scholarly journals Rumination in Adolescence: the Distinctive Impact of Brooding and Reflection on Psychopathology

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Xavier ◽  
Marina Cunha ◽  
José Pinto-Gouveia
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Brooding And Reflection

AbstractRumination has a crucial role in the onset, severity and maintenance of depression in adolescent and adult populations. The Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) is the most widely self-report instrument used to assess individual differences in the tendency to engage in ruminative responses style. This paper aims to test the factor structure of the 10-item RRS and the gender-based measurement invariance, in a community sample of adolescents, using a Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Participants were 542 adolescents (53% females) with a mean age of 14 years old (SD = 1.75) from middle and secondary schools (years of education’s mean = 9.46, SD = 1.60) in Portugal. Results confirm the two-factor structure of the RRS composed by brooding and reflection dimensions (GFI = .93, CFI = .90, TLI = .87, SRMR = .05, RMSEA = .11, 90% C.I. [0.092 to 0.121]) and the invariance across gender (GFI = .91, CFI = .89, TLI = .85, RMSEA = .08, 90% C.I. [0.069 to 0.090], p < .001). RRS and their dimensions presented a good internal reliability (Brooding: α = .80; Reflection: α = .75; RRS total: α = .85). Brooding and reflection dimensions revealed moderate correlations with depression, anxiety and stress symptoms (p < .001). Multiple Regression Analysis through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) showed that brooding is significantly and strongly associated with internalizing symptoms (p < .001). Female adolescents reported more levels of rumination than male adolescents. Overall, these findings support the usefulness of the Portuguese version of RRS and suggest that this short version is an economical, valid and reliable measure to assess ruminative response styles in adolescence.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the HIV/AIDS Knowledge Scale for Spanish adolescents (HIV-KS) / Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Conocimientos sobre VIH/SIDA para adolescentes (VIH-KS)

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
José P. Espada ◽  
Tania B. Huedo-Medina ◽  
Mireia Orgilés ◽  
Roberto Secades ◽  
Rafael Ballester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Aids Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Scale ◽  
Hiv Aids

El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en desarrollar y analizar las propiedades psicométricas de una escala multidimensional para evaluar los conocimientos relacionados con el VIH/SIDA en adolescentes (Escala de conocimientos sobre VIH/SIDA, HIV-KS). Tras un estudio piloto se administró un cuestionario de 48 ítems a una muestra de 14 centros escolares de 5 provincias españolas. Se puso a prueba la estructura teórica del cuestionario mediante un análisis de componentes principales al que se le aplicó un análisis confirmatorio. Se analizó la validez convergente y discriminante y la fiabilidad de la escala y, finalmente, se procedió a comprobar su invarianza factorial en función del género y la edad con una muestra de 1216 participantes. La versión final de HIV-KS estuvo compuesta por 10 ítems distribuidos en 3 factores principales. Los factores incluidos fueron (1) Transmisión oral del VIH, (2) Efectos del VIH, y (3) Otras vías de transmisión del VIH. La escala HIV-KS muestra invarianza en función del género y la edad y buena consistencia interna. HIV-KS es una escala capaz de evaluar de forma rápida y eficaz el grado de conocimientos sobre VIH/SIDA en población adolescente.  Absctract This paper aims to describe the development process, the factor structure, the reliability and validity of a multidimensional scale to measure HIV/AIDS-related knowledge for adolescents (HIV/AIDS Knowledge Scale, HIV-KS). After a pilot study of the items, a questionnaire of 28 items was administered to a sample from 14 different schools in 5 counties in Spain. Firstly, Principal-component analysis was used: first, to test a theory-driven structure and second, to develop an empirically derived factor structure for HIV-KS, which was tested with a confirmatory factor analysis. Secondly, reliability and convergent and discriminant validity were examined and finally, the factorial invariance was analyzed according to gender and age with a sample of 1,216 Spanish adolescents.The final version of the HIV-KS consists of 10 items distributed across three major factors. The factors included are: (1) HIV oral transmission, (2) HIV effects, and (3) other HIV transmission methods. The HIV-KS is invariant across gender and age and shows good validity and internal reliability. HIV-KS is a capable and parsimonious self-report scale for assessing main aspects of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge for adolescents.

scholarly journals Conceptualizing and Testing a New Tripartite Measure of Coach Interpersonal Behaviors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Bhavsar ◽  
Nikos Ntoumanis ◽  
Eleanor Quested ◽  
Daniel Gucciardi ◽  
Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Interpersonal Behaviors ◽  
Need Frustration ◽  
Need Thwarting

ObjectivesVarious self-report measures based on Self-Determination Theory (Deci &amp; Ryan, 1985; Ryan &amp; Deci, 2017) have been developed to assess athletes’ perceptions of their coaches’ need supportive and thwarting behaviors. We propose that it is also conceptually important to distinguish between coaching behaviors that thwart and those that are indifferent to athletes’ psychological needs. This distinction is useful, as we contend that athletes’ degree of need frustration, and concomitant negative outcomes, are likely to be more pronounced in a coaching environment that actively thwarts (vs. is indifferent to) athletes’ needs. In this three-study paper, we outline the conceptual rationale for, the development of, and initial validity evidence for a tripartite (need supportive, thwarting, and indifferent) measure of interpersonal behaviors of coaches (TMIB-C).MethodIn Study 1, we developed 54 candidate items and gathered evidence for their face and content validity with athletes and an expert panel. Competing factor models were tested in Study 2 to determine the best representation of the measure’s factor structure. In Study 3, we tested the replication of such models and the nomological network surrounding the identified factors.ResultsIn Study 2, a 22-item, three-factor structure (supportive, thwarting, and indifferent behaviors) using exploratory structural equation modeling, demonstrated acceptable fit, good standardized factor loadings, factor correlations in the expected directions, and acceptable estimates of internal consistency. This model was replicated in Study 3. Tests of nomological networks showed that as expected, need indifference was a weaker predictor of autonomy and competence need frustration as compared to need thwarting, and the only significant predictor of irrelevant thoughts. Unexpectedly, however, need indifference was also as good as, or a better predictor than need thwarting was of exhaustion and relatedness need frustration, respectively.ConclusionsEvidence supports the TMIB-C as a parsimonious and promising measure of athletes’ perceptions of coach interpersonal behaviors. Our tripartite conceptualization and measure should be further tested in terms of its predictive utility in order to advance conceptual understanding and intervention efforts targeting interpersonal behaviors in sport, and potentially other life domains.

197 Refining the Subjective Assessment of Sleep: An SEM Approach

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A79-A79
Author(s):  
Sahar Sabet ◽  
Joseph Dzierzewski ◽  
Natalie Dautovich
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Daytime Impairment ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Introduction Given that sleep is multidimensional, the assessment of sleep requires an examination of a number of different domains. Accordingly, there is an abundance of self-report sleep questionnaires that are widely used for both research and clinical use. The surplus of available measures can be problematic, as it often leads to difficulties in selecting the best measure for a given purpose/context. In addition, the use of multiple measures to assess sleep may be an inefficient use of time and resources if they are not measuring unique constructs. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the factor structure of five sleep measures. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was initially used to evaluate whether each of these scales are measuring different factors of sleep, with follow-up exploratory factor analysis (EFA) as needed. Methods An archival analysis was performed using data from an online study, Investigating Sleep Across Normal Development (ISLAND Study). The sample consisted of 3,284 adults aged 18+. The following measures were utilized: RU SATED, PROMIS Sleep-Related Impairment, Sleep Self-Efficacy, Insomnia Severity Index, and the Sleep Regularity Questionnaire. Results As expected, the CFA model fit was determined to be poor and an EFA was then conducted to assess the factor structure of these scales. The EFA revealed a four-factor structure comprised of 25 items: Sleep-Related Daytime Impairment, Sleep Regularity, Sleep Disturbance, and Sleep-Related Daytime Enhancement. Conclusion The findings from the current study add to the literature supporting the multidimensionality of sleep, as well as the continued need to assess the various facets that comprise this construct. Although the literature supports the utility of these five measures, the present study found that within a community sample, these measures are not entirely unique. Further, the present study extends our knowledge and the literature by revealing a novel factor of sleep – Sleep-Related Daytime Enhancement. It may be worthwhile for researchers and clinicians to consider latent sleep factors that contribute to sleep disturbance and sleep health. Future work is needed to further confirm the observed factor structure and assess the psychometrics of this new scale. Support (if any) National Institute on Aging (K23AG049955, PI: Dzierzewski).

Examining the Structural and External Validity of the Adult Concentration Inventory for Assessing Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Adults

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110272
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Fredrick ◽  
G. Leonard Burns ◽  
Joshua M. Langberg ◽  
Stephen P. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
External Validity ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Cognitive Tempo

The Adult Concentration Inventory (ACI) is an adult self-report measure of sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) developed following a meta-analysis identifying items distinguishing SCT from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) inattention. To date, only one study conducted in college students has examined the structural and external validity of the ACI. The current study evaluated the convergent and discriminative validity of the ACI in a community sample of adults, in addition to testing unique associations with internalizing symptoms, daily life executive functions, and sleep. Adults ( N = 286; Mage = 44.45; 83.6% female) completed ratings of SCT, ADHD symptom dimensions, and external correlates. An a priori two-factor model with cross-loadings found 10 of the 16 SCT items to have high loadings on the SCT factor and low loadings on the ADHD inattention factor. SCT was uniquely associated with higher internalizing symptoms, time management and self-organization difficulties, poorer sleep quality, shorter sleep duration, lower sleep efficiency, and more daytime sleepiness. These findings replicate and extend support for the ACI in assessing SCT in adults.

Adaptation, Validation and Preliminary Standardisation of the Frontal Systems Behaviour Scale – Apathy Subscale and the Dimensional Apathy Scale in Vietnamese Healthy Samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Halle Quang ◽  
Khanh Sin ◽  
Fiona Kumfor ◽  
Skye McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavioural Syndrome ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Frontal Systems

Abstract Objective: Apathy, the reduction of motivation and goal-directed behaviour, is a ubiquitous behavioural syndrome in many neurological disorders. However, apathy measures are limited in non-English speaking countries. The present study aimed to develop a culturally appropriate version of the Vietnamese Frontal Systems Behavioural Scale-Apathy subscale (V-FrSBe-A) and Dimensional Apathy Scale (V-DAS), examine their internal reliability and construct validity (i.e., factor structure, convergent and divergent validity) in a Vietnamese healthy sample and establish preliminary normative cut-offs for clinical and research applications. Method: In total, 112 healthy subjects and 64 informants completed the self-report and informant report V-FrSBe-A and V-DAS, developed using a translation, back-translation and cultural adaptation procedure. McDonald’s omega was applied to examine internal reliability. The internal structure of the V-DAS was evaluated using exploratory structural equation model. For both apathy scales, convergent validity was determined by correlations between scales and between informant and self-report versions. Regarding divergent validity, participants completed the Vietnamese Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 and V-FrSBe-Disinhibition for depression and disinhibition assessment. Results: Both the V-FrSBe-A and V-DAS were reliable (ω t ≥ .74). Dimensional manifestations of apathy in executive, emotional and initiation domains were confirmed on the V-DAS. Both scales were also valid, convergent with each other and divergent from depression and disinhibition symptoms. Cut-off scores for both scales were higher than their English versions. Conclusion: The adapted V-FrSBe-A and V-DAS have good reliability and validity for the potential application in clinical groups to advance current knowledge about apathy transculturally and direct more effective clinical care for Vietnamese individuals with neurological disorders.

Australian Adolescents' Perceptions of their Parents

1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Cubis ◽  
Terry Lewin ◽  
Fiona Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Parental Bonding ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Parental Bonding Instrument ◽  
Psychosocial Profiles ◽  
Report Measure

We examined the characteristics of a self-report measure for assessing perceptions of parents, the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), in an adolescent community sample (N = 2,147; mean age = 15.4 years). Using factor analysis, three PBI dimensions were identified — the original Care factor and two Protection factors: perceived social control and personal intrusiveness. Important sex differences were found which were not evident in the two factor structure recommended by Parker [1, 2]. Relative to sons, daughters saw their fathers as more personally intrusive and their mothers as less socially controlling and much more caring. Overall, adolescents perceived mothers as more caring but more personally intrusive than fathers. Adolescents who saw their father as uncaring and their mother as controlling tended to have the least positive psychosocial profiles.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the parent’s versions of the SDQ and the PANAS-X in a community sample of Portuguese parents

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 520-532
Author(s):  
Pedro Alexandre Costa ◽  
Fiona Tasker ◽  
Catarina Ramos ◽  
Isabel Leal
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

This study examined the psychometric properties of the parent’s versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule–Extended Form (PANAS-X) in a community sample of Portuguese parents. A total of 1100 SDQ and PANAS-X were collected from an online sample of 761 parents, whose ages ranged from 23 to 65 years ( M = 42, SD = 5). Confirmatory factor analyses provided evidence of the internal factor structure of both the SDQ and the PANAS-X and invariance of the factor structure across age and gender groups, with the exception of the SDQ, which failed to provide evidence of invariance between genders. Internal reliability and discriminant validity were confirmed for both measures, although convergent validity was only confirmed for the PANAS-X. Concurrent validity was also confirmed by comparing the results from the SDQ dimensions and the PANAS-X broad dimensions subscales.

Validating the factor structure of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale in a community sample.

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 670-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet K. Mahmut ◽  
Con Menictas ◽  
Richard J. Stevenson ◽  
Judi Homewood
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report
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