Modifier effects in the supercritical fluid extraction of solutes from clay, soil, and plant materials

1993 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 1462-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek M. Fahmy ◽  
Michael E. Paulaitis ◽  
David M. Johnson ◽  
Mary Ellen P. McNally
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Plant Materials

Interiaboratory Evaluation of an Off-Line Supercritical Fluid Extraction/Infrared Spectrometric Method for Determination of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Solid Matrixes

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viorica Lopez-Avila ◽  
Richard Young ◽  
Robert Kim ◽  
Werner F Beckert ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Fourier Transform Ir ◽  
Method Accuracy

Abstract A collaborative study was conducted, with 14 laboratories participating, to determine the method accuracy and precision of the proposed U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Methods 3560 and 8440. These methods involve the extraction of petroleum hydrocarbons from solid matrixes with supercritical carbon dioxide at 340 atm and 80°C for 30 min (dynamic), collection of the extracted materials in tetrachloroethene (Method 3560), and analysis of the extracts by infrared (IR) spectrometry (Method 8440). The study design was based on the AOAC blind replicate design with balanced replicates. The study samples consisted of 4 solid matrixes that had petroleum hydrocarbon contents ranging from 614 to 32 600 mg/kg. Each of the 4 matrixes was extracted in triplicate, and the extracts were analyzed with 2 different IR spectrometers. In addition, each of the participating laboratories extracted a sample of unspiked clay soil, the same clay soil spiked with corn oil and reference oil at 1000 mg/kg each, and the same clay soil wetted to 30% water content and spiked with motor oil at 10 000 mg/kg (the latter 3 samples were extracted only once). Results indicated that the overall method accuracy for concentrations ranging from 614 to 32 600 mg/kg was 82.9%; the mean recoveries of petroleum hydrocarbons for each of the 4 solid matrixes ranged from 77.9 to 107% for analyses performed with the Perkin-Elmer Fourier transform IR spectrometer and from 75.9 to 101% for analyses performed with the Buck-Scientific IR spectrometer; the differences between the 2 instruments on a sample-bysample basis were less than 17% for the total petroleum hydrocarbon determinations. The interiaboratory method precisions (RSDR) appeared to be matrix-dependent and ranged from 17.3 to 45.4% for analyses performed with the Perkin- Elmer Fourier transform IR spectrometer and from 16.7 to 47.9% for the Buck-Scientific IR spectrometer. The intralaboratory method precisions (RSDr) appeared to be less matrix-dependent and ranged from 11.5 to 17.0% for analyses performed with the Perkin-Elmer FTIR spectrometer and from 11.1 to 18.2% for the Buck-Scientific IR spectrometer. Method accuracy and precision data are also presented for the 5 laboratories that used Isco supercritical fluid extraction systems and for the 7 laboratories that used vessels with volumes of 3.5 mL or less with different supercritical fluid extraction systems.

scholarly journals Critical review of supercritical fluid extraction of selected spice plant materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan N. Sovilj* ◽  
Branislava G. Nikolovski ◽  
Momčilo Đ. Spasojević
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Solvent Flow Rate ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Solvent Flow

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is one of the relatively new efficient separation method for the extraction of essential oils from different plant materials. The new products, extracts, can be used as a good base for the production of pharmaceutical drugs and additives in the perfume, cosmetic, and food industries. The aim of this work was to analyze the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-CO2) of oils from the selected spice plant materials. In this paper the process parameters such as pressure, temperature, solvent flow rate, size of grinding materials, and ratio of the co-solvent were presented for the selected spice plant materials: black pepper, caraway, celery, cinnamon, clove, coriander, daphne, fennel, ginger, hyssop, juniper, lavender, oregano, pennyroyal, red pepper, safflower, sage, turmeric, and vanilla. The values of operating conditions were: pressure from 7.5 to 68 MPa, temperature from 293 to 363 K, solvent flow rate from 0.003 to 30.0 kg/h, and diameter of grinding material from 0.17 to 3.90 mm. The global yield and quality of the extracts all of the plant material investigated, as well as the possibility of their application in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries were analyzed. The composition of the extracts was wery complex, and in every case the extract was composed of more than 200 components. All the compounds from the CO2 extracts were classified in the following groups: monoterpene, sesquiterpene, oxygenated monoterpene, and oxygenated sesquiterpene and other hydrocarbon groups. In some of the systems investigated the different mathematical models (Sovová, Hong), which have taken from the literature, were used to correlate the experimental data.

Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Plant Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1624-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Wrona ◽  
Katarzyna Rafińska ◽  
Cezary Możeński ◽  
Bogusław Buszewski
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Material Extraction

Abstract There has been growing interest in the application of supercritical solvents over the last several years, many of the applications industrial in nature. The purpose of plant material extraction is to obtain large amounts of extract rich in the desired active compounds in a time-sensitive and cost-effective manner. The productivity and profitability of a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process largely depends on the selection of process parameters, which are elaborated upon in this paper. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most desirable solvent for the supercritical extraction of natural products. Its near-ambient critical temperature makes it suitable for the extraction of thermolabile components without degradation. A new approach has been adopted for SFE in which the solubility of nonpolar supercritical CO2 can be enhanced by the addition of small amounts of cosolvent.

scholarly journals The Application of Supercritical Fluid Extraction in Phenolic Compounds Isolation from Natural Plant Materials

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Tyśkiewicz ◽  
Marcin Konkol ◽  
Edward Rój
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Environmental Burdens ◽  
Beneficial Approach

The separation of phenolic compounds by supercritical fluid extraction has been widely studied throughout the last two decades. This is evidenced by a number of publications and articles. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has become thus the effective method of separating the mentioned group of compounds. On the other hand, SFE is a beneficial approach in plant waste materials utilization and reduction of environmental burdens caused by the wastes. The aim of the study is to gather and systematize available information on the phenolic compounds separation that have been reported so far as well as to evaluate whether there is one optimal supercritical fluid extraction method for the phenolic compounds.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Natural Bioactive Compounds from Natural Plant Materials

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 3847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascaline Aimee Uwineza ◽  
Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Recent Advances

In this review, recent advances in greener technology for extracting natural bioactive components from plant origin sources are discussed. Bioactive compounds of plant origin have been defined as natural chemical compounds present in small amounts in plants. Researchers have shown interest in extracting bioactive compounds because of their human health benefits and characteristics of being eco-friendly and generally recognized as safe. Various new extraction methods and conventional extraction methods have been developed, however, until now, no unique approach has been presented as a benchmark for extracting natural bioactive compounds from plants. The selectivity and productivity of traditional and modern extraction techniques generally depend on selecting the critical input parameters, knowing the nature of plant-based samples, the structure of bioactive compounds, and good scientific skills. This work aims to discuss the recent advances in supercritical fluid extraction techniques, especially supercritical carbon dioxide, along with the fundamental principles for extracting bioactive compounds from natural plant materials such as herbs, spices, aromatic and medicinal plants.

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