Romantic Attachment in Chilean Adults: Development of a Short-form Version of the Experiences in Close Relationships

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Spencer ◽  
Itziar Alonso-Arbiol ◽  
Andrés Fresno
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Experiences In Close Relationships

AbstractThough the study of romantic attachment has expanded into all areas of psychology, it remains the case that there is no valid, reliable test available to measure it in Latin America. The present research objective was to adapt a Chilean version of the Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR; Brennan, Clark, & Shaver 1998) questionnaire, developing a short-form version, and to determine its factor structure in two samples of Chilean adults of different ages. A pool of 25 items was chosen to capture the two dimensions (Anxiety and Avoidance), which were obtained through principal components analysis in a sample of 477 adults. Subsequently, the short-form ECR’s two-dimensional structure was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis in a new sample (N = 296). All sub-dimensions’ internal consistencies were found to be satisfactory. Evidence for the test’s concurrent validity with the variables age, gender, and socioeconomic status was also obtained. The dimensions of romantic attachment showed no differences according to age or gender. However, participants of high socioeconomic status exhibited lower levels of anxious attachment than those with low socioeconomic status. It was concluded that the Chilean short-form version of the ECR has good psychometric properties and is a suitable assessment of adult attachment.

Testing the reliability and validity of the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale–Short Form with Chinese college students

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jiaxi Peng ◽  
Yongmei Xiao ◽  
Yijun Li ◽  
Wei Liang ◽  
Hao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Short Form ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Experiences In Close Relationships

Currently, there is no instrument to quickly measure adult attachment in the Chinese cultural context. In this study the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale–Short Form (ECR-S) was translated and tested in terms of reliability and validity with Chinese college students. All items of the Chinese-version ECR-S showed high discriminability and the scale had a two-dimensional structure in both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The internal consistency coefficients of the two subscales of the ECR-S showed excellent reliability, and scores were modestly to highly correlated with the criteria of state adult attachment, self-esteem, anxiety, pressure, depression, and satisfaction with intimate (romantic) relationships. It can be concluded that the Chinese version of the ECR-S has high reliability and validity; thus, it meets the requirements for psychometric tools and can be used to assess Chinese adults' attachment.

Aging Expectations are Associated With Physical Activity and Health Among Older Adults of Low Socioeconomic Status

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Dogra ◽  
Ban Al-Sahab ◽  
James Manson ◽  
Hala Tamim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Physical Activity Participation ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Aging Expectations

The purpose of the current study was to determine whether aging expectations (AE) are associated with physical activity participation and health among older adults of low socioeconomic status (SES). A cross-sectional analysis of a sample of 170 older adults (mean age 70.9 years) was conducted. Data on AE, physical activity, and health were collected using the 12 item Expectations Regarding Aging instrument, the Healthy Physical Activity Participation Questionnaire, and the Short Form-36, respectively. Adjusted linear regression models showed significant associations between AE and social functioning, energy/vitality, mental health, and self-rated general health, as well as physical activity. These results suggest that AE may help to better explain the established association between low SES, low physical activity uptake, and poor health outcomes among older adults.

scholarly journals Minimizing the Risk of Catastrophic Health Expenditure in China: A Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Vulnerable Groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahui Wang ◽  
Xiao Tan ◽  
Xinye Qi ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditure ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Low Socioeconomic

Background: In moving toward universal health coverage in China, it is crucial to identify which populations should be prioritized for which interventions rather than blindly increasing welfare packages or capital investments. We identify the characteristics of vulnerable groups from multiple perspectives through estimating catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and recommend intervention priorities.Methods: Data were from National Health Service Survey conducted in 2003, 2008, and 2013. According to the recommendation of WHO, this study adopted 40% as the CHE threshold. A binary regression was used to identify the determinants of CHE occurrence; a probit model was used to obtain CHE standardized incidence under the characteristics of single and two dimensions in 2013.Results: The total incidence of CHE in 2013 was 13.9%, which shows a general trend of growth from 2003 to 2013. Families in western and central regions and rural areas were more at risk. Factors related to social demography show that households with a female or an unmarried head of household or with a low socioeconomic status were more likely to experience CHE. Households with older adults aged 60 and above had 1,524 times higher likelihood of experiencing CHE. Among the health insurance schemes, the participants covered by the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme had the highest risk compared with the participants of all basic health insurance schemes. Households with several members seeking outpatient, inpatient care or with non-communicable diseases were more likely to experience CHE. Households with members not seeing a doctor or hospitalized despite the need for it were more likely to experience CHE. Characteristics such as a household head with characteristics related to low socioeconomic status, having more than two hospitalized family members, ranked high. Meanwhile, the combination of having illiterate household heads and with being covered by other health insurance plans or by none ranked the first place. Cancer notably caused a relatively high medical expenditure among households with CHE.Conclusion: In China, considering the vulnerability of the population across different dimensions is conducive to the alleviation of high CHE. Furthermore, people with multiple vulnerabilities should be prioritized for intervention. Identifying and targeting them to offer help and support will be an effective approach.

Experiences in Close Relationships Scale--Modified Short Form

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Lo ◽  
Andrew Walsh ◽  
Mario Mikulincer ◽  
Lucia Gagliese ◽  
Camilla Zimmermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Relationships ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Experiences In Close Relationships

scholarly journals Romantic Attachment and Subtypes/Dimensions of Jealousy

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Marazziti ◽  
Giorgio Consoli ◽  
Francesco Albanese ◽  
Emanuela Laquidara ◽  
Stefano Baroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Interpersonal Sensitivity ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
The Self ◽  
Experiences In Close Relationships ◽  
Preoccupied Attachment

The present study explored the possible relationship between romantic attachment and jealousy in 100 healthy subjects. The romantic attachment and jealousy were evaluated by means of, respectively, the “Experiences in Close Relationships” questionnaire (ECR), and the “Questionario della Gelosia” (QUEGE). The ECR anxiety scale was related to all QUEGE dimensions, while the ECR avoidance scale to three. Individuals with the preoccupied attachment style showed higher scores than secure subjects on the obsessionality, interpersonal sensitivity and fear of loss dimensions. Fearful-avoidant individuals had higher score than secure subjects on the fear of loss dimension only, while dismissing individuals had lower scores on the self-esteem dimension.These findings suggest that romantic attachment and jealousy are intertwined.

scholarly journals Post-COVID-19 Condition and Health Status

COVID ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-86
Author(s):  
Antarpreet Kaur ◽  
Chloe Michalopoulos ◽  
Suzanne Carpe ◽  
Soontharee Congrete ◽  
Hira Shahzad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
General Health ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Patient Reported

Background: Observational studies of the long-term effects of COVID-19 infection generally focus on individual symptoms rather than health status. Objective: Longitudinal assessment of general health status following COVID-19 infection. Design: Observational study, with data collected from two telephone surveys at 32 ± 10 and 89 ± 25 days after discharge from the hospital or emergency department (ED) for a COVID-19 infection. Medicaid or no insurance was our marker of low socioeconomic status (SES). Acute disease severity was determined by summing 10 severity markers (yes-no) from the health encounter. Baseline comorbidity was a modified Charlson Index. Participants: 40 patients. Mean age was 54 ± 15 years, 50% were female, and 40% had low socioeconomic status. Main Measures: (1) the 20-item Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form General Health Survey (SF-20); (2) Dyspnea (modified Medical Research Council); (3) Psychological symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire for Anxiety and Depression); (4) Cognitive function (Cognitive Change Questionnaire); (5) Fatigue (Short Fatigue Questionnaire); (6) A 10-item review of systems (ROS) questionnaire. Key Results: Percentages with abnormal symptoms at the first and second surveys were (respectively): Dyspnea (40, 33), Fatigue (53, 50), Anxiety (33, 18), Depression (20, 10), PHQ-4 Composite (25, 13), and Cognitive (18, 10). Mean scores on the SF-20 subscales, Physical Functioning, Role Functioning, Social Functioning, Health Perception, Mental Health, and Pain were numerically lower than means from a published study of elderly outpatients. With the exception of Pain, all SF-20 subscale scores improved significantly by the second survey. In multivariable analyses, dyspnea was predictive of impairment in all SF-20 subscales at the second survey. Conclusions: COVID-19 infection causes persistent abnormality across multiple patient-reported outcome areas, including health status. The persistence of impairment in each health status component is influenced by baseline dyspnea.

scholarly journals Entwicklung von Affiliation während der Psychotherapieausbildung

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Thanbichler ◽  
Oliver Evers ◽  
Heidi Möller ◽  
Svenja Taubner
Keyword(s):  
Close Relationships ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Experiences In Close Relationships

Zusammenfassung Fragestellung Die Studie untersuchte die Entwicklung von Affiliation bei psychotherapeutischen Ausbildungskandidat:innen in Bezug auf ihr therapeutisches Handeln, ihre Selbstwahrnehmung und ihre Wahrnehmung von Klient:innen. Zudem wurde der Einfluss von Bindungsrepräsentationen und Selbsterfahrung auf die Affiliation betrachtet. Material und Methode In einem naturalistischen Prä-Post-Design bewerteten Ausbildungskandidat:innen unterschiedlicher therapeutischer Orientierungen (n = 126) verschiedene Affiliationsdimensionen in schwierigen Therapiesituationen (Intrex Questionnaire Short Form) über den Abstand von 3 Jahren. Bindungsangst und Bindungsvermeidung wurden zu Beginn (Experiences in Close Relationships, ECR-RD), Länge und Zufriedenheit der Selbsterfahrung am Ende des Erhebungszeitraums erfasst. Die Zusammenhangsanalysen wurden in Mehrebenenmodellen realisiert. Ergebnisse Die Affiliation im eigenen therapeutischen Verhalten und in der Wahrnehmung des Klient:innenverhaltens zeigte Steigerungen kleiner Effektgröße, wobei Bindungsvermeidung eine geringere Affiliation im eigenen Verhalten voraussagte. Die selbstbezogene Affiliation nahm mit einer mittleren Effektgröße ab; hierbei war Bindungsangst mit einer niedrigeren Affiliation assoziiert. Die Selbsterfahrungsdauer wies einen negativen Zusammenhang mit der Wahrnehmung des Klient:innenverhaltens auf; dieser Effekt kehrte sich bei hoher Bindungsvermeidung um. Die Zufriedenheit mit Selbsterfahrung hatte keinen Einfluss auf die Affiliationsentwicklung. Schlussfolgerung Die interpersonelle und intrapsychische Affiliation von angehenden Psychotherapeut:innen ist z. T. durch Bindungsrepräsentationen geprägt, unterliegt aber Entwicklungsprozessen. Die Abnahme selbstbezogener Affiliation zeigt die Notwendigkeit für kompensatorische und ressourcenstärkende Maßnahmen in der Psychotherapieausbildung.

scholarly journals Validation of the French Version of the Experiences in Close Relationships– Revised (ECR-R) Adult Romantic Attachment Questionnaire

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Favez ◽  
Hervé Tissot ◽  
Paolo Ghisletta ◽  
Philippe Golay ◽  
Sarah Cairo Notari
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Romantic Attachment ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
French Version ◽  
Adult Romantic Attachment ◽  
Experiences In Close Relationships

Abstract. This study aimed to validate the French version of the Experiences in Close Relationships–Revised (ECR-R) adult attachment questionnaire by investigating its internal structure and construct validity. The sample (N = 600) consisted of an equal number of male and female participants aged 25–45 years. Variables linked to adult romantic attachment (marital satisfaction, sexual satisfaction and fears associated with sexual activities, and self-esteem) were assessed using a set of questionnaires. The reliability of the two attachment dimensions (viz., avoidance and anxiety) was satisfactory. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the original two-factor model explained the data collected with the French ECR-R most satisfactorily. The assessment of measurement invariance showed that the structure is the same across the original U. S. sample and our sample, across men and women, and across single individuals and those in a couple relationship. Our evaluation of construct validity showed that the higher avoidance and anxiety, the lower self-esteem and sexual satisfaction and the higher the fears associated with sexuality. These results are theoretically coherent and consistent with those of previous studies of the English version of the scale. We conclude that the French version is valid.

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