Picking Vanished Proteins from the Void: How to Collect and Ship/Share Extremely Dilute Proteins in a Reproducible and Highly Efficient Manner

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (15) ◽  
pp. 7421-7427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Bonn ◽  
Jürgen Bartel ◽  
Knut Büttner ◽  
Michael Hecker ◽  
Andreas Otto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Highly Efficient

scholarly journals Stereocontrolled total synthesis of (+)-vinblastine

2003 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Yokoshima ◽  
T. Ueda ◽  
S. Kobayashi ◽  
A. Sato ◽  
Takeshi Kuboyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Radical Cyclization ◽  
Critical Coupling ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Indole Synthesis

Stereocontrolled total synthesis of (+)-vinblastine (1) has been achieved using a novel radical-mediated indole synthesis developed in our laboratories. The isothiocyanate 18, prepared readily from quinoline 17, underwent a facile addition of the malonate anion to give 19. The o-alkenylthioanilide 19 was then converted to indole 20 by radical cyclization and protection. (−)-Vindoline (2) was prepared from this key intermediate 20 in a highly efficient manner. The indole core of the 11-membered intermediate 3 was constructed similarly from quinoline. The critical coupling reaction between 2 and the chloroindolenine derived from 3 proceeded with complete control of stereochemistry to give the desired product 66 in 97 % yield, which could be successfully converted to (+)-vinblastine (1).

scholarly journals Currencies and Capitalisms on the Internet

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Ruckenstein
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Living Lab ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
The World ◽  
Economical Development ◽  
New Facilities

The internet is a particularly vibrant arena of economical development and transformation, because it brings together producers, distributors and consumers in a highly efficient manner. By doing so, it enables the exploration of innovative concepts without having to build costly new facilities. Thus the internet has become a living lab, which is used by people all over the world for creating and developing new economical forms. Anthropology offers a rich tradition for studying processes of production, distribution and consumption. In addition, anthropological studies on money offer interesting insights for thinking about uses of currencies on the internet. New forms of economical interaction create new kinds of currencies and money is multiplying on the internet. The aim of this paper is to outline some questions that can be raised by anthropological studies on economical forms and uses of currency. In order to understand virtual economies we need to think of what “the economy” actually means. Well-known economical forms are being replicated on the internet, but other kinds of economies are also being created that raise the question of how useful the mainstream idea of the economy is for studying them. Virtual economies often promote self-realization and creativity that have less to do with money than withbeing part of a vibrant community of people.

Synthesis of α-Thiooximes by Addition of Thiols to N,N-Bis(oxy)-enamines: A Comparative Study of S-, N-, and O-Nucleo­philes in Michael Reaction with Nitrosoalkene Species

Synlett ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1334-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Sukhorukov ◽  
Yana Naumovich ◽  
Aleksandr Kokuev ◽  
Sema Ioffe
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Nucleophilic Addition ◽  
Michael Reaction ◽  
Lewis Base ◽  
Base Catalysis ◽  
Relative Reactivity ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Relative Nucleophilicity ◽  
First Time

Nucleophilic addition of thiols to N,N-bis(oxy)enamines (nitrosoalkene acetals) produce valuable α-thiooximes in a highly efficient manner. The reaction was found to be solvent-dependent, likely because of distinct mechanisms operating in nonpolar and basic solvents (involving either Brønsted acid or Lewis base catalysis). By performing a series of competition experiments, the relative reactivity of S-, N-, and O-nucleophiles in reaction with N,N-bis(oxy)enamines was determined for the first time. Interestingly, the relative nucleophilicity was found to be highly dependent on the solvent, which allows regioselective control of these reactions by using an appropriate medium.

scholarly journals Contemporary Transposon Tools: A Review and Guide through Mechanisms and Applications of Sleeping Beauty, piggyBac and Tol2 for Genome Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5084
Author(s):  
Nicolás Sandoval-Villegas ◽  
Wasifa Nurieva ◽  
Maximilian Amberger ◽  
Zoltán Ivics
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Sleeping Beauty ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Shrna Expression ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Highly Efficient

Transposons are mobile genetic elements evolved to execute highly efficient integration of their genes into the genomes of their host cells. These natural DNA transfer vehicles have been harnessed as experimental tools for stably introducing a wide variety of foreign DNA sequences, including selectable marker genes, reporters, shRNA expression cassettes, mutagenic gene trap cassettes, and therapeutic gene constructs into the genomes of target cells in a regulated and highly efficient manner. Given that transposon components are typically supplied as naked nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) or recombinant protein, their use is simple, safe, and economically competitive. Thus, transposons enable several avenues for genome manipulations in vertebrates, including transgenesis for the generation of transgenic cells in tissue culture comprising the generation of pluripotent stem cells, the production of germline-transgenic animals for basic and applied research, forward genetic screens for functional gene annotation in model species and therapy of genetic disorders in humans. This review describes the molecular mechanisms involved in transposition reactions of the three most widely used transposon systems currently available (Sleeping Beauty, piggyBac, and Tol2), and discusses the various parameters and considerations pertinent to their experimental use, highlighting the state-of-the-art in transposon technology in diverse genetic applications.

scholarly journals Synthesis of 1-[bis(trifluoromethyl)phosphine]-1’-oxazolinylferrocene ligands and their application in regio- and enantioselective Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation of monosubstituted allyl substrates

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1261-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng-Wei Lai ◽  
Rong-Fei Yang ◽  
Ke-Yin Ye ◽  
Hongbin Sun ◽  
Shu-Li You
Keyword(s):  
Allylic Alkylation ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Wide Range

A class of novel, easily accessible and air-stable 1-[bis(trifluoromethyl)phosphine]-1’-oxazolinylferrocene ligands has been synthesized from ferrocene. It became apparent that these ligands can be used in the regio- and enantioselective Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation of monosubstituted allyl substrates in a highly efficient manner. Excellent regio- and enantioselectivity could be obtained for a wide range of substrates.

Collection Development in Nursing

2012 ◽  
pp. 375-389
Author(s):  
Michelle Price
Keyword(s):  
Content Area ◽  
Collection Development ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Library Collection ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Faculty Input ◽  
Searching Skills

Identifying nursing items to purchase for a library collection can be a daunting task, especially since the materials become dated very quickly, and because, with limited budgets, librarians need to prioritize purchases. The Systematic Weeding to Identify Purchases (SWIPE) method employs a model of systematic weeding and identification of purchases that combines faculty subject expertise and librarian searching skills. With faculty input and circulation data, a librarian using SWIPE can identify items to withdraw from the collection, while also identifying new editions and titles to purchase in a content area, such as nursing. The SWIPE method allows librarians with little subject background to purchase appropriate and necessary new titles in a highly efficient manner.

Development of Deburring Technology with Whirling EDM

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitchuda Lertphokanont ◽  
◽  
Atsushi Nakayama ◽  
Minoru Ota ◽  
Kai Egashira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Feedback Circuit ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Short Circuits

This paper describes a highly efficient deburring technology that employs Whirling Electrical Discharge Machining (Whirling EDM). Whirling EDM was developed because burrs on the backside of smalldiameter holes, such as cross-drilled holes are not easy to remove. Many short circuits occur, due to the design of the compliant tool and the tool’s uncontrollable deflection. Therefore, a feedback circuit was developed in order to increase the probability of normal discharge. In conclusion, normal discharge increased due to the feedback circuit, and Whirling EDM can successfully deburr the backside of small-diameter holes in a highly efficient manner.

Removing energy with an exoskeleton reduces the metabolic cost of walking

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 372 (6545) ◽  
pp. 957-960
Author(s):  
Michael Shepertycky ◽  
Sarah Burton ◽  
Andrew Dickson ◽  
Yan-Fei Liu ◽  
Qingguo Li
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Metabolic Expenditure

Evolutionary pressures have led humans to walk in a highly efficient manner that conserves energy, making it difficult for exoskeletons to reduce the metabolic cost of walking. Despite the challenge, some exoskeletons have managed to lessen the metabolic expenditure of walking, either by adding or storing and returning energy. We show that the use of an exoskeleton that strategically removes kinetic energy during the swing period of the gait cycle reduces the metabolic cost of walking by 2.5 ± 0.8% for healthy male users while converting the removed energy into 0.25 ± 0.02 watts of electrical power. By comparing two loading profiles, we demonstrate that the timing and magnitude of energy removal are vital for successful metabolic cost reduction.

scholarly journals Stereoselective synthesis of four possible isomers of streptopyrrolidine

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debendra K Mohapatra ◽  
Barla Thirupathi ◽  
Pragna P Das ◽  
Jhillu S Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Stereoselective Synthesis ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Type Reaction ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
The Absolute

The synthesis of (4R,5R)-streptopyrrolidine (1), (4S,5R)-streptopyrrolidine (2) (4R,5S)-streptopyrrolidine (3) and (4S,5S)-streptopyrrolidine (4) have been achieved in a concise and highly efficient manner via a highly stereoselective aldol type reaction with the trimethylsilyl enolate of ethyl acetate and Lewis acid mediated lactamization as the key reactions in ≈42% yield over six steps starting from D-phenylalanine and L-phenylalanine, respectively. The absolute configuration of the natural product was shown to be (4S,5S) by comparing its spectral and analytical data with the reported values.

Inadequacies of the Acquisition Responses of Mental Patients on an FI Schedule

1969 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-729
Author(s):  
L. L. Kroeker ◽  
E. R. Oetting
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
Mental Patient ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Mental Patients ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Normal Controls

Mental illness is defined as a failure of the individual to assess his environment accurately and to respond optimally to environmental contingencies. An experimental operant conditioning laboratory was utilized to assess an individual's ability to develop a new behavior repertoire appropriate to unique stimulus conditions. 15 Ss, 10 mental patients and 5 normal controls, were placed on a FI 1-min. schedule for 40 min. and their acquisition responses analyzed for rate, variability and efficiency. No mental patient performed the task adequately while several normal Ss performed in a highly efficient manner. The most frequent error for mental patients was in the direction of behavioral excess. Diagnostic implications are discussed.

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