Effects of ion source parameters on ion beam energy in mass spectrometry

1990 ◽  
Vol 62 (14) ◽  
pp. 1547-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuangnan. Qian ◽  
Anil. Shukla ◽  
Jean. Futrell
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Source Parameters ◽  
Ion Source

Hypervalent Molecular Cluster: C28H4

2005 ◽  
Vol 494 ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
M. Veljković ◽  
O. Nešković ◽  
A. Djerić ◽  
S. Veličković ◽  
V. Šipka
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Source Parameters ◽  
Carbon Cluster ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Molecular Cluster ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Cluster Source ◽  
The Impact

A growing number of recent publications on clusters reflect a tremendous interest in these particles. These studies reveal new fundamental physical and chemical aspects of matter. Clusters are called the fifth state of matter: liquid, solid, cluster, gas and plasma. In this work, a carbon cluster was generated by a spark cluster source and detected by single focusing mass spectrometer in situ. We examined the effects of cluster source parameters on the generation of carbon cluster and report our initial results. This method should be useful for studying the mechanism of fullerene formation. In the case when carbon clusters generated in plasma arc are carried by the Ar or H2 gas flow downstream through a vacuum chamber to the ion source of mass spectrometer, we obtained a small binary carbon cluster C28H4 (hydrogenated fullerene). The empty fullerene is tetravalent and strongly binds four hydrogen atoms, which significantly weakens two different sets of bonds and leads to an open-shell electronic structure. Conclusion is that endohedral C28H4 are hypervalent. We have demonstrated how in situ mass spectrometry has led to the rapid development of an important branch of synthetic fullerene chemistry that has yielded many new small fullerenes and related derivatives with novel structures and properties. The impact of mass spectrometry on the synthesis of fullerene derivatives is the subject of this paper. Significantly, a large fraction of products could be condensed on a specially designed collection plate, which allows further spectroscopic characterization of new derivatives.

scholarly journals Target Preparation for Continuous Flow Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

Radiocarbon ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Schneider ◽  
J. M. Hayes ◽  
Karl F. Von Reden ◽  
Ann P. McNichol ◽  
T. J. Eglinton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Online Measurement ◽  
Target Preparation ◽  
Practical Limit ◽  
Processing Steps

For very small samples, it is difficult to prepare graphitic targets that will yield a useful and steady sputtered ion beam. Working with materials separated by preparative capillary gas chromatography, we have succeeded with amounts as small as 20 μg C. This seems to be a practical limit, as it involves 1) multiple chromatographic runs with trapping of effluent fractions, 2) recovery and combustion of the fractions, 3) graphitization and 4) compression of the resultant graphite/cobalt matrix into a good sputter target. Through such slow and intricate work, radiocarbon ages of lignin derivatives and hydrocarbons from coastal sediments have been determined. If this could be accomplished as an “online” measurement by flowing the analytes directly into a microwave gas ion source, with a carrier gas, then the number of processing steps could be minimized. Such a system would be useful not just for chromatographic effluents, but for any gaseous material, such as CO2 produced from carbonates. We describe tests using such an ion source.

Ion beam energy effects on structure and properties of diamond like carbon films deposited by closed drift ion source

Vacuum ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 1133-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Š. Meškinis ◽  
V. Kopustinskas ◽  
A. Tamulevičienė ◽  
S. Tamulevičius ◽  
G. Niaura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beam Energy ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Structure And Properties

scholarly journals System for Measuring Emittance Characteristics of Ion Sources

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Beam Energy ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Ion Sources ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Current Profile ◽  
Voltage Amplifier ◽  
Wide Range

The article presents the results of the development of a system for measuring emittance characteristics of ion sources studied at the IAP NAS of Ukraine with the aim of obtaining the ion beams with a high brightness. The emittance measurement system is based on the scheme of an electrostatic scanner and consists of two main parts: the scanner, which moves in the direction perpendicular to the beam axis using a stepper motor, and the electronic system of control, processing and data acquisition. The electronic system contains a Raspberry pi 3B microcomputer, precision DAC/ADCs, the high-voltage amplifier of a scanning voltage up to ±500 V on deflection plates of the scanner and a wide range current integrator. The determination of the emittance consists in measuring the ion beam intensity distribution when the scanner moves along the x-coordinate and the electrostatic scanning along the x´ angle. The obtained two-dimensional data array allows determining the main characteristics of ion beam: geometric 90% emittance, the root mean square (rms) emittance, the Twiss parameters and phase ellipse of rms emittance, the beam current profile and the angle current density distribution. To test the performance and functionality of the system, the emittance characteristics of the penning type ion source were measured. The working gas was helium, and the beam energy varied within 7–15 keV. At 13 keV of beam energy the following emittances of the He+ ions beam was obtained: 90% emittance is 30 π∙mm∙mrad, rms emittance is 8.4 mm∙mrad, and the normalized rms emittance is equal to 0.022 mm∙mrad. The developed system for measuring the emittance of the ion beams is characterized by a short measurement time of 10-15 minutes.

Design of a Compact Negative Metal Ion Beam Source for Surface Studies

1995 ◽  
Vol 396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Park ◽  
Y.W. Ko ◽  
M.H. Sohn ◽  
S.I. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Beam Source

AbstractA compact negative metal ion beam source for direct low energy metal ion beam depositions studies in ultra high vacuum (UHV) environment, has been developed. The ion source is based on SKION's Solid State Ion Beam Technology. The secondary negative metal ion beam is effectively produced by primary cesium positive ion bombardment (negative ion yield varies from 0.1-0.5 for carbon). The beam diameter is in the range of 0.2∼3.0 cm depending on the focusing and ion beam energy. The ion source produces negative ion currents of about 0.8 mA/cm2. The energy spread of the ion beam is less then ±5% of the ion beam energy. The energy of negative metal ion beam can be independently controlled in the range of 10-300 eV. Due to the complete solid state ion technology , the source can be operated while maintaining chamber pressures of less then 10-10 Torr.

scholarly journals Accelerator Mass Spectrometry at High Voltage Engineering Europa (HVEE)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2A) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gottdang ◽  
M Klein ◽  
D J W Mous
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
High Voltage Engineering

In recent years, High Voltage Engineering Europa (HVEE) has demonstrated its capability of developing and installing turnkey accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) equipment for the analysis of, among others, 14C and 129I. Five 3MV systems using sequential and/or simultaneous injection are operational in the field today, and they have shown excellent long-term stability providing high-precision analyses on a routine basis. Another three AMS systems are in production. It is projected that for the time being, AMS will continue to broaden its field of applications; a saturation of the market of AMS facilities is not expected in the near future.To meet the specific demands of the biomedical research community, we have developed an extreme compact 14C AMS system comprising a hybrid ion source capable of handling both graphite as well as CO2 samples. The source is optimized for easy maintenance, accommodates up to 200 samples, and can be implemented in any other AMS system.More recently, HVEE has initiated the development of an AMS system capable of detecting, among others, 36Cl and 41Ca. The design will include a HVEE 5MV Tandetron™. The accelerator is currently under construction as part of an ion beam analysis system for the Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (Spain).

The R&D Activities and Future Plan of 4MW Hot Cathode Ion Source for EAST Neutral Beam Injector

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahong Xie ◽  
Chundong Hu ◽  
Sheng Liu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Yuanlai Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Neutral Beam ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Steady State Operation ◽  
Long Pulse ◽  
Positive Ion

The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) is one of the fully superconducting tokamak, its aim at the long-pulse operation (1000s) to study the physics of steady-state operation for nuclear fusion sciences. In order to support the steady-state operation and physical research, the high power neutral beam injection (NBI) system need to be employed on the EAST for the plasma heating and current driving. According to the scientific study schedule of the EAST, the designed NBI system includes two beam lines which will be constructed in two phases. Each beam line will deliver a deuterium neutral beam with beam energy of 50–80 keV with beam duration of 10–100 s. Each beam line has the maximum beam power of 4MW. The high current ion source is one of the most important parts in the high power NBI. A hot cathode positive ion based source was developed for EAST-NBI, which shown in Fig. 1. The ion source contains a bucket hot cathode arc chamber with 650 mm long, 260 mm width and 300 mm depth. There are 32 hairpin filaments with diamond of 1.5 mm and 160 mm long to supply primary electrons. A tetrode type accelerator with slit type used to extract the ions from the plasma and accelerated to the desired energy. The beam extraction area is 120 mm × 480 mm (can be changed) with beam transmittance of 60 %. The designed beam species is deuterium with beam power of 2–4 MW and beam energy of 50–80 keV and beam pulse length of 10–100 s. The ion source needs to be conditioning before operation on the EAST-NBI. An ion source test bed was designed and developed for the ion source performance tests and the optimization verification. The characteristics of ion source were tested with hydrogen beam, and each ion source should achieve 4MW ion beam with beam energy of 80 keV. The optimum beam perveance and arc efficiency were analyzed too. The optimum beam perveance was 2.8 μp with beam energy of 50 keV and the arc efficiency was 0.55A/kw. Long pulse operation was one of the requests of EAST ion source. The real-time feedback control method was employed and can got stable plasma and ion beam. The beam extraction was tested to achieve 100 s on the test bed. Consider the high power deposited on the calorimeter, the beam was modulated with suitable frequency and duty ratio. When the conditioning finished, the ion sources were moved to the EAST-NBI. The deuterium beam was extracted and injected into the EAST plasma. Details of the performance of positive ion source on the test bed and EAST-NBI will be presented.

scholarly journals 5 YEARS OF ION-LASER INTERACTION MASS SPECTROMETRY—STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF ISOBAR SUPPRESSION IN AMS BY LASERS

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Martin Martschini ◽  
Johannes Lachner ◽  
Karin Hain ◽  
Michael Kern ◽  
Oscar Marchhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Reproducibility Of Results ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Laser Interaction ◽  
Molecular Dissociation ◽  
Additional Element ◽  
Ion Laser ◽  
Reliability And Robustness

ABSTRACT A setup for ion-laser interaction was coupled to the state-of-the-art AMS facility VERA five years ago and its potential and applicability as a new means of isobar suppression in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) has since been explored. Laser photodetachment and molecular dissociation processes of anions provide unprecedented isobar suppression factors of >1010 for several established AMS isotopes like 36Cl or 26Al and give access to new AMS isotopes like 90Sr, 135Cs or 182Hf at a 3-MV-tandem facility. Furthermore, Ion-Laser InterAction Mass Spectrometry has been proven to meet AMS requirements regarding reliability and robustness with a typical reproducibility of results of 3%. The benefits of the technique are in principle available to any AMS machine, irrespective of attainable ion beam energy. Since isobar suppression via this technique is so efficient, there often is no need for any additional element separation in the detection setup and selected nuclides may even become accessible without accelerator at all.

Effects of a dielectric material in an ion source on the ion beam current density and ion beam energy

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 02B930
Author(s):  
Y. Fujiwara ◽  
H. Sakakita ◽  
A. Nakamiya ◽  
Y. Hirano ◽  
S. Kiyama
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
Dielectric Material ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Beam Current Density
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