Response of soybean and corn to halauxifen-methyl

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-618
Author(s):  
Jessica Quinn ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Jamshid Ashigh ◽  
David C. Hooker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
No Till ◽  
Lower Biomass

AbstractPreplant (PP) herbicide applications are an important tool within an integrated weed management system, specifically in no-till production. An understanding of crop tolerance regarding PP applications is important for effectively integrating a new herbicide into no-till cropping systems. Twelve field trials (six in corn and six in soybean) were conducted over a 2-yr period (2018 and 2019) near Exeter and Ridgetown, ON. The purpose of these studies was to evaluate the tolerance of soybean and corn to halauxifen-methyl applied PP, PRE, or POST at the registered rate (5 g a.i. ha−1) and twice the registered rate (10 g a.i. ha−1), hereafter referred to as the 1× and 2× rate, respectively. All trials were kept weed-free throughout the growing season to remove the confounding effect of weed interference. Halauxifen-methyl applied 14 d preplant (DPP), 7 DPP, 1 DPP, and 5 d after seeding (DAS) at the 1× and 2× rates caused ≤10% visible soybean injury. In contrast, halauxifen-methyl applied POST (cotyledon–unifoliate stage, VE-VC) caused 67% to 87% visible soybean injury, a 50% to 53% reduction in height, 65% to 81% decrease in population, 56% to 67% lower biomass, and 53% to 63% decline in yield. Halauxifen-methyl applied 10 DPP, 5 DPP, 1 DPP, 5 DAS, and POST (spike–one leaf stage, VE-V1) at the 1× and 2× rate caused ≤3% visible corn injury and caused no effect on corn height or biomass. Halauxifen-methyl applied at VE-V1 at the 2× rate reduced corn yield 10%. Based on these studies, the current application restriction of 7 DPP in soybean and 5 DPP in corn is conservative and could be expanded. Expanding the application window of halauxifen-methyl would increase the utility of this herbicide for producers.

A mowing strategy to convert red clover to annual crops in organic farming

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
The Third ◽  
Annual Crops ◽  
No Till ◽  
Conversion Method ◽  
Weed Emergence

AbstractOrganic producers are interested in no-till cropping systems. In this study, we found that perennial clover can be converted to corn without tillage. Conversion tactics involved fall mowing in the third year of red clover, followed by between-row mowing of weeds and volunteer red clover in corn grown during the fourth year. Corn yielded 85% of the weed-free control with mowing conversion. In contrast, weed interference in tillage-based conversion and between-row tillage reduced corn yield 53%. Weed emergence was sixfold greater in the tilled conversion. Weeds were present in the corn row with mowing, but recently developed implements could control these weeds and further support a no-till conversion method.

Assessment of an Integrated Weed Management System in No-Till Soybean and Corn

Weed Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina M. Snyder ◽  
William S. Curran ◽  
Heather D. Karsten ◽  
Glenna M. Malcolm ◽  
Sjoerd W. Duiker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Management System ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
No Till ◽  
Density And Biomass

The objective of this study was to evaluate weed control, crop yields, potential soil loss, and net returns to management of an integrated weed management system in no-till corn and soybean compared to an herbicide-based strategy. The integrated weed management system reduced herbicide inputs by delayed cover crop termination, herbicide banding, and high-residue cultivation (reduced herbicide [RH]), while the other system used continuous no-tillage and herbicides to control weeds (standard herbicide [SH]). Research was conducted within the Penn State Sustainable Dairy Cropping Systems Experiment, where corn and soybean are each planted once in a 6-yr crop rotation. In this 3-yr study, weed density and biomass were often greater under RH management, but weed biomass never exceeded 19 g m–2in corn and 21 g m–2in soybean. Corn yield and population did not differ in any year, and net returns to management were $33.65 ha–1higher in RH corn due to lower herbicide costs and slightly, though not significantly, higher yields. Soybean yield was lower in RH compared to SH in 2 of 3 yr, and was correlated with soybean population and cover crop residue. Net financial returns were $43.69 ha–1higher in SH soybean compared to RH. Predicted soil loss never exceeded T (maximum allowable soil loss) for any treatment and slope combination, though soil loss was 100% greater on a 10% slope under RH management (vs. SH) due to cultivation.

Vegetable Soybean Tolerance to Bentazon, Fomesafen, Imazamox, Linuron, and Sulfentrazone

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Williams ◽  
Randall L. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Vegetable Soybean ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Crop Tolerance

Poor weed control, resulting from limited herbicide availability and undeveloped integrated weed management systems, is a major hurdle to production of vegetable soybean in the United States. Vegetable soybean, the same species as grain-type soybean, has few registered herbicides because of unknown crop tolerance. Tolerance of as many as 128 vegetable soybean entries to a 2X registered rate of bentazon, fomesafen, imazamox, linuron, and sulfentrazone were quantified within 4 wk after treatment in field trials. Several grain-type soybean entries were included for comparison, including entries with known herbicide tolerance or sensitivity. Injury and seedling growth reduction to all vegetable entries was comparable to all grain-type entries for fomesafen, linuron, and sulfentrazone; and less than all grain-type entries for bentazon and imazamox. Responses of ten of the more widely used vegetable soybean entries were comparable to grain-type entries with known herbicide tolerance. Bentazon, fomesafen, imazamox, linuron, and sulfentrazone pose no greater risk of adverse crop response to vegetable soybean germplasm than the grain-type soybean to which they have been applied for years. Since initiation of this research, fomesafen, imazamox, and linuron are now registered for use on the crop in the United States. Development of integrated weed management systems for vegetable soybean would benefit from additional herbicide registrations.

scholarly journals Critical Period of Weed Control in Aerobic Rice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Anwar ◽  
A. S. Juraimi ◽  
B. Samedani ◽  
A. Puteh ◽  
A. Man
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
View Point ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Economic View

Critical period of weed control is the foundation of integrated weed management and, hence, can be considered the first step to design weed control strategy. To determine critical period of weed control of aerobic rice, field trials were conducted during 2010/2011 at Universiti Putra Malaysia. A quantitative series of treatments comprising two components, (a) increasing duration of weed interference and (b) increasing length of weed-free period, were imposed. Critical period was determined through Logistic and Gompertz equations. Critical period varied between seasons; in main season, it started earlier and lasted longer, as compared to off-season. The onset of the critical period was found relatively stable between seasons, while the end was more variable. Critical period was determined as 7–49 days after seeding in off-season and 7–53 days in main season to achieve 95% of weed-free yield, and 23–40 days in off-season and 21–43 days in main season to achieve 90% of weed-free yield. Since 5% yield loss level is not practical from economic view point, a 10% yield loss may be considered excellent from economic view point. Therefore, aerobic rice should be kept weed-free during 21–43 days for better yield and higher economic return.

EXP 31130A Efficacy and Corn (Zea mays) Response in Western Kansas

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick W. Geier ◽  
Phillip W. Stahlman
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
No Till ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Tillage System

Field experiments were conducted over 3 yr at two locations in northwest Kansas to evaluate the efficacy and crop tolerance of EXP 31130A alone and with other herbicides in corn. EXP 31130A alone and in combination with acetochlor, atrazine, or metolachlor controlled kochia and redroot pigweed 93% or greater regardless of location, year, or tillage system. Green foxtail control in 1997 and 1998 was > 90% with EXP 31130A in combination with chloroacetamide herbicides but varied among experiments with EXP 31130A alone. Control of puncturevine with EXP 31130A alone or in tank mixtures was 75% or greater at five of six sites. EXP 31130A alone and in combinations caused minor, early-season, corn leaf bleaching and/or stunting under conventional tillage. However, no injury was detected in no-till systems. In 1996, no-till corn receiving EXP 31130A treatments yielded similarly or up to 29% more than hand-weeded corn. Yields did not differ among treated, untreated, and hand-weeded corn in 1996 under conventional tillage, where weed interference was not as intense as under no-till conditions. Conventional-tillage corn receiving EXP 31130A alone or in tank mixtures in 1997 yielded similarly to hand-weeded corn. Averaged over experiments, corn yield in 1998 increased by 10 to 18% with applications of EXP 31130A alone or in combinations compared to untreated corn.

scholarly journals Integrated weed management with reduced herbicides in a no‐till dairy rotation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haleigh Summers ◽  
Heather D. Karsten ◽  
William Curran ◽  
Glenna M. Malcolm
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
No Till

Effects of Tillage and Mulch on Weed Biomass and Sweet Corn Yield

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Mohler
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Living Mulch ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
No Till

Sweet corn was grown with a living mulch of white clover, a dead mulch of rye, and without mulch, in both till and no-till conditions. Unplanted controls were also included in the experimental design. Corn yields were highest in clover treatments early in the experiment but lowest in later years. The declining yields in the clover living mulch were related to the strip application of glyphosate which allowed establishment of perennial and biennial weeds, notably dandelion and horseweed. These overwintering weeds apparently prevented effective control of summer annuals, especially redroot pigweed, common lambsquarters and large crabgrass, by atrazine and metolachlor. Presence of a rye mulch decreased weed biomass and had no detrimental effect on corn yield. In general, corn yield was not affected by tillage, although the number of marketable ears was reduced in the no-till treatments during the drought year of 1988. The much greater weed biomass in the unplanted control treatments showed the importance of crop competition for weed control in sweet corn cropping systems.

scholarly journals The Critical Period for Weed Control (CPWC) in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dogan ISIK ◽  
Adem AKCA ◽  
Emine KAYA ALTOP ◽  
Nihat TURSUN ◽  
Husrev MENNAN
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Weed Interference

Accurate assessment of crop-weed control period is an essential part for planning an effective weed management for cropping systems. Field experiments were conducted during the seasonal growing periods of potato in 2012 and 2013 in Kayseri, Turkey to assess critical period for weed control (CPWC) in potato. A four parameter log-logistic model was used to assist in monitoring and analysing two sets of related, relative crop yield. Data was obtained during the periods of increased weed interference and as a comparison, during weed-free periods. In both years, the relative yield of potato decreased with a longer period of weed-interference whereas increased with increasing length of weed free period. In 2012, the CPWC ranged from 112 to 1014 GDD (Growing Degree Days) which corresponded to 8 to 66 days after crop emergence (DAE) and between 135-958 GDD (10 to 63 DAE) in the following year based on a 5% acceptable yield loss. Weed-free conditions needed to be established as early as the first week after crop emergence and maintained as late as ten weeks after crop emergence to avoid more than 5% yield loss in the potato. The results suggest that CPWC could well assist potato producers to significantly reduce the expense of their weed management programs as well as improving its efficacy.

scholarly journals Key Aspects on the Biology, Ecology and Impacts of Johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers] and the Role of Glyphosate and Non-Chemical Alternative Practices for the Management of This Weed in Europe

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travlos ◽  
Montull ◽  
Kukorelli ◽  
Malidza ◽  
Dogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Alternative Practices

Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers is a common and noxious worldwide weed of increasing distribution in many European countries. In the present review, information on the biology, ecology, agricultural, economic and environmental impact of johnsongrass is given, and the current status of this weed in Europe is discussed. Furthermore, special attention is given to the important role of field trials using glyphosate to control weeds in arable and perennial crops in many European countries. Some of the factors which affect control efficacy and should be taken into account are also discussed. Finally, several non-chemical alternative methods (cultural, mechanical, thermal, biological, etc.) for johnsongrass management are also presented. The adoption of integrated weed management (IWM) techniques such as glyphosate use, crop rotation, and deep tillage is strongly recommended to control plant species that originate from both seed and rhizomes.

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