The “Government of the Sertões and Indians”

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-39
Author(s):  
Rafael Chambouleyron
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Domestic Consumption ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
Sugar Plantations ◽  
The Government

AbstractThis article discusses the role played by the production of sugar and cane liquor (aguardente) in the seventeenth and early eighteenth-century Amazon region. It shows how the development of sugar production had a double significance: sugar plantations had to produce a commodity that could be exported so as to generate revenues for the Royal Treasury, but they also had to produce aguardente for domestic consumption (including by those Indians who worked for the Portuguese). This domestic production provoked distrust on the part of the Crown, since it was believed to threaten sugar production overall. Nevertheless, aguardente production became a central element in the Portuguese dominion of the sertões (or sertão, the hinterland), while continuing to increase the revenues of the royal treasury.

Influences on the Distribution of Landholdings in Early Colonial North Carolina

1982 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Gallman
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Multiple Regression Models ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century

The economy of North Carolina in the early colonial period was agrarian. Land was a central element in the wealth stock and it was distributed unevenly among households. This paper analyzes the distribution of land by means of multiple regression models employing measures of the principal life events of households. This paper analyzes the distribution of land by means of multiple regression models employing measures of the principal life events of households. The data are drawn from an eastern community, Perquimans County, and refer to the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century.

The Government and Church Patronage in England, 1660-1760

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Hirschberg
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Government ◽  
Georgian England ◽  
Political Groups

In the last twenty years we have seen a revolution in the study of later Stuart and early Georgian England. Spurred in great part by Robert Walcott's brave attempt to apply Namierian methods and assumptions to the early eighteenth century, a squadron of able historians has attacked the sociopolitical history of the period, and has given us what might be called a neo-Whig interpretation. Such scholars as Geoffrey Holmes, William Speck, John Western, and recently B.W. Hill and J.P. Kenyon have sifted through the historiographical detritus and discovered that there is much to be saved from the older interpretations.Most importantly, the new scholarship on the period 1660-1760 has reemphasized a vital political factionalism, whether it be called party strife or merely shifting ideological alliances. English social and political groups apparently stood in a fragile equilibrium at best, rather than in a solid Namierian consensus. Even J.H. Plumb has noted the pressures brought to bear on relatively weak post-Revolution central governments by influential sociopolitical interest groups, pressures that restricted severely the available options for policy and power. E.P Thompson would go farther to claim that factionalism (mainly that of an elite against the rest of society) was so ingrained that only by using repressive means was Sir Robert Walpole's government able to stay in the saddle. Even if some would disagree with Hill's contention that there was always an effective Tory opposition, few deny that debate on issues that were deemed basic—including the form of government, of social organization, and of thought—continued far beyond 1688 or even 1714.

‘Could the Scots Become True British?’ The Prelude to the Scottish Peerage Bill, 1706–16

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Matsuzono
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
House Of Lords ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Government

This chapter revisits the debates and contests surrounding the question of the role of post-union Scots peers in the House of Lords, thus illuminating the interaction of political argument and party interests in the early eighteenth century. In June 1706, thirty-one Scottish commissioners met their English counterparts for the Treaty of Union between England and Scotland and, after heated discussions, succeeded in making a framework for the Union. Even before the ratification of the Union, Scotland's approach to the nuptials was fraught with numerous challenges, one of which was the Scottish peerage question. In 1719 the Whig ministry expected that a Peerage Bill would answer it, by turning the notorious system of representative peers into one based on heredity, but the government failed to pass the legislation. This chapter examines the controversies surrounding Union negotiations and how they led to the crisis around the Peerage Bills in 1718–1719.

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