroformate with hydrogen cyanide become inflammable when suitably diluted with air. For these systems, Le Chatelier's law, dealing with the composition of limit mixtures of two inflammable gases with air, was found to hold.

scholarly journals The use of tristimulus colorimetry for the determination of hydrogen cyanide in air by a modified König method

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Pitschmann ◽  
Ivana Tusarová ◽  
Emil Halámek ◽  
Zbyněk Kobliha
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Tristimulus Colorimetry ◽  
Cyanogen Chloride ◽  
Pink Coloration

A simple visual and tristimulus colorimetric method (threedimensional system CIE-L*a*b*) for the determination of trace amounts of hydrogen cyanide in air has been developed. The method is based on the suction of hydrogen cyanide through a chlorinating cartridge where cyanogen chloride is formed, which is further driven to an indicator disc made of a modified cotton fabric. This indicator disc is placed into an adapter. Prior to analysis, the disc is saturated with a chromogenic reagent, a solution of 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione (dimedone) and 4-benzylpyridine in ethanol. In the presence of hydrogen cyanide (cyanogen chloride), a pink coloration emerges on the indicator disc, the intensity of which is evaluated either visually or by use of a tristimulus colorimeter. The detection limit is 0.1 mg m-3. The method is mainly suitable for mobile field analyses. It was applied for the CHP-5 chemical agent detector introduced into the equipment of the Czech Army corps.

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