Quantitative nitration of alcoholic hydroxyl groups

1967 ◽  
Vol 39 (14) ◽  
pp. 1795-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. Schenk ◽  
Milagros. Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Alcoholic Hydroxyl

scholarly journals Titanium Dioxide Modified with Alcoholic Hydroxyl Groups

1994 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuneo SUHARA ◽  
Hiroshi HUKUI ◽  
Michihiro YAMAGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Alcoholic Hydroxyl

Chemical Characteristics of Humic Compounds Isolated From Some Decomposed Marine Algae

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Rashid ◽  
A. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Laminaria Digitata ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Humic Compounds ◽  
Spectroscopic Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Contents ◽  
Alcoholic Hydroxyl

The chemical and spectroscopic characteristics of humic compounds isolated from decomposed thalli of Fucus vesiculosus and Laminaria digitata, seaweed exudate, and dissolved organic matter in river water show that, in spite of several differences, their gross structural features are similar to those of humic compounds isolated from marine sediments or soils. Dominant functional groups are carboxyl and carbonyl but phenolic and alcoholic hydroxyl groups are also present in small proportions. Between 20 and 40% of humic acids are represented by fractions having molecular weight greater than 200,000, whereas the fulvic acids do not exceed 10,000. Carbon and nitrogen contents show a direct relation with molecular weight whereas the oxygen is inversely related.

Studies on the Lignin of Eucalyptus regnans. II. The Nature of the Hydroxyl Groups and the Presence of the Carbonyl Group in Thiolignin

1948 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
JWT Merewether
Keyword(s):  
Benzoyl Chloride ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Eucalyptus Regnans ◽  
Trimethyl Ether ◽  
Free Hydroxyl ◽  
Active Methylene ◽  
Methylene Group ◽  
Alcoholic Hydroxyl

E. regnans thiolignin reacts with p-toluenesulphonyl chloride in pyridine to form a hexatosyl derivative ; its trimethyl ether reacts likewise to form a tritosyl derivative. Both compounds still have a free hydroxyl group which can be acetylated. Similarly they yield a hexabenzoate and tribenzoate respectively by the Schotten-Baumann reaction, but in pyridine, thiolignin reacts with benzoyl chloride to give a heptabenzoate and trimethylthiolignin a tetrabenzoate. No reaction takes place when trimethyl thiolignin is treated with triphenylchloromethane in pyridine. The above data are interpreted as evidence that of the four alcoholic hydroxyl groups three are secondary and one tertiary. With phenylhydrazine, thiolignin yields a phenylosazone ; with p-nitrophenylhydrazine it yields a p-nitrophenylhydrazone. On the other hand, trimethylthiolignin does not react with phenylhydrazine, indicating the absence of non-enolizable carbonyl groups. Thiolignin condenses with benzaldehydes indicating the presence of an active methylene group. From this evidence it is deduced that the grouping CH2-CO-CHOH- is present.

Studies on the Lignin of Eucalyptus regnans. IV. Alkali Lignin

1949 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 600
Author(s):  
JWT Merewether
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Formula ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Eucalyptus Regnans ◽  
Alkali Lignin ◽  
Active Methylene ◽  
Methylene Group ◽  
Alcoholic Hydroxyl ◽  
Soluble Alkali

By pulping Eucalyptus regnans using the soda process and acidifying the black liquor a crude alkali lignin has been isolated. This has been separated into two fractions, dioxan-ether insoluble alkali lignin-A and dioxan-ether soluble alkali lignin-B. A series of derivatives has been made from each. The data for alkali lignin-A are consistent with the empirical formula C68H78O27, containing nine methoxyl. groups, three acidic, and four alcoholic hydroxyl groups, one of which is tertiary, one carbonyl, and one active methylene group. Alkali lignin-B has been found to be identical with the alkali lignin previously isolated from sulphate black liquor.

Properties of Esterificated Wood with Oxalic Acid and Cetyl Alcohol

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 1187-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Jun Wang ◽  
Ming Hui Zhang ◽  
Xi Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Wood Specimen ◽  
Cetyl Alcohol ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Moisture Adsorption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alcoholic Hydroxyl

Two-step for wood esterification with oxalic acid and cetyl alcohol is developed in this study. The esterified wood powder was investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that ester groups substituted parts of the original alcoholic hydroxyl groups, and crystallization occurred during the modification. In addition, surface wettability, moisture adsorption and water absorption tests for wood specimen have showed that the modification improves the moisture and water resistance.

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