Linearized model for error-compensated kinetic determinations without prior knowledge of reaction order or rate constant

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (17) ◽  
pp. 1949-1954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan A. Larsson ◽  
Harry L. Pardue
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Linearized Model

scholarly journals REACTION KINETICS OF Cu ELECTRO-DEPOSITION ON THE SURFACE OF TiO2/GRAPHITE

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Fitria Rahmawati ◽  
Wanodya Anggit Mawasthi ◽  
Patiha
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Constant ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Anodic Reaction ◽  
Electro Deposition ◽  
First Order ◽  
Kinetics Of

Research on the kinetics of electrode reaction during copper electro-deposition on the surface of TiO2/graphite has been conducted. The aims of this research are to determine the ratio of anodic reaction rate to cathodic reaction rate , the ratio of anodic rate constant to cathodic rate constant , the equilibrium constant when the reaction reach equilibrium condition and to study the polarization in the electro-deposition reaction. Copper was deposited electrochemically from CuSO4 solution at various concentration i.e. 0.1 M; 0.2 M; 0.3 M; 0.4 M; 0.5 M. In every 5 minutes during electro-deposition process, the pH changes in anode cell was recorded and the change of Cu2+ concentration was also analyzed by spectrophotometric method. The result shows that the reaction order of Cu2+ reduction is first order and the oxidation of H2O in anodic cell is zero order. The ratio of anodic rate constant to cathodic rate constant, is 4.589´10-3 ± 0.071´10‑3. It indicates that the reaction rate  in cathode is larger than the reaction rate in anode and it allowed polarization.  The electrochemical cell reached equilibrium after 25 minutes with the equilibrium constant is 8.188´10-10 ± 1.628´10-10.

scholarly journals Kinetic Study of CaCO3 Precipitation Accelerated by High Voltage Impulse

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Damha Kim ◽  
In-Soung Chang
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Formation Reaction ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Synthetic Solution ◽  
Scale Control

Objectives : Determination of reaction order (n) and rate constants (k) of the CaCO<sub>3</sub> scale formation reaction that was accelerated by the HVI (high voltage impulse) induction.Methods : HVI was inducted to the synthetic solution containing 2.5 mM of Ca<sup>2+</sup> ion at different temperatures of 25, 40, 60℃. The concentration of Ca<sup>2+</sup> ion has been monitored as voltages of the HVI increased from 0 to 5, 10, 15 kV. Reaction order and the rate constants of the CaCO<sub>3</sub> formation reaction were determined with the experimental dataset of Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration vs. time plots.Results and Discussion : The CaCO<sub>3</sub> formation was determined to follow two-molecules 2<sup>nd</sup> order reaction. The reaction rate constant, k increased as temperature and the applied voltages of HVI increased. The rate constant, k at 25℃ and 15 kV of HVI was 8.2×10<sup>-3</sup> L/(mmol･hr), which was 2.7 times greater than the k of the control at 25℃, 3.0×10<sup>-3</sup> L/(mmol･hr).Conclusions : The reaction of CaCO<sub>3</sub> formation was accelerated by HVI as the applied voltages of HVI increased, indicating that the HVI could be used as an alternative desalting technology for scale control.

scholarly journals Hydration Kinetics of Portland Cement–Silica Fume Binary System at Low Temperature

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Li ◽  
Yonggang Deng ◽  
Runqing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Binary System ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Hydration Kinetics ◽  
K Value ◽  
Kinetics Of

Portland cement–silica fume binary cementitious materials are widely used in engineering construction and have been investigated from micro- to macroscopic aspects. However, the theoretical background on the hydration kinetics of the binary system has not been sufficiently covered in the literature. In this study, the hydration dynamic characteristics of the Portland cement–silica fume binary system curing at low temperature were investigated. Hydration kinetics equations were optimized and a hydration model followed by a computer program was developed to calculate the reaction rate constant K and the reaction order n. This model presented that the hydration process of the binary system at low temperature could be divided into three stages, namely, nucleation and growth (NG), interactions at phase boundaries (I), and diffusion (D). The n values for the binary system varied in the range of 1.2 to 1.6, indicating that the hydration of the binary system at low temperature was a complex elementary reaction. Silica fume can reduce the total heat at the later stage of the hydration and the reaction order n, but increase the heat flow at the accelerating stage and the hydration rate constant K. Low temperature prolonged the hydration induction period, decreased and delayed the secondary exothermic peak, as well as reduced the n and K value.

Crystallization Kinetics of CaOx in Artificial Urine and in Saline System

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 708-711
Author(s):  
Lan Qing Deng ◽  
Jun Fa Xue ◽  
Li Kuan ◽  
Jian Ming Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Crystallization Kinetics ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Artificial Urine ◽  
Kinetics Of

The crystallization kinetics of calcium oxalate (CaOx) was comparatively studied by detecting the change of free Ca2+ ions concentration with the reaction time in artificial urine and in saline system. The dynamics equations of CaOx crystallization was r=kcα, and the average reaction order (α) was 3.3 regardless of the relative suprasaturation degree (RS) of CaOx in the range of RS=10.58~17.53. The average reaction rate constant (κ) was (0.97±0.1)×109 in artificial urine and κ=(3.1±1.8)×109 in saline system, due to the presence of inhibitors to CaOx crystallization in artificial urine.

scholarly journals KINETICS STUDY ON NITRATION OF METHYL RICINOLEATE

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Triyono Triyono ◽  
Wega Trisunaryanti ◽  
Winarto Haryadi
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Methyl Ricinoleate ◽  
Kinetics Study ◽  
First Order ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Kinetics Parameter

Kinetics parameter values of methyl ricinoleate nitration (rate constant, reaction order and the rate of reaction) have been determined. Nitration was carried out with both concentrations of HNO3 and acetic anhydride in excess to the concentration of methyl ricinoleate. Thus, the kinetics parameter value was only affected by the concentration of methyl ricinoleate. Based on kinetic study conducted, it could be concluded that the nitration follows pseudo first-order, and the reaction rate for methyl ricinoleate with initial concentration of 0.375, 0.325 and 0.250 M were 3.736 x 10-5, 2.471 x 10-5, and 1.724 x 10-5 M/s respectively, with the rate constant at 28 °C was 6.667 x 10-4 (s-1). Based on evaluation of FTIR spectra could be estimated that the nitration produces compounds containing functional groups of -NO3 and -NO2.

scholarly journals Study on the Size-Dependent Oxidation Reaction Kinetics of Nanosized Zinc Sulfide

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Shan Fu ◽  
Yong-Qiang Xue ◽  
Zi-Xiang Cui ◽  
Ming-Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Apparent Activation Energy ◽  
Zinc Sulfide ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Preexponential Factor ◽  
Surface Entropy

Numerous oxidation problems of nanoparticles are often involved during the preparation and application of nanomaterials. The oxidation rate of nanomaterials is much faster than bulk materials due to nanoeffect. Nanosized zinc sulfide (nano-ZnS) and oxygen were chosen as a reaction system. The influence regularities were discussed and the influence essence was elucidated theoretically. The results indicate that the particle size can remarkably influence the oxidation reaction kinetics. The rate constant and the reaction order increase, while the apparent activation energy and the preexponential factor decrease with the decreasing particle size. Furthermore, the logarithm of rate constant, the apparent activation energy and the logarithm of preexponential factor are linearly related to the reciprocal of particle diameter, respectively. The essence is that the rate constant is influenced by the combined effect of molar surface energy and molar surface entropy, the reaction order by the molar surface area, the apparent activation energy, by the molar surface energy, and the preexponential factor by the molar surface entropy. The influence regularities and essence can provide theoretical guidance to solve the oxidation problems involved in the process of preparation and application of nanomaterials.

Plotting Kinetic Data To Determine Reaction Order and Specific Rate Constant

Science ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 138 (3547) ◽  
pp. 1346-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Mullet ◽  
C. R. Noddings
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Specific Rate Constant
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