The Causes of School Failure in Secondary School Students: Validation of a Psychosocial Model with Structural Equations

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Chacón Fuertes ◽  
Carlos A. Huertas Hurtado
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
School Failure ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
School Students ◽  
Psychosocial Model ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
Linear Regressions

AbstractThe objective of the study was to determine the causal effects of school failure (SF) among secondary school students, belonging to five public schools within the region of Girardota, Colombia, through the validation of a psychosocial model with structural equations. A total of 319 students, 25% more males, enrolled in classes between 6th and 11th year, with an average age of 14 years. Furthermore, 265 parents and 200 teachers were also included in the sample. Participants answered the questions raised in 9 instruments. Of the total number of students, 63.8% were surveyed. The instruments were subjected to a pilot test and to the judgment of experts. In order to reduce the amount of data, exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyses were used. Other techniques of multivariate analysis such as decision trees and linear regressions were also used in order to previously evaluate the relationships between the independent variables (IV) and the dependent variable (DV). Afterwards, the Full SEM was calculated, yielding a model consisting of 34 variables (10 latent and 24 observable), with the following indexes of goodness of fit: CMIN/DF = 1.146, p = .058, IFI = 0.974, TLI = .970, CFI = .974, RMSEA = .027 and PCLOSE = 0.998. Theoretically, the model confirms the predictive value of the selected variables, with respect to school failure. The results are applicable to both the design of educational policies and the direct intervention in the classroom. In both contexts, strategies can be developed that reduce factors that negatively affect school performance, actively linking students, teachers and parents.

A Study of Self Control and Deviant Behavior of Secondary School Students of Mirpur, Azad Kashmir

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 118-130
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zafar Iqbal ◽  
◽  
Jahan Ara Shams
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Self Control ◽  
School Students ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Azad Kashmir ◽  
High Level

This study aimed at finding the effect of self control (SC) on deviant behavior (DB) of Students. The approach of the study was quantitative. Causal comparative research design was used to investigate the effect of self control on students’ deviance. Students (8940) of grade 9th and 10th of all public schools of Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) constituted the population of this study. Data were collected from 470 students of Mirpur, AJK. Out of them there were 291 males and 179 were females. Two scales, SC Scale originally developed by Grasmick et al., (1993) and Normative Deviance Scale by Vazsonyi et al., (2001) were adapted to measure the SC and DB of the students respectively. Descriptive statistics, t-test and linear regression were applied to analyze the data. Results of the study found a low level of SC and high level of DB among the secondary school students. Female were more SC led as compared to the males whereas male showed more DB than females. Regression analysis showed that SC has significant positive effect on the DB and it brings 49.8% variability in the DB of the secondary school students. It was recommended that SC related activities should be added into the curriculum at primary level as this is the best age for the development of SC into the students. Workshops and seminars should be held at Secondary Schools to bring awareness on the benefits of SC for the teachers and students.

scholarly journals Sociometric Popularity, Perceived Peer Support, and Self-Concept in Adolescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arantza Fernández-Zabala ◽  
Estibaliz Ramos-Díaz ◽  
Arantzazu Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Juan L. Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
School Context ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Family ◽  
Practical Implications

The objective of this study is to analyze the role that peer support plays in the incidence relationships between sociometric popularity and general self-concept based on sociometer theory. A total of 676 randomly selected secondary school students from the Basque Country (49.6% boys and 50.4% girls) between 12 and 18 years of age (M = 14.32, DT = 1.36) participated voluntarily. All of them completed a sociometric questionnaire (SOCIOMET), the Family and Friends Support Questionnaire (AFA-R), and the Dimensional Self-concept Questionnaire (AUDIM-33). Several models of structural equations were tested. The results indicate that sociometric popularity is linked to self-concept through the perceived social support of peers. These results are discussed within the framework of positive psychology and its practical implications in the school context.

scholarly journals Waist Circumference, Waist-to-Height Ratio and Body Mass Index as Parameters of Obesity Among Public Secondary School Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebelechuku Francesca Ugochukwu ◽  
Chinyere Ukamaka Onubogu ◽  
Kenneth Nchekwube Okeke ◽  
Victoria Chikodili Ofora ◽  
Chinenye MaryQueen Uju
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Private School ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Secondary School

Background: Obesity in children is universal affecting all ethnicities, ages, gender and social classes. Public school children consist mainly of the less affluent strata of society, and consequently may not be opportuned to avail themselves of necessary public health interventions as their private school counterparts.          Objective:This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity using various anthropometric indices and association of certain factors with obesity among public secondary school students.    Methods:A cross-sectional school-based questionnaire and physical assessment of 593 students aged 10 – 17 years in public schools in Nnewi, Southeast Nigeria was carried out.                                                             Results: There were 289  boys and 304 girls, giving an approximate ratio of 1:1. Most of the students were from the middle and lower socio-economic levels. Girls were physically less active and consumed more junk food than the boys. The mean weight and height varied significantly with age in males, females and both sexes combined together (p <0.001). In general, girls were heavier than boys, while the boys were slightly taller than the girls. Age varied significantly with BMI (P<0.001 for girls and boys), WC (P<0.001 for girls and boys) and WHtR (p=0.034 for boys and 0.024 for girls). BMI performed better than WC and WHtR in identifying children with obesity. When compared with BMI, WC had a sensitivity of 5.2% and a specificity of 100.0% with a positive predictive value of 100.0% and a negative predictive value of 90.7%. WHtR had a sensitivity of 31.0% and a specificity of 99.8% with a positive predictive value of 94.7% and a negative predictive value of 93.0%. BMI had a strong correlation with both WC and WHtR although correlation was stronger with WC (R=704) compared to WHR (R=641). Among the students 9.8% were in the obese/overweight group, made up of 96.6% females, out of which 64.1% were older adolescents aged 15-17 years. Reduced physical activity played a major role in enhancing obesity/overweight, while socio-economic level and diet did not. After logistic regression analysis, age and sex remained significantly associated with being overweight or obese. The odds of being overweight or obese was 32 times in females compared to males and twice in in late adolescence compared to early adolescence.                                                                                                                                      Conclusion:  The obesity/overweight of older adolescent public secondary school girls buttress the importance of physical exercises in curbing obesity. Although easier to perform and very specific, WC and WHtR seemed to miss many adolescents with obesity when compared to BMI.  Therefore, a combination of these indices is recommended while screening adolescents for obesity.

scholarly journals Level of Civic Knowledge and Attitude as Antidotes of Civic Engagement among Secondary School Students in Oyo State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Abdu-Raheem Bilqees Olayinka ◽  
Olorunda Sola Elijah
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
School Students ◽  
Civic Knowledge ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

The study investigated the level of civic knowledge and attitude as antidotes of civic engagement of secondary institution students in Oyo State. It also examined their attitude towards civic engagement. The research design is descriptive of the survey type. Population comprised all 411,912 public schools in urban and rural areas in Oyo State. Sample was 600 public school students selected using multistage sampling procedure. The instrument used was titled ‘Students’ Civic Engagement Questionnaire’ (SCEQ). The instrument was validated through face and content validity while reliability of the tool was established using Cronbach’s alpha method and a coefficient of 0.72 was obtained. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics for the research questions raised. It was found that the level of secondary school students’ civic knowledge and engagement was moderate, while their attitude towards civic engagement was negative. Based on the results it is suggested that students be enlightened to take part in civic obligations in order to develop positive attitudes towards civic engagement. Additionally, non- governmental organisations should intensify efforts in campaigning and promoting civic duties as this could increase the awareness of the citizens.

scholarly journals The Effect of Thanatology Intervention Programme on Knowledge and Attitude of Secondary School Students in Anambra state Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkiru Onyinyechukwu NNAEMEZIE ◽  
J.O. OKAFOR ◽  
IFEDIORA UCHENNA LOVETH ◽  
ARINZE C.R
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
School Students ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Abstract Introduction: The manner in which a child would cope with dying and death situation would be determined by what the child already know and what knowledge concerning thanatology the child had been exposed to previously. This study was concluded to determine the effect of thanatology intervention programme on knowledge and attitude of secondary school students in Anambra State Nigeria. Method: The study was delimited to Awka South Local Government Area of Anambra State. Quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test control group design was used on 282 junior and senior secondary school students selected from four secondary schools which included two private schools and two public schools and they were divided into control and experimental groups. The research instrument was a researcher-developed instrument on knowledge and attitude towards thanatology. Mean and standard deviation was used to answer research questions. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to answer the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Results: The results of the study revealed that there was an increasein the knowledge and attitude of secondary school students after the thanatology intervention programme. Conclusion: Based on the various findings of the study, it was concluded that thanatology has great effect on the students’ knowledge and attitude. Furthermore, it is recommended that thanatology should be taught both informally and formally to help remove or control the fear of dying and death in them.

Gender differences in the reading habits of secondary school students of Osun State public schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 720-727
Author(s):  
O. F. Bamise ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Reading Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Reading ◽  
Long Time

The research evaluated among secondary school students the time spent in reading and the reading materials preferred. The purpose for which they read was also identified. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted which focused on public secondary schools of Osun State, Southwest, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select 1101 senior secondary school students from 12 public schools covering the 6 educational zones of Osun State. A 20 item Reading Habit Scale was used. The questionnaire was administered with the aid of a research assistant and retrieved immediately from the volunteers after completion. One thousand and seventy-nine copies of the questionnaire were analyzed, 43% of the respondents were boys while 57% were girls. Only 18.6% of the respondents were daily long-time readers (>1 to 6 hours per day) which comprised 17% of the boys and 20% of the girls. Boys more than girls read past questions and solutions while girls more than boys read textbooks and subject teachers note. Boys (98%) more than girls (97%) indicated they read in order to get better grades in tests and examinations. Conversely, girls more than the boys read for a better understanding of topics taught by the teacher and for pleasure (84:76%). A statistically significant gender difference exists with respect to “reading for pleasure” (x=8.92, p=0.003). Most of the students have poor reading habits with respect to daily reading time. Girls were more daily long-time readers and also read for pleasure.

scholarly journals Determinants of shisha use among secondary school students in Sudan

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Othman ◽  
Nasrin Aghamohammadi ◽  
Nik Daliana Nik Farid
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Shisha smoking has re-emerged in the Middle East in the last two decades and has spread rapidly in these communities. Information about shisha smoking in adolescents in Sudan is deficient. Hence, the aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of shisha smoking among adolescents and determine the associated factors. Methods This study is a school based cross sectional study among secondary school students in Khartoum State - Sudan that targets both male and female students aged 14–17 years. A total of 3387 students from 29 public and private schools were selected by multi stage random sampling. The participants completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire which was based on Arabic version of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS). Results The response rate was 100% in schools and among participants, 57.3% were females and 51.6% were from public schools. The overall prevalence of those who had ever smoked shisha was 13.4%, and among male students the prevalence was 16.8%, while it was 10.9% in females. The associated factors were poor academic performance OR 2.90 CI 95% (1.21–6.94), friends smoking shisha OR 2.39 CI 95% (1.65–3.45), friends smoking cigarettes OR 2.76 CI 95% (1.90–4.01), peer pressure to smoke shisha OR 13.76 CI 95% (7.86–24.07) and unexpectedly restriction of selling shisha to minors OR 2.21 CI 95% (1.28–3.82). Conclusion The prevalence of those who had ever smoked shisha is among the lowest in Middle East region; therefore, regular surveillance system is needed. A well-structured peer based comprehensive tobacco control programmes that are supported by strict and rigorous anti-tobacco regulations which control both commercial and social resources of tobacco are needed to contain this issue among adolescents.

scholarly journals Prevalence of dental caries and its association with body mass index among school-age children in Shenzhen, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-hong Cheng ◽  
Yi Liao ◽  
Ding-yan Chen ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
Yu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
School Students ◽  
Primary And Secondary School

Abstract Background Dental caries and overweight/obesity are health problems with shared risk factors, but the relationships between caries and BMI need to be further explored. The objective was to evaluate the current status of dental caries and the association between dental caries and Body Mass Index (BMI) among primary and secondary school students in Shenzhen, China, during the 2016–2017 academic year. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional study that enrolled a total of 1,196,004 students was conducted in Shenzhen. Physical and dental examinations were given to all primary and secondary school students by certified physicians and dentists following the national specification for student health examinations, and dental caries was diagnosed using WHO criteria. Descriptive analysis was applied to assess current oral health status and a multifactorial, logistic regression model was employed to evaluate the relationship between dental caries and obesity. Results A total of 1,196,004 students participated in the census. Mean age of the participants was 10.3 years, ranging from 6 to 20 years. The prevalence of dental caries was 41.15% in the present study, which was higher among girls (42.88%) than that in boys (39.77%) with a p-value of < 0.001. Students in public schools showed a significantly lower (p < 0.001) caries prevalence (37.36%) compared with those in private schools (47.96%). The caries restoration rate of students in Shenzhen was only 10.30%, which means only one out of ten students with caries received restorations. The mean dmft and DMFT scores were 0.97 and 0.33, respectively. More girls (10.96%) had their teeth filled than boys (9.78%). The restoration rate was higher (p < 0.001) in public schools (11.73%) than in private ones (8.35%). Children who were overweight or obese had a lower risk of experiencing caries compared to those who were within a normal weight (OR = 0.74/0.64). Caries was inversely associated with BMI among primary and secondary school students in Shenzhen. Conclusions The prevalence of dental caries among primary and secondary school children was found to be related to sex, type of schools, region, and BMI. Further studies and more government support are required to confirm the findings of this study and to address current oral health problems.

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