Category Learning in Schoolchildren. Its Relation to Age, Academic Marks and Resolution Patterns

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Casadevante ◽  
Miriam Romero ◽  
Tatiana Fernández-Marcos ◽  
José Manuel Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Category Learning ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Children's Behavior ◽  
Computerized Task ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of this research was to study the learning process using an objective and computerized task. The performance of 466 schoolchildren aged between 6 and 11 in a category learning task, the Category Learning Test (CLT), was examined. The results showed evidence of category learning throughout the trials for the whole sample, F(7, 469) = 29.979, p <.001. In addition, categorization performance improved with age, H(2) = 48.475, p <.001. However, there were old children that struggled with the task and young children that performed very well. The ability to learn the categories was related to the children’s behavior when trying to solve the task: the response speed (r = –.217, p <.01) and the organization index (r = .247, p <.01). Nevertheless, performance in the task and academic marks were not related. We discuss the impact of these findings on the promotion and improvement of learning in schools: an intervention to promote slowness and organization might help some children to learn.

scholarly journals Explanation Supports Hypothesis Generation in Learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Brockbank ◽  
Caren Walker
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Category Learning ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Good Explanation ◽  
Hypothesis Generation ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Correct Hypothesis ◽  
Hypothesis Evaluation

A large body of research has shown that engaging in explanation improves learning across a range of tasks. The act of explaining has been proposed to draw attention and cognitive resources toward evidence that will support a good explanation—information that is broad, abstract, and consistent with prior knowledge—which in turn aids discovery and generalization. However, it remains unclear whether explanation acts on the learning process via improved hypothesis generation, increasing the probability that the correct hypothesis is considered in the first place, or hypothesis evaluation, the appraisal of the correct hypothesis in light of evidence. In the present study, we address this question by separating the hypothesis generation and evaluation processes in a novel category learning task and quantifying the effect of explanation on each process independently. We find that explanation supports the generation of broad and abstract hypotheses but has less effect on the evaluation of hypotheses.

Effects of Object Curiosity on Exploratory Learning in Young Children

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayoko Inagaki
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Exploratory Learning ◽  
Individual Trait ◽  
Learning Test

To examine relationships between curiosity as an individual trait and the processes and products of exploratory learning, 51 kindergarten children of age six were given an object curiosity task and an exploratory learning task. The latter was designed to arouse much uncertainty or dissonance and to permit children to engage in further exploration without interference. Highly curious children, as defined by their object curiosity scores, acquired significantly more information through exploration than their low-curiosity counterparts, though they explored in only insignificantly more varied ways. This superiority of highly curious children in exploratory learning test performance remained even when the effect of verbal ability was held constant.

scholarly journals The Design and Implementation of a Mathematics Game-Base Learning Application for Primary Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Nahla Aljojo
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Traditional Learning ◽  
Game Based Learning ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mathematical Skills ◽  
Learning Game ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Addition And Subtraction ◽  
The Impact

<p class="1">The traditional learning process used in schools is outdated.  Students nowadays spend most of their time using technologies for entertainment and to communicate with their friends.  Technology can also be used to present opportunities in teaching difficult subjects, such as mathematics, in a better environment. This project aims to improve the mathematical skills of addition and subtraction in young children aged 6 to 8 by combining education and entertainment in a simple math learning game<em>.  </em>Using ideas from Jerome Bruner’s theory, and Bloom’s Taxonomy of cognitive goals, this application will help children learn and interact effectively with the world around them. This project presents the design and development of a game-based learning application that improves the mathematical skills of young children.  Specifically, our target-users for this application are primary school students who are learning addition and subtraction. This paper provides discussion and guidance on how to evaluate the impact of Mathematics Game-Base Learning Application. The overall results of the experimental study indicate a positive effect of Mathematics Game-Base Learning Application on the learning process.</p>

Blocking Is Sensitive to Causal Structure in 4-Year-Old and 8-Year-Old Children

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Beckers ◽  
Uschi Van den Broeck ◽  
Marij Renne ◽  
Stefaan Vandorpe ◽  
Jan De Houwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Associative Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Causal Structure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Contingency Learning

Abstract. In a contingency learning task, 4-year-old and 8-year-old children had to predict the outcome displayed on the back of a card on the basis of cues presented on the front. The task was embedded in either a causal or a merely predictive scenario. Within this task, either a forward blocking or a backward blocking procedure was implemented. Blocking occurred in the causal but not in the predictive scenario. Moreover, blocking was affected by the scenario to the same extent in both age groups. The pattern of results was similar for forward and backward blocking. These results suggest that even young children are sensitive to the causal structure of a contingency learning task and that the occurrence of blocking in such a task defies an explanation in terms of associative learning theory.

The Impact of Classroom on the Attitudes and Actions of Young Children

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamze Baray ◽  
Stephen Wright ◽  
Jane Friesen ◽  
Jasmina Arifovic ◽  
Lisa Giamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Hurricane Katrina on Young Children

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Moore ◽  
Kristin Callahan ◽  
Tonya C. Hansel
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
The Impact

Good Things Come to Those Who Wait: Enhancement in a Rule-Based Category Learning Task After Social-Evaluative Stress

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn Ell ◽  
Steve Hutchinson ◽  
Lauren Hawthorne ◽  
Lauren Szymula ◽  
Shannon K. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Category Learning ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Rule Based

Improving Outcomes for Young Children By Mitigating the Impact of Toxic Stress and Trauma

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 137 (Supplement 3) ◽  
pp. 154A-154A
Author(s):  
Blythe Berger ◽  
Ronald Seifer ◽  
Ailis Clyne
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Toxic Stress ◽  
The Impact

The Analyses of Learning Strategies in English as a Second Language: Theoretical Classification and Measurement Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
Asti Gumartifa ◽  
◽  
Indah Windra Dwie Agustiani
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
English Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
The Impact

Gaining English language learning effectively has been discussed all years long. Similarly, Learners have various troubles outcomes in the learning process. Creating a joyful and comfortable situation must be considered by learners. Thus, the implementation of effective learning strategies is certainly necessary for English learners. This descriptive study has two purposes: first, to introduce the classification and characterization of learning strategies such as; memory, cognitive, metacognitive, compensation, social, and affective strategies that are used by learners in the classroom and second, it provides some questionnaires item based on Strategy of Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) version 5.0 that can be used to examine the frequency of students’ learning strategies in the learning process. The summary of this study explains and discusses the researchers’ point of view on the impact of learning outcomes by learning strategies used. Finally, utilizing appropriate learning strategies are certainly beneficial for both teachers and learners to achieve the learning target effectively.

MODIFIKASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM POSING DENGAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN TUGAS DAN PAKSA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lita Amalia ◽  
Alda Dwiyana Putri ◽  
Alfajri Mairizki Nurfansyah
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Problem Posing ◽  
Reasoning Skills ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Answering Questions

The purpose of this paper is to describe the Problem Posing learning model with Task and Forced Strategy. As for the background of this writing is because of difficulties in understanding the material and also lack of enthusiasm of students in learning the material so that the impact on student learning outcomes is still low. The low student learning outcomes are, of course, many factors, one of which is the problem of applying a learning model that is still teacher-centered, so students tend to be passive. For this reason, the teacher can use the Problem Posing learning model that is modified by the task and force strategy (Task and Forced). Problem Posing learning model is a learning model that requires students to develop their systematic reasoning skills in making questions and answering questions. While the task and force strategy (Task and Forced) is a learning strategy that has little effect on students to complete the task until it is completed and on time to avoid the punishment given by the teacher as a consequence. So that students will be motivated in listening, understanding the material delivered and doing assignments on time. By combining this model and strategy can be a solution so that the learning process becomes quality.

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