Dimensions of Familial Allocentrism in Brazilian Mothers from State Capitals and Small Cities

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lucia Seidl-de-Moura ◽  
Cílio Ziviani ◽  
Ângela Donato Oliva ◽  
Ana Carolina Fioravanti-Bastos ◽  
Rodolfo de Castro Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Dimensional Measure ◽  
The Family ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Best Fit

AbstractThis study focuses on 606 Brazilian women’s cultural models regarding their relation with their family, as evaluated by the Family Allocentrism Idiocentrism Scale (FAS). The scale was translated into Portuguese, submitted to back-translation and adapted. Analyses of the scale’s structure indicated that the best fit model involves two independent factors. Univariate GLM (General Linear Model) analyses showed that the place where mothers were raised presented a significant effect on their scores on factor 1 (normative familial allocentrism). Mothers raised on rural areas have higher scores on this factor, than the ones raised on urban areas. The opposite occurred with factor 2 (relational familial allocentrism). The set of evidences indicate that the FAS may be a bi-dimensional measure. One dimension would be part of a more stable and basic model of relation to family, constructed during development. The second dimension would be related to more recent experiences and would be more readily affected by socio-cultural context changes, including in acculturation processes.

An empirical study of elder abuse in the state of Uttar Pradesh of India

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avanish Bhai Patel ◽  
Anindya J. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family

Purpose Elder abuse is the matter of grave concern in recent times in India. Today, older people are facing the abusive behaviour such as maltreatment, mental and physical torture and heedless ignominy from the family and the society. The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of elder abuse in Indian socio-cultural context and also focuses on the causes of elder abuse and abusers. Design/methodology/approach Mixed method design has been applied in this paper. The study has been conducted from October 2012-January 2013 on a sample of 220 older people living in both rural and urban areas of Lucknow, India. The data have been analysed through descriptive and narrative analysis. Findings The study finds that the emotional abuse is more common among the older people, which raises the feeling of insecurity, depression and isolation. The study also points out that the respect, honour, status and authority which were enjoyed by the elderly in the traditional society, have gradually started declining. Moreover, the study finds that the family members, do not provide proper food, clothing and medical facilities in rural areas. Research limitations/implications Since the sample of older respondents was small and focused on those living in a particular area of one state, the authors cannot generalise from this study to include the great diversity of experience and difference in perceptions among the older people even within a particular state. However, widespread and diverse types of accounts of elder abuse were reported even in these settings, which can help indicate areas for future research and policies. Originality/value This is an original paper, which is based on the experiences of older people living in rural-urban areas and discussed the elder abuse in socio-cultural context.

scholarly journals UNE ETUDE DES DETERMINISMES A LA BASE DE L’ECHEC SCOLAIRE LE CAS DES PAYS DU TIERS MONDE(1)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. K. Nzunga
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Third World ◽  
Efficient Solution ◽  
Language Of Instruction ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Culture Of Origin

Fare has been established as a major issue, in primary and secondary schools within the Third World countries. This work sets out to reveal the possible determinants of this phenomenon. A comparison between performance in the rural areas and the urban areas has produced a lot of data on the determinants of school failure and repetition. The researcher seeks to establish the link between failure and the level of intelligence of the learners, the language of instruction, the financial status of the family and the culture of origin. The researcher hopes that by so doing, it would be easier to find a practical and efficient solution, to this problem, which is a great stambling block in the Third World countries.

Young People and Employment in the South West

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Dunkerley ◽  
Claire Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
South West ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Family

From a comprehensive survey of over 1200 17 and 18 year olds in Devon and Cornwall, the paper concentrates on the economic position of young people. Important differences were found between the young people in urban and rural areas. Of interest here is the role played by them in the local economy. The rural South West is shown to be characterized by a prevalence of self-employment and small businesses. Furthermore, factors such as a shortage of housing and travelling difficulties leads to different kinds of interdependence between parents and children in rural areas from those found in urban areas. Although in rural areas a dependence of young people upon the family was found, this was balanced by the dependence of the family on them in the sense of a young person’s labour often being a crucial part of the family business. This interdependence is intensified in many rural businesses where there is often no geographical separation of home and workplace. The far South West experiences some of the highest unemployment and the lowest wages in the UK and yet young people in rural areas were found to have developed coping strategies manifested in both formal and informal work practices, casualization and self-employment. The ‘pluriactivity’ found shows young people socialized into long hours, hard work and poor rewards. It is clear from the results that young people are not simply passively dependent upon the household nor that the flow of resources goes simply from parents to children. Small scale rural enterprises in which young people are employed or seek to be employed still show a marked gender division of tasks. Further, it was difficult in many instances to make a clear distinction between work and non-work although again distinct gender differences are visible.

scholarly journals Prevalence of self-injury, suicidal ideation, plans and attempts in adolescents aged 13 to 19 years of age

2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Pawłowska ◽  
Emilia Potembska ◽  
Maciej Zygo ◽  
Marcin Olajossy
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
The Family

Abstract Introduction. Increased suicide rates, both among adults and adolescents, have been seen in Poland over recent years. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of self-injury, suicide ideation, plans and attempts in adolescents aged 13 to 19 years. Material and methods. The study encompassed the total number of 6883 individuals aged 13 to 19 years, 69% of them being girls and 31% - boys. All respondents lived in Lubelskie Province. The research was conducted using a questionnaire designed by the authors. Results. In the group composed of 6883 adolescents living in Lublin Province, suicide ideation was reported by 47.65% of the respondents, suicide plans by 32.35%, suicide attempts were carried out by 10% of adolescents and self-injury by 24.91% of the respondents aged 13 to 19 years. Conclusions. The greatest prevalence of suicide ideation, plans and attempts, as well as self-injuries, were recorded in the group of adolescents aged 17. The adolescents living in the urban areas are more likely to inflict self-injury than those living in rural areas. Furthermore, adolescents with suicidal tendencies, e.g. attempting suicide and self-injury, are more prone to alcohol and substance abuse. It needs emphasizing that many adolescents with suicidal tendencies, compared against those who did not carry them out, have past experience of psychological, physical and sexual violence in the family, have been raised by a single parent or in families, where one of the parents abused alcohol.

scholarly journals Physical, Psychological and Sexual Abuse of the Minor in the Families from the Northwestern Region of Romania- Social and Medical Forensics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camelia Liana BUHAȘ ◽  
Claudia JUDEA-PUSTA ◽  
Bogdan Adrian BUHAȘ ◽  
Simona BUNGAU ◽  
Adrian Sorin JUDEA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
Physical Neglect

Background: In Romania, the abuse within the family of the minor child is a widespread phenomenon, its extent is insufficiently known because of ignorance/not reporting all the existing cases. Methods: The participants of the research are represented by two independent groups from the NW Romania 2007-2011, one for sociological study (1544 parents and 1283 children) and another for forensic statistical study (2761 cases of abused children). The sociological study was carried out by analyzing questionnaires applied in schools located in Bihor County, both to children and parents. The statistical analysis was carried out by studying the cases of the physically, sexually, and psychologically abused minors, recorded at Bihor County Forensic Service. Results: Physical neglect and physical abuse are the most common forms of child abuse. The forensic analysis highlight that most of the victims are male from urban areas. Physical abuse is more common in the 16-18 age group, psychological abuse in children aged between 6-10 yr, and sexual abuse in children under the age of 14 years. Girls were subject to sexual abuse, neglect, and emotional abuse, more frequently in rural areas; boys were most often victims of exploitation, physical, and emotional abuse in both urban and rural areas. Conclusion: The results of the study led to the formulation of general guidelines on this phenomenon and highlight the need for proposals to improve the current situation of child abuse within the family.

scholarly journals Family Involvement in Child Education and the Family-School Relationship in Romania

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Costică Lupu
Keyword(s):  
Family Involvement ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
School Year ◽  
Unit Management ◽  
The Family

The two fields, science and research, are in a relationship of mutual conditioning, meaning that there can be no science without research and no research can be conducted outside the normative framework of science. In the current context, these links appear to be more necessary than ever. Indeed, the social mission of the school increasingly surpasses the mere achievement of the pedagogical objectives from the school curriculum, given also the fact that many parents are too concerned with family, social or professional problems in order to be able to attend to their child’s progress or the consistency between the education that the child receives and the education received by the child in the family and at school. To this end, we conducted an experimental research aiming to optimize the study of concrete possibilities for improving the school-family communication and the consequences entailed by this optimization. The main purpose of this questionnaire was to identify the students’ opinion about the school’s involvement of the family in their education and the consequences of a more aggressive involvement of parents in their children’s education. The research subjects are students in the 12th grade, the Profile Services, the domain of Tourism and food, and their parents. The team of this class consists of 92 students, 44 girls and 48 boys from different backgrounds, with socially and financially vulnerable, 36 of them from urban areas and the remaining 56 families from rural areas. Based on the fact that during the school year, from the first meeting with the parents and until the present moment I have managed to build and develop a partnership relationship between the parents of the students in my class and the school, represented by the unit management, teachers and myself as head teacher of the respective class, I believe that the strategies (methods and techniques) used were effective and gave the expected result. This relationship should be further maintained and developed in order to achieve the results that we want in our work as educators. The conclusion we should draw is that cooperation between school and family means an agreement where each partner should respond to the other’s needs and intentions. In order for this to be possible, parents should contact the school not only when they are summoned to meetings with parents or when children are faced with certain difficulties.

scholarly journals Appraising Agroecological Urbanism: A Vision for the Future of Sustainable Cities

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Acga Cheng ◽  
Nurul Syafiqah Noor Azmi ◽  
Yin Mei Ng ◽  
Didier Lesueur ◽  
Sumiani Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Effective Interactions ◽  
Sustainable Soil Management ◽  
The Face ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Best Fit

By the mid-century, urban areas are expected to house two-thirds of the world’s population of approximately 10 billion people. The key challenge will be to provide food for all with fewer farmers in rural areas and limited options for expanding cultivated fields in urban areas, with sustainable soil management being a fundamental criterion for achieving sustainability goals. Understanding how nature works in a fast changing world and fostering nature-based agriculture (such as low-input farming) are crucial for sustaining food systems in the face of worsening urban heat island (UHI) effects and other climatic variables. The best fit for the context is transformative agroecology, which connects ecological networks, sustainable farming approaches, and social movements through change-oriented research and action. Even though agroecology has been practiced for over a century, its potential to address the socioeconomic impact of the food system remained largely unexplored until recently. Agroecological approaches, which involve effective interactions between researchers, policy makers, farmers, and consumers, can improve social cohesion and socioeconomic synergies while reducing the use of various agricultural inputs. This review presents a timeline of agroecology transformation from the past to the present and discusses the possibilities, prospects, and challenges of agroecological urbanism toward a resilient urban future.

scholarly journals Family and Kindergarten - the Partnership for Education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Repciuc (Jucan)
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
The Family ◽  
Educational Partnership ◽  
Family Partnership ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
At Home

This paper presents both theoretical and practical aspects of the significance of this kindergarten-family partnership with the mission to inform both teachers and parents about the importance of collaboration and to offer some suggestions by which we can make the communication between these two parts. The main objective underlying this paper is to study in detail the partnership between kindergarten and family and to analyze the reasons why this partnership is not fully realized in order to facilitate better communication between these two parties. The paper is structured in 3 chapters as follows: In the first chapter, called "The family environment and its educational value", the paper deals with topics such as: family - a polysematic concept, family functions and educational styles in the family. In these second chapter, called "Kindergarten-family relationship, active and efficient partners in early education", the paper focuses on: the concept of educational partnership, collaboration between family and kindergarten - guarantee of school success, the opportunity of the educational partnership family-kindergarten, implementation of the family-kindergarten partnership and the importance of the kindergarten-family partnership in the formation and development of the personality of the preschool child. In the third chapter, which is the case study, “Comparison between the urban and rural areas, regarding the kindergarten-family partnership problem”, the paper focuses on the level of involvement of parents and teachers in the issue of their involvement in the education of children. I will also analyze the difference between rural and urban areas regarding the problem of partnership and the involvement of parents and educators. The family must always be involved in the education of the child at home and at school. The partnership between family and kindergarten represents a strong collaborative relationship, with the help of which we work in a team to establish the best methods of collaboration and education for the child. The kindergarten helps the child to develop psychically, physically and intellectually, leaving him with a bag of information that will help him in the future. Many may ask this question "What role does the family play in this process?". Well, the family gives the child the seven years at home, which are extremely important. Without the seven years at home, the educator cannot function as well as he or she would like. Without the help and involvement of the family in the relationship with the kindergarten, this process we call Partnership, would not exist. Also, in performing the processing and interpretation of the data from this research, the statistical method was used. After centralizing all the answers, I found the following facts: Parents are selective when it comes to their involvement in different activities within the kindergarten. The parents together with the teachers appreciate the importance of the partnership. In both urban and rural areas, we can say that there is openness and transparency when it comes to this partnership and between parents and teachers do not find communication problems.

RESILIENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE AMONG RURAL AND URBAN POPULATION IN CHIDAMBARAM TALUK - A COMPARATIVE STUDY

YMER Digital ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 780-789
Author(s):  
Dr. T Pugalenthi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Ozone Depletion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Town

The intense changes in climate change directly and indirectly affect the agriculture, food supply and even the service sectors. Hence, as we people have to change our method of agriculture and other elated activates. The study was conducted in Chidambaram Taluk in Cuddalore District. The present study covered the four villages and five wards were selected from town. First, selection of village which are nearer to the town and wards in the town often affected by heavy rain, drought during summer and in general affected agriculture, food supply. Proportionate Random sampling techniques was used. Total sample size was 180 as proportionate to the population in the wards and villages. Finally 172 were used for the analysis and presentation. The study conducted with the following objectives.To understand the socio-economic and demographic conditions of the respondents in the study area, To examine the resilience of climate changes among the rural respondents and to analyse the use of different method used among the respondents in the study area To prove the association between the variables such as sex, place, religion, caste, occupation, income of the family, age, presently cropping. Holding agricultural lands statistically prove, the resilience accepted by place, education. Presently cropping and those who were having agricultural lands in the study area were significantly associated at 1% level. Income of the family religion, caste were significantly associated at 5% level. Create awareness campaign about the ozone depletion and the effects ozone depletion in both rural and urban areas. Insurance scheme on flood damage was poor response in rural areas but it was little higher in urban areas as they were all affected in the past 5 years than rural people. Adaptation of forecasting system was also poor in rural areas. Motivate the rural people to follow forecasting measures given by the government agencies and NGOs.

Factors associated with the family migration of farmer-workers in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-101
Author(s):  
Feng Sun ◽  
Jing Jian Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Family Migration ◽  
Older Parents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mobile Population ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Farmer Workers

The massive migration of laborers from rural areas to urban areas has resulted in many family issues including those related to children’s education and the protection and care of older parents. The purpose of this study was to explore factors associated with the family migration of farmer-workers. Using data from the 2012 China Mobile Population Survey, factors associated with family migration of farmer-workers were identified and policy recommendations for helping migrant-worker families stay together were discussed.

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