Media Priming Effect: A Preregistered Replication Experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Tetsuro Kobayashi ◽  
Asako Miura ◽  
Kazunori Inamasu
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Television News ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Evening News ◽  
Media Priming ◽  
Replication Experiment ◽  
The Media ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Effects Of Media

AbstractIyengar et al. (1984, The Evening News and Presidential Evaluations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 46(4): 778–87) discovered the media priming effect, positing that by drawing attention to certain issues while ignoring others, television news programs help define the standards by which presidents are evaluated. We conducted a direct replication of Experiment 1 by Iyengar et al. (1984, The Evening News and Presidential Evaluations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 46(4): 778–87) with some changes. Specifically, we (a) collected data from Japanese undergraduates; (b) reduced the number of conditions to two; (c) used news coverage of the issue of relocating US bases in Okinawa as the treatment; (d) measured issue-specific evaluations of the Japanese Prime Minister in the pre-treatment questionnaire; and (e) performed statistical analyses that are more appropriate for testing heterogeneity in the treatment effect. We did not find statistically significant evidence of media priming. Overall, the results suggest that the effects of media priming may be quite sensitive either to the media environment or to differences in populations in which the effect has been examined.

The global television news agencies and their handling of user generated content video from Syria

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen Murrell
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Television News ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Media Ecology ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
International News ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
News Agencies ◽  
The Media ◽  
Global Television

This article examines the role that the global television news agencies play in the handling of user generated content (UGC) video from Syria. In the almost complete absence of independent journalists, Reuters, Associated Press and Agence France-Presse are sourcing citizen videos from YouTube channels and passing it on to their clients. This article examines the verification processes that the agencies undertake to check on the veracity of this material and asks whether the agencies have abandoned independent journalism to activists. This article provides a comparative analysis of two months’ worth of UGC videos from Syria that were broadcast by the global news agencies after Russia joined the bombing campaign in Syria in late 2015. It analyses the content, verification processes and information that the agencies give their clients about this material. Through interviews with senior editors from the three organisations, questions of certainty versus probability are explored, along with ethical arguments about propaganda versus information transparency. The global news agencies are the engine drivers of international news coverage and their decisions and interpretation feed directly into the media ecology of mainstream and then alternative media.

Politicians, the Media, and Negative Perceptions of Trade’s National Effect

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Guisinger
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
National Level ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Economic Knowledge ◽  
Political Campaign ◽  
Evening News ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
Campaign Ads ◽  
The Media

Chapter 7 explores how the framing of trade in public discourse – mass media and political campaigns –supports the disconnect between mass and elite opinion: while academic elites have stressed the benefits of free trade and political elites have supported trade liberalization, the mass public continues to express a negative assessment of trade’s economic impact on the U.S. This chapter describes past and current public beliefs about trade’s effect at the national level and characterizes two common sources of Americans’ economic knowledge – the national media and federal-level political campaigns. Analysis of decades of trade–related evening news coverage, illustrates both the correlation between bad trade indicators and trade coverage and the frequency and tone of evening news coverage. Additionally, the chapter offers qualitative analysis of the content of trade-related political campaign ads as well as two maps showing the concentration of trade-related ads in the 2000 and 2008 elections. This analysis of the content of TV news coverage of stories about international trade and political campaign ads that mention trade makes it clear that the messages communicated to the mass public differ from the academic/elite consensus.

scholarly journals Corrupt politicians? Media priming effects on overtly expressed stereotypes toward politicians

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Arendt ◽  
Franziska Marquart
Keyword(s):  
Priming Effect ◽  
Newspaper Article ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Media Priming ◽  
Implicit Stereotypes ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Corrupt Politician ◽  
The Media ◽  
Stereotype Priming

AbstractThe present study investigates whether or not reading about corrupt politicians influences peoples’ subsequent judgments toward political actors’ supposed corruptness. We expected this media stereotype priming effect to be dependent on pre-existing implicit stereotypes. It was hypothesized that only those participants would show a media priming effect who already have a strong automatic association between ‘politicians’ and ‘corrupt’ in memory prior to reading a further facilitative article (“politicians are corrupt”). Conversely, people who do not have a comparable biased cognitive association should not. Data from an experiment support this hypothesis: We found pre-existing implicit stereotypes to moderate the media priming effect on explicit stereotypes, but only when the newspaper article covered the “corrupt politician” media stereotype with sufficient salience. Furthermore, the experiment showed that antagonistic media primes (“politicians are honest”) did not produce a media priming effect at all. Antagonistic articles were simply not able to prime corruption-related memory traces.

Priming religion: The effects of religious issues in the news coverage on public attitudes towards European integration

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Hinrichsen ◽  
Hajo Boomgaarden ◽  
Claes de Vreese ◽  
Wouter van der Brug ◽  
Sara Binzer Hobolt
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Public Support ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Media Priming ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

AbstractReligion can affect public support for the European Union (EU). However, specifying the circumstances under which religion may become a stronger predictor of EU-support has so far been neglected. This article shows that the media play a role in this process and it is investigated to what extent the presence or absence of references to religious issues in EU news coverage primes people's religious attitudes to contribute to their evaluation of the EU. For this purpose, a content analysis of the amount of religious news items in EU coverage in German and Dutch newspapers between 1997 and 2007 was conducted. Two points in time were chosen — 1998, when only a small amount of religious news items appeared in EU coverage, and 2005, when religious items reached a peak. Eurobarometer data were used to test the media priming proposition. The findings show that an increasing religious dimension in media coverage about the EU primes a linkage between religious and political considerations and thus influences the strength of the impact of religion on attitudes towards the EU.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KOMODIFIKASI KONTRIBUTOR DALAM PRODUKSI BERITA TELEVISI

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Moehammad Gafar Yoedtadi ◽  
Riris Loisa ◽  
Genep Sukendro ◽  
Roswita Oktavianti ◽  
Lusia Savitri Setyo Utami
Keyword(s):  
Television News ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
False Consciousness ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
News Production ◽  
The Public ◽  
Television Broadcasting ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
Broadcasting Industry ◽  
The Media

The pattern of news production in the Indonesian television broadcasting industry generally uses two human resources, namely permanent journalists and temporary journalists. Regular journalists are organic employees of television companies. Meanwhile, journalists who are not permanent or contributors only work under a news sale and purchase contract. They are not the organic employees of the television company. They only get honorarium when the news airs. As a result of such a working relationship, the contributors' bargaining position is very weak in front of the television station management. The coverage and news agenda will follow the tastes of television stations. News coverage that is at risk of not airing will be avoided. As a result, there has been neglect of the ideal function of the media in serving the public interest. Based on the political economy theory of media, there has been a commodification of labor in the television news production process.  The object of this research is the process of commodification of contributors in the production of television news.Meanwhile, the subjects of this study were television contributors, and news producers of Jakarta television stations.Other contributors who became research informants were in West Java and Ambon. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Collecting data using in-depth interviews, observation and literature study. The results showed that there has been a commodification of contributors in the production of television news. Television management exploits contributors. Television management promotes false consciousness among contributors who are unaware of the commodification. Pola produksi berita pada industri penyiaran televisi Indonesia umumnya memanfaatkan dua sumber daya manusia, yakni jurnalis tetap dan jurnalis lepas. Jurnalis tetap adalah karyawan organik dari perusahaan televisi. Sementara jurnalis lepas atau kontributor hanya bekerja berdasarkan kontrak jual beli berita. Mereka bukan karyawan organik perusahaan televisi. Mereka hanya mendapat imbalan honor ketika beritanya ditayangkan. Akibat dari hubungan kerja semacam itu, posisi tawar kontributor sangat lemah dihadapan manajemen stasiun televisi. Agenda peliputan dan berita akan mengikuti selera stasiun televisi. Peliputan berita yang berisiko tidak tayang akan dihindari. Akibatnya terjadi pengabaian fungsi ideal media dalam melayani kepentingan publik. Makalah ini hendak membedah proses komodifikasi kontributor berdasarkan teori ekonomi politik media. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Objek dari penelitian ini adalah proses komodifikasi kontributor dalam produksi berita televisi. Sementara itu subjek dari penelitian ini adalah para kontributor televisi, dan para produser berita stasiun televisi Jakarta. Kontributor lain yang menjadi informan penelitian berada di wilayah Jawa Barat dan Ambon. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan telah terjadi komodifikasi kontributor dalam produksi berita televisi. Manajemen televisi melakukan eksploitasi tenaga kontributor. Manajemen televisi mempromosikan kesadaran palsu kepada para kontributor sehingga tidak menyadari adanya komodifikasi tersebut.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN DRONE PADA PELIPUTAN BERITA TELEVISI (Perspektif Wartawan Televisi Terhadap Etika Peliputan Menggunakan Drone)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Moehammad Gafar Yoedtadi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Television News ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Journalism Ethics ◽  
Television Station ◽  
The Media ◽  
Privacy Issues ◽  
Do So

Saat ini pesawat drone telah menjadi perlengkapan wajib dalam peliputan berita. Pesawat drone memberikan kemudahan dan penghematan bagi media pemberitaan untuk mengambil gambar dengan sudut pengambilan dari angkasa. Dengan drone media massa, terutama televisi dapat memperkaya visual dalam beritanya. Namun dengan segala kelebihannya, penggunaan pesawat drone tetap harus mempertimbangkan etika jurnalistik. Antara lain persoalan privasi dan izin peliputan. Penelitian ini hendak menggali perspektif wartawan terhadap etika jurnalistik ketika melakukan peliputan dengan memanfaatkan pesawat drone. Penelitian ini menggunakan perspektif kualitatif dengan metode fenomenologi. Penelitian ini melibatkan empat orang wartawan drone (drone journalist) dari dua stasiun televisi. Wartawan yang dapat mengemudikan drone belum banyak. Masing-masing televisi hanya memiliki empat orang wartawan. Dari empat wartawan drone, peneliti mengambil partisipan dua orang wartawan drone yang telah bersertifikat dan berpengalaman pada masing-masing televisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua wartawan drone memahami dengan benar etika peliputan menggunakan drone. Tututan tugas untuk mendapatkan gambar yang bagus menyebabkan para wartawan drone terkadang mengabaikan etika peliputan drone. Currently, drones have become a mandatory equipment in news coverage. Drones provide convenience and cost savings for the media to take bird eye pictures. With drones, mass media, especially television can enrich the visual aspect of their news. However, with all its advantages, the use of drones must still consider journalistic ethics such as privacy issues and permission to report among other things. This research is aimed to explore the perspective of journalists toward the journalism ethics on television news coverage using drone technology. This research used qualitative approach with phenomenology method.  This research involved four drone journalists from two television stations. Not many reporters can control a drone, each television station has four journalists who can do so. From the four drone reporters, the researchers took two certified and experienced drone reporters from each television station as participants. The result shows that not all drone reporters are aware about the ethics of drone usage on news coverage.  The demand to obtain good footage causes drone reporters to ignore journalism ethics on drone use.

scholarly journals Battleground States and Local Coverage of American Presidential Campaigns

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-116
Author(s):  
Kerri Milita ◽  
John Barry Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Television News ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Local Newspaper ◽  
Local Media ◽  
Campaign Coverage ◽  
The Media ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Local Angle

Analyses of television news and major newspapers have led to the critique that “the media” ignore the issues in campaigns, which could explain studies that show limited effects for media coverage on knowledge. These studies overlook great variation in the quantity and quality of news coverage in local information environments. Using data collected from local newspaper websites during the 2012 American presidential election, we show the quality and quantity of local news campaign coverage differ substantially between battleground and nonbattleground states. In an effort to differentiate themselves from other news outlets, newspapers in battleground states play up the local angle (e.g., candidate visits), resulting in less attention to issues in their stories. These findings suggest the voters most important to the election outcome (i.e., those in battleground states) may have less information on candidate issue positions available within their local media market.

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