scholarly journals Twin Classics: Research That Always Inspires/Twin Studies: Elder Twin Relationships; Superfecundated Twinning in Chimpanzees; Conjoined Twinning and Embryo Transfer; Reduced Frequency of In Vitro Multiples/Professional and Human Interest: First Identical Twin Renal Transplant; Identical Triplet Wedding; Spanakos Twins: Boxers; Twins in Space; Political Twins

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Segal

Ten classic works in twin research are described. These volumes are rich in data, interpretation, and impact, and contain life history material that adds depth and dimension to the quantitative findings. Next, research on social relationships in older twins, superfecundated twinning in chimpanzees; effects of embryo transfer on conjoined twinning and the reduced frequency of in vitro multiples is reviewed. Finally, there has been considerable public interest surrounding the first identical twin renal transplant, an identical triplet wedding; identical twin boxers, a twin living in space, and a politically active twin pair.

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-593
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Segal

The 2016 Satellite Meeting of the International Society of Twin Studies took place on June 20 in Brisbane, Australia. The host institution was the QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute. An overview of selected presentations and activities is provided. This synopsis is followed by a brief tribute to the recent passing of our esteemed colleague, Dr Irving I. Gottesman. Next, there are summaries of research on monozygotic twinning after single embryo transfer, a twin study of mononucleosis susceptibility, cerebral injury following twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome surgery, and a correction and clarification regarding an article by Segal (2016) on the Brazilian Twin Registry. Human interest articles cover a hospital whose 2015 newborns included 16 pairs of twins born in 1 month, the death of an identical twin playwright, twin themes in advertising, conjoined twins separated in Saudi Arabia, and the dismissed charges of the murder of one twin by her co-twin.


Author(s):  
I. F. Gorlov ◽  
A. A. Mosolov ◽  
G. V. Komlatskiy ◽  
M. A. Nesterenko ◽  
K. D. Nimbona ◽  
...  

The article presents materials on the study of the possibility of reproduction and increase in the herd of highly productive cows through the use of embryo transplantation technology. The classical (in vivo) and more modern, developing (in vitro) methods of embryotransfer, their positive and negative sides are considered in detail. The possibility of accelerating the breeding process by using the method of transplantation, in which from one cow can be obtained from 10 to 100 calves, which will allow for 4-5 years, almost any herd (of any size and breed) with the help of biotechnology to turn into a cattle-breeding enterprise of the most modern level. At the same time, heifers obtained from unproductive cows can be used as "surrogate" mothers who are transplanted with the best donor embryos, which allows to obtain a full-fledged offspring adapted to local environmental conditions. A detailed scheme of obtaining, evaluation, storage, as well as the cost and economic effect of embryo transplantation was calculated, the market was evaluated, the required annual volume of transplants and the number of donor cows for large livestock farms were determined. As a positive example of "Scientific-production enterprise "Centre of biotechnology and embryo transfer" in 2014, implemented a project for accelerated replacement and genetic improvement of the dairy herd, engraftment averaged 57-69%, and the economic effect of the enterprise from getting a single animal by the method of embryo transfer, compared with imports of similar close in quality, ranged from 60 to 100 thousand rubles on his head. It is shown that it is necessary to organize at the state level a developed service for embryo transplantation to reduce the cost of embryo transfer and the possibility of creating in a short time in the country's own highly productive breeding nucleus of dairy and beef cattle, which will reduce, and in the future completely eliminate, import dependence on cattle products.


1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1369-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L. Catt ◽  
J.K. O'Brien ◽  
W.M.C. Maxwell ◽  
G. Evans

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