The SNP-Based Heritability — A Commentary on Yang et al. (2010)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
Jian Yang
Keyword(s):  
Human Genetics ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Missing Heritability ◽  
Missing Heritability Problem

AbstractI write this commentary as a part of a special issue published in this journal to celebrate Nick Martin’s contribution to the field of human genetics. In this commentary, I briefly describe the background of the Yang et al. (2010) study and show some of the unpublished details of this study, its contribution to tackling the missing heritability problem and Nick’s contribution to the work.

scholarly journals Symposium in Honor of Irving I. Gottesman (December 29, 1930–June 29, 2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Segal
Keyword(s):  
International Society ◽  
Human Genetics ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
To Come ◽  
Personal Reflections ◽  
Academic Positions

The June 2016 death of our esteemed colleague, Dr Irving I. Gottesman, was felt as an extreme loss at so many levels by colleagues, students, friends, and family across the globe. Irv's stellar contributions to the field of twin research will continue to be remembered and cited for many years to come. In commemoration of his life and work, I organized a symposium at the 16th meeting of the International Society for Twin Studies, held in Madrid, Spain, November 16–18, 2017. The panelists included mostly former students, as well as colleagues, who presented their scientific research and personal remarks reflecting Irv's profound influence in shaping their lives and careers. A chronology of Irv's academic positions and honors is included in the introduction to this special issue of Twin Research and Human Genetics, followed by brief sketches of the panel participants; their scholarly papers and personal reflections follow.

scholarly journals Solving the missing heritability problem

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e1008222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Young
Keyword(s):  
Missing Heritability ◽  
Missing Heritability Problem

scholarly journals Addressing the Missing Heritability Problem With the Help of Regulatory Features

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117693431986086
Author(s):  
Shan-Shan Dong ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Tie-Lin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Complex Diseases ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Susceptibility Loci ◽  
Missing Heritability ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Missing Heritability Problem

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have successfully identified thousands of susceptibility loci for human complex diseases. However, missing heritability is still a challenging problem. Considering most GWAS loci are located in regulatory elements, we recently developed a pipeline named functional disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) prediction (FDSP), to predict novel susceptibility loci for complex diseases based on the interpretation of regulatory features and published GWAS results with machine learning. When applied to type 2 diabetes and hypertension, the predicted susceptibility loci by FDSP were proved to be capable of explaining additional heritability. In addition, potential target genes of the predicted positive SNPs were significantly enriched in disease-related pathways. Our results suggested that taking regulatory features into consideration might be a useful way to address the missing heritability problem. We hope FDSP could offer help for the identification of novel susceptibility loci for complex diseases.

scholarly journals The Human Microbiome and the Missing Heritability Problem

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Sandoval-Motta ◽  
Maximino Aldana ◽  
Esperanza Martínez-Romero ◽  
Alejandro Frank
Keyword(s):  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Missing Heritability ◽  
Missing Heritability Problem

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction Methods for Detecting Gene-Gene Interactions with the Survival Phenotype

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungyeoun Lee ◽  
Yongkang Kim ◽  
Min-Seok Kwon ◽  
Taesung Park
Keyword(s):  
Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Gene Interactions ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Missing Heritability ◽  
Analytical Strategy ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Missing Heritability Problem

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have extensively analyzed single SNP effects on a wide variety of common and complex diseases and found many genetic variants associated with diseases. However, there is still a large portion of the genetic variants left unexplained. This missing heritability problem might be due to the analytical strategy that limits analyses to only single SNPs. One of possible approaches to the missing heritability problem is to consider identifying multi-SNP effects or gene-gene interactions. The multifactor dimensionality reduction method has been widely used to detect gene-gene interactions based on the constructive induction by classifying high-dimensional genotype combinations into one-dimensional variable with two attributes of high risk and low risk for the case-control study. Many modifications of MDR have been proposed and also extended to the survival phenotype. In this study, we propose several extensions of MDR for the survival phenotype and compare the proposed extensions with earlier MDR through comprehensive simulation studies.

scholarly journals A novel sibling-based design to quantify genetic and shared environmental effects: application to drug abuse, alcohol use disorder and criminal behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1639-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Kendler ◽  
H. Ohlsson ◽  
A. C. Edwards ◽  
P. Lichtenstein ◽  
K. Sundquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Missing Heritability ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Missing Heritability Problem ◽  
Half Sibling

BackgroundTwin studies have been criticized for upwardly biased estimates that might contribute to the missing heritability problem.MethodWe identified, from the general Swedish population born 1960–1990, informative sibships containing a proband, one reared-together full- or half-sibling and a full-, step- or half-sibling with varying degrees of childhood cohabitation with the proband. Estimates of genetic, shared and individual specific environment for drug abuse (DA), alcohol use disorder (AUD) and criminal behavior (CB), assessed from medical, legal or pharmacy registries, were obtained using Mplus.ResultsAggregate estimates of additive genetic effects for DA, AUD and CB obtained separately in males and females varied from 0.46 to 0.73 and agreed with those obtained from monozygotic and dizygotic twins from the same population. Of 54 heritability estimates from individual classes of informative sibling trios (3 syndromes × 9 classes of trios × 2 sexes), heritability estimates from the siblings were lower, tied and higher than those from obtained from twins in 26, one and 27 comparisons, respectively. By contrast, of 54 shared environmental estimates, 33 were lower than those found in twins, one tied and 20 were higher.ConclusionsWith adequate information, human populations can provide many methods for estimating genetic and shared environmental effects. For the three externalizing syndromes examined, concerns that heritability estimates from twin studies are upwardly biased or were not generalizable to more typical kinds of siblings were not supported. Overestimation of heritability from twin studies is not a likely explanation for the missing heritability problem.

An Update on Longitudinal Twin and Family Studies

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meike Bartels
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Behavior Genetics ◽  
Human Genetics ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Family Studies ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Regular Time ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Age Cohort

AbstractWith the development of large twin-family registers worldwide (see the December 2006 issue of Twin Research and Human Genetics for an overview) new options for research projects become feasible, including longitudinal studies. In this special issue on Longitudinal Twin and Family Studies, several aspects of longitudinal research are highlighted and an overview of results is given from European, Australian and United States twin studies. These studies deal with a time span from birth to adulthood and a wide range of phenotypes is covered. Data collection in some studies is age/cohort driven; in others, subjects are followed from different ages at regular time intervals. Most studies are based on data collection in twins, but adoption and parent–offspring data designs are described as well. The overview of results of current longitudinal projects makes this special issue a reference resource for longitudinal research in developmental behavior genetics.

scholarly journals Central and Eastern European Special Issue

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levente Littvay ◽  
Julia Métneki ◽  
Ádám D. Tárnoki ◽  
Dávid L. Tárnoki
Keyword(s):  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Human Genetics ◽  
Eastern European Country ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
World Congress ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

From November 16–19, 2014, twin researchers of the world will descend on the lovely city of Budapest, Hungary for the 3rd World Congress on Twin Pregnancy, held in conjunction with the 15th Congress of the International Society of Twin Studies (ISTS). It is the first time a Central and Eastern European country will host the congress. On this occasion, we were honored by the request from the editor of Twin Research and Human Genetics, Nick Martin, to put together a special issue highlighting twin research conducted in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE).

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