scholarly journals Heritability of Children's Dietary Intakes: A Population-Based Twin Study in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 472-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Li ◽  
Huijuan Liu ◽  
Terri H. Beaty ◽  
Hua Chen ◽  
Benjamin Caballero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Genetic Influence ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Fast Foods

Background: Despite evidence for some genetic control of dietary intake in adults, there is little evidence of how genetic factors influence children's dietary patterns. Objective: To estimate heritability of dietary intake in twin children from China and test if genetic effects on dietary intakes vary by the children's socio-economic status (SES). Methods: A sample of 622 twins (162 monozygotic and 149 dizygotic pairs; 298 boys and 324 girls aged 7–15 years) was recruited in South China. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated 145-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Pooled and sex-specific dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis. Heritability was estimated using structural equation models. Results: Heritable components differed by gender and for nutrients and food groups; and estimated heritability of dietary patterns was generally greater in girls than boys. In boys, estimated heritabilities ranged from 18.8% (zinc) to 58.4% (fat) for nutrients; and for food group, 1.1% (Western fast foods) to 65.8% (soft drinks). In girls, these estimates ranged from 5.1% (total energy) to 38.7% (percentage of energy from fat) for nutrients, and 12.6% (eggs) to 94.6% (Western fast foods) for food groups. Factor analysis identified five food patterns: vegetables and fruits, fried and fast foods, beverages, snacks and meats. Maternal education and family income were positively associated with higher heritabilities for intake of meat, fried, and fast food. Conclusions: Genetic influence on dietary intakes differed by gender, nutrients, food groups, and dietary patterns among Chinese twins. Parental SES characteristics modified the estimated genetic influence.

scholarly journals Empirically derived major dietary patterns and their associations with overweight in Korean preschool children

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Ok Shin ◽  
Se-Young Oh ◽  
Hyun Suh Park
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Fast Foods ◽  
Usual Diet ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Prevailing dietary patterns and their association with nutritional outcomes are poorly understood, particularly for children in Korea. Our purposes were to identify major dietary patterns and to examine their associations with overweight among young children in Korea. For 1441 preschool children, usual diet was assessed by a FFQ, from which thirty-three food groups were created and entered into a factor analysis. We identified three dietary patterns by relative intake frequency of (1) vegetables, seaweeds, beans, fruits, milk and dairy products (Korean healthy pattern); (2) beef, pork, poultry, fish and fast foods (animal foods pattern); and (3) ice cream, soda, chocolate, cookies and candies (sweets pattern). The Korean healthy pattern was associated with better health status. As compared with the lowest quintile, the multivariate-adjusted OR of the highest quintile for health status inferior or similar to their peers was 0·59 (95 % CI 0·42, 0·84). Likelihood of being overweight was higher among those in the highest quintile (OR 1·77 (95 % CI 1·06, 2·94)) v. the lowest quintile regarding the animal foods pattern. These findings suggest that major dietary patterns are predictors of overweight and health status in Korean preschool children.

scholarly journals Reproducibility of dietary intakes of macronutrients, specific food groups, and dietary patterns in 211 050 adults in the UK Biobank study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Carter ◽  
Sarah Lewington ◽  
Carmen Piernas ◽  
Kathryn Bradbury ◽  
Timothy J. Key ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
The Uk

Abstract To detect modest associations of dietary intake with disease risk, observational studies need to be large and control for moderate measurement errors. The reproducibility of dietary intakes of macronutrients, food groups and dietary patterns (vegetarian and Mediterranean) was assessed in adults in the UK Biobank study on up to five occasions using a web-based 24-h dietary assessment (n 211 050), and using short FFQ recorded at baseline (n 502 655) and after 4 years (n 20 346). When the means of two 24-h assessments were used, the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) for macronutrients varied from 0·63 for alcohol to 0·36 for polyunsaturated fat. The ICC for food groups also varied from 0·68 for fruit to 0·18 for fish. The ICC for the FFQ varied from 0·66 for meat and fruit to 0·48 for bread and cereals. The reproducibility was higher for vegetarian status (κ > 0·80) than for the Mediterranean dietary pattern (ICC = 0·45). Overall, the reproducibility of pairs of 24-h dietary assessments and single FFQ used in the UK Biobank were comparable with results of previous prospective studies using conventional methods. Analyses of diet–disease relationships need to correct for both measurement error and within-person variability in dietary intake in order to reliably assess any such associations with disease in the UK Biobank.

scholarly journals Comparison of children's dietary intake patterns with US dietary guidelines

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. Brady ◽  
Christine H. Lindquist ◽  
Sara L. Herd ◽  
Michael I. Goran
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
American Children

Monitoring dietary intake patterns among children is important in order to explore and prevent the onset of adult health problems. The aim of the present study was to compare children's dietary intakes with national recommendations and to determine whether sex or ethnic differences were evident. This was done using a methodology that allows assessment of intake from the major components of the Food Guide Pyramid developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA: ). The sample studied included 110 African-American and Caucasian males and females (mean age 9·9 years, BMI 20·1 kg/m2) from Birmingham, AL, USA, who were participating in a study investigating the development of obesity. Dietary data were based on three 24 h recalls and food group intake was determined using the USDA Pyramid Servicing Database. The results indicated that a high percentage of subjects failed to meet the recommended number of servings from each of the food groups. For example, only 5 % and 9 % met fruit and dietary group recommendations respectively. Consumption of foods from the Pyramid ‘tip’ (including discretionary fat and added sugar) contributed almost 50 % of the diet. African-Americans were more likely to meet requirements for the meat group, with a higher proportion of Caucasians meeting dietary recommendations. Males were more likely to meet the vegetable group guidelines although females consumed more energy per day from discretionary fat. In conclusion, these results suggest that implementation of nutrition education programmes may be important for promoting healthy nutrition among American children.

scholarly journals “I feel like eating rice 24 hours per day, 7 days a week”: A Study of Dietary Diversity Among Asylum Seekers in Norway (OR21-06-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrun Henjum ◽  
Laura Terragni
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Adequate Food

Abstract Objectives Poor nutrition and food insecurity is highly prevalent among asylum seekers residing in western countries. Lack of economic resources, unfamiliarity with new foods, and language barriers are some challenges that asylum seekers encounter upon resettlement. Despite the importance of an adequate diet for good health, limited knowledge, exist on food intake and dietary quality among asylum seekers. We described dietary intake and assessed dietary quality among asylum seekers at Norwegian reception centers. Methods In 2017, a cross-sectional study in eight ordinary asylum reception centers in the South Eastern part of Norway were performed and 205 asylum seekers (131 men and 74 women) were included. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-hour dietary recall and dietary diversity score (DDS) calculated according to FAO and FANTA, 2014. In addition, field notes of the asylum seekers thoughts on dietary intake and living condition provided contextual aspects of their nutritional situation. Results Two-third of the asylum seekers had dietary intakes with low quality; they ate from less than five food groups (low DDS). The asylum seekers ate in average two meals per day and one-third ate their first meal after noon. Meals tend to consist of food that was familiar in their country of origin. Women had significantly higher DDS than men with a higher consumption of vegetables and fruits. Asylum seekers residing in Norway for a longer time had a higher dietary diversity, than asylum seekers with a shorter stay. Most asylum seekers told about a reduced dietary intake, few meals and by the end of the month, hunger. They chose the cheapest food, food on sale or food that had expired and chose quantity over quality. The kitchen facilities at the reception centers were inadequate with limited storage place, low quality of the cooking equipment and crowded kitchen. Conclusions The asylum seekers had a monotonous diet with few meals, in contrast to the food abundance that most Norwegian are accustomed to, revealing, the emergence of new groups and new forms of poverty and social exclusion also in rich countries with otherwise good welfare state systems. The situation appear particularly critical given Norway's commitment through the United Nations (UN) International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights to ensure human rights such as the right to adequate food and health. Funding Sources The study was funded by Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway.

Unhealthy dietary patterns are related to low ceruloplasmin in female nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 166 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-311
Author(s):  
Karolin Abashzadeh ◽  
M Abshirini ◽  
F Siassi ◽  
M Qorbani ◽  
F Koohdani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Female Nurses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background and objectiveFew studies have examined the relationship between dietary patterns and antioxidant status. We aimed to explore the association between major dietary patterns and oxidative stress biomarkers including serum protein carbonyl (PC), ceruloplasmin and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).MethodIn this cross-sectional study, we randomly selected 320 female nurses aged 20–45 years. General information of participants was collected by trained interviewers. Their weight and height were measured and dietary intakes were determined by the 147-food-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis of yielding 25 food groups. In this study, 90 subjects were randomly selected from all participants with serum levels of PC, ceruloplasmin and TAC measured further. To determine the association between dietary patterns’ score and oxidative stress biomarkers, multiple linear regression analysis was conducted.ResultsThree dietary patterns were derived: healthy, unhealthy and traditional. After adjusting for several confounding factors, the unhealthy dietary pattern was inversely related to the serum concentration of ceruloplasmin and PC (p<0.05). The relationship between other dietary patterns and antioxidant biomarkers was not significant.ConclusionsAccording to the results of this study, unhealthy dietary patterns may have an adverse effect on serum ceruloplasmin.

scholarly journals Reproducibility and Validity of A Posteriori Dietary Patterns: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Edefonti ◽  
Roberta De Vito ◽  
Michela Dalmartello ◽  
Linia Patel ◽  
Andrea Salvatori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Research Question ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Statistical Solutions

ABSTRACT The effective use of dietary patterns (DPs) remains limited. There is a need to assess their consistency over multiple administrations of the same dietary source, different dietary sources, or across different studies. Similarly, their generalizability should be based on a previous assessment of DP construct validity. However, to date, no systematic reviews of reproducibility and validity of a posteriori DPs have been carried out. In addition, several methodological questions related to their identification are still open and prevent a fair comparison of epidemiological results on DPs and disease. A systematic review of the literature on the PubMed database was conducted. We identified 218 articles, 64 of which met the inclusion criteria. Of these, the 38 articles dealing with reproducibility and relative and construct validity of DPs were included. These articles (published in 1999–2017, 53% from 2010 onwards) were based on observational studies conducted worldwide. The 14 articles that assessed DP reproducibility across different statistical solutions examined different research questions. Included were: the number of food groups or subjects; input variable format (as well as adjustment for energy intake); algorithms and the number of DPs to retain in cluster analysis; rotation method; and score calculation in factor analysis. However, we identified at most 3 articles per research question on DP reproducibility across statistical solutions. From another 15 articles, reproducibility of DPs over shorter (≤1 y) time periods was generally good and higher than DP relative validity (as measured across different dietary sources). Confirmatory factor analysis was used in 15 of the included articles. It provided reassuring results in identifying valid dietary constructs characterizing the populations under consideration. Based on the available evidence, only suggestive conclusions can be derived on reproducibility across different statistical solutions. Nevertheless, most identified DPs showed good reproducibility, fair relative validity, and good construct validity.

scholarly journals Longitudinal comparisons of dietary patterns derived by cluster analysis in 7- to 13-year-old children

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (11) ◽  
pp. 2050-2058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Northstone ◽  
Andrew D. A. C. Smith ◽  
P. K. Newby ◽  
Pauline M. Emmett
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Time Point

Little is known about changes in dietary patterns over time. The present study aims to derive dietary patterns using cluster analysis at three ages in children and track these patterns over time. In all, 3 d diet diaries were completed for children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children at 7, 10 and 13 years. Children were grouped based on the similarities between average weight consumed (g/d) of sixty-two food groups using k-means cluster analysis. A total of four clusters were obtained at each age, with very similar patterns being described at each time point: Processed (high consumption of processed foods, chips and soft drinks), Healthy (high consumption of high-fibre bread, fruit, vegetables and water), Traditional (high consumption of meat, potatoes and vegetables) and Packed Lunch (high consumption of white bread, sandwich fillings and snacks). The number of children remaining in the same cluster at different ages was reasonably high: 50 and 43 % of children in the Healthy and Processed clusters, respectively, at age 7 years were in the same clusters at age 13 years. Maternal education was the strongest predictor of remaining in the Healthy cluster at each time point – children whose mothers had the highest level of education were nine times more likely to remain in that cluster compared to those with the lowest. Cluster analysis provides a simple way of examining changes in dietary patterns over time, and similar underlying patterns of diet at two ages during late childhood, that persisted through to early adolescence.

scholarly journals Relative validity of dietary patterns derived from a self-administered diet history questionnaire using factor analysis among Japanese adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1080-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Okubo ◽  
Kentaro Murakami ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki ◽  
Mi Kyung Kim ◽  
Naoko Hirota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
Diet History Questionnaire ◽  
Diet History

AbstractObjectiveAlthough dietary pattern approaches derived from dietary assessment questionnaires are widely used, only a few studies in Western countries have reported the validity of this approach. We examined the relative validity of dietary patterns derived from a self-administered diet history questionnaire (DHQ) among Japanese adults.DesignThe DHQ, assessing diet during the preceding month, and 4 d dietary records (DR) were collected in each season over one year. To derive dietary patterns, 145 food items in the DHQ and 1259 in the DR were classified into thirty-three predefined food groups, and entered into a factor analysis.SettingThree areas in Japan; Osaka (urban), Nagano (rural inland) and Tottori (rural coastal).SubjectsA total of ninety-two Japanese women and ninety-two Japanese men aged 31–76 years.ResultsWe identified three dietary patterns (‘healthy’, ‘Western’ and ‘Japanese traditional’) in women and two (‘healthy’ and ‘Western’) in men, which showed a relatively similar direction and magnitude of factor loadings of food groups across the first and mean of four DHQ (DHQ1 and mDHQ, respectively) and 16 d DR. The Pearson correlation coefficients between DHQ1 and 16 d DR for the healthy, Western and Japanese traditional patterns in women were 0·57, 0·36 and 0·44, and for the healthy and Western patterns in men were 0·62 and 0·56, respectively. When mDHQ was examined, the correlation coefficients improved for women (0·45–0·69).ConclusionsDietary patterns derived from the DHQ could be used for epidemiological studies as surrogates of those derived from DR.

scholarly journals Canadians’ Dietary Intake from 2007 to 2011 and across Different Sociodemographic/Lifestyle Factors Using the Canadian Health Measures Survey Cycles 1 and 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Hosseini ◽  
Susan J. Whiting ◽  
Hassan Vatanparast
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Objective Health ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Canadian Health Measures Survey

Background. Nutrition is an important factor that impacts health, yet in Canada, there have been only a few surveys reflecting dietary intakes. The Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) is a national survey that includes both food intake data as targeted questions and objective health measures. The aim of this research was to determine how food group intake data reported in CHMS is related to food group intakes from Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) (2004). A secondary objective was to examine the dietary status of Canadians across sociodemographic levels. Methods. The CHMS Cycles 1 and 2 food group intake data (meat and alternatives; milk products; grains; vegetables and fruits; dietary fat consumption; and beverages) of Canadians (6–79 years, n=11,387) were descriptively compared to previously reported intake of Canadians from CCHS 2.2 in 2004. Further, Canadians’ food intakes were assessed across sociodemographic characteristics. Results. The CHMS dietary intake data from vegetables and fruits and from milk products groups were similar to the dietary intake reported from CCHS 2.2. For the other food groups, the difference in intakes suggested CHMS data by FFQ were not complete. However, similar patterns in food intakes with regards to age/sex and income were observed in both surveys. Conclusion. Not all food groups measured in CHMS provide complete dietary intake data as compared to CCHS 2.2, yet CHMS food group intakes provide valuable information when it comes to evaluating dietary intake across different population groups.

scholarly journals Food Involvement, Eating Restrictions and Dietary Patterns in Polish Adults: Expected Effects of Their Relationships (LifeStyle Study)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Jezewska-Zychowicz ◽  
Jerzy Gębski ◽  
Milena Kobylińska
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Fast Foods ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Food Involvement

Understanding the factors that coexist with healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors is prevalent and important for public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between food involvement, eating restrictions, and dietary patterns in a representative sample of Polish adults. The study was conducted among a group of 1007 adults. Questions with the answers yes or no were used to obtain the data regarding eating restrictions. Data relating to food involvement were obtained with the Food Involvement Scale (FIS). Questions from the Beliefs and Eating Habits questionnaire were used to measure the frequency of consumption of different food groups. Five dietary patterns (DPs) were derived using principal component analysis (PCA), i.e., ‘Fruit and vegetables’, ‘Wholemeal food’, ‘Fast foods and sweets’, ‘Fruit and vegetable juices’ and “Meat and meat products’. In each of the DPs, three groups of participants were identified based on tertile distribution with the upper tertile denoting the most frequent consumption. Nearly two-thirds of the study sample declared some restrictions in food consumption. The probability of implementing restrictions in consumption of foods high in sugar, fat and high-fat foods increased in the upper tertile of ‘Fruit and vegetables’ and ‘Wholemeal’ DPs. Moreover, the probability of implementing restrictions in consumption of meat and high-starch products increased in ‘Wholemeal’ DP. The probability of using eating restrictions decreased in the upper tertile of ‘Fast foods and sweets’ and Meat and meat products’ DPs. In conclusion, individuals characterized by high food involvement were more inclined to use eating restrictions than individuals with lower food involvement. Their DPs were also healthier compared to those of individuals manifesting low food involvement. Therefore, promoting personal commitment to learning about and experiencing food may be an effective way of inducing a change of eating habits, and therefore a healthier diet.

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