scholarly journals (A110) Cardiac Trauma in Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s38-s39
Author(s):  
D.U. Krivchenya ◽  
Y.O. Rudenko ◽  
P.P. Sokur
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valves ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Surgical Operation ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Heart Wall ◽  
Heart Lesions

Heart trauma is a severe form of thoracic trauma with an incidence of 7–14%. Heart trauma can be either open or blunt, with the latter more prevalent during a disaster. Possible open heart injuries include: (1) pericardial injuries; (2) superficial myocardial and coronary vessels injuries; and (3) penetrating cardiac wounds. The variants of blunt heart trauma include: (1) heart concussion and contusion; (2) rupture of the heart wall and intracardiac structures; (3) rupture of cusps and cords of the heart valves; and (4) cardiac septa (i.e., post-traumatic heart lesions). The latter are characteristic of injuries caused by a fall, and/or a crushing event. The course of heart trauma is severe, and is complicated by the development of shock and catastrophic hemodynamic disorders due to the sudden occurrence of post-traumatic heart lesions and infarction. Thus, verifying cardiac trauma can be complicated. Diagnosing and assessing the severity of heart trauma requires the measurement of intra-arterial and central venous pressures, chest radiography, electrocardiography, pericardial puncture, echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, cardioangiography, and measurement of heart enzymes. One-hundred twenty-seven patients ages 2 to 42 years with open (92.1%) and blunt (7.9%) cardiac trauma were treated. Of these patients, 16.5% were children and teenagers. The challenges of treating heart trauma include simultaneously carrying out anti-shock treatment, surgical operation, and resuscitation measures. If post-traumatic heart lesions are diagnosed, surgical correction should be performed despite cardiac decompression. The use of cardiopulmonary bypass is essential.

scholarly journals "The assessment of odontophobia among Syrian refugees at the Moroccan military medical and surgical hospital in the Zaatari camp in Jordan and its influence by post-traumatic stress disorder : about an epidemiological investigation".

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hariri El Mehdi ◽  
Sellouti Mohamed ◽  
Nguadi Jaouad ◽  
Chhoul Hakima
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Post Traumatic

Introduction : Odontophobia is a complex anxiety disorder related to excessive fear of dental care. Of multifactorial origin, it affects more females than males at all ages. Odontophobia can also be associated with other disorders, namely post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is recognized in refugees from civil wars. Materials and methods : Descriptive and analytical cross-sectional epidemiological study, carried out during February 2020 at the Syrian refugee camp in Zaatari, Jordan, involving 200 consultants at the dental office to assess their degree of odontophobia and to determine the risk factors associated with this disorder, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Results : The authors collated 200 subjects of which 125 (62.5%) were phobic with a corah score (> or = to 13) and 75 (37.5%) were non-phobic with a corah score (< to 13). The sex ratio was statistically different between the two populations with a predominance of female sex (p=0.025). odontophobia is also related to the length of time spent in Syria during the civil war, it is observed more in 96 (48%) patients who spent between (13 and 24 months) (p=0.017). Similarly, odontophobia is influenced by post-traumatic stress disorder in its severe form (p=0.011). Conclusion: Descriptive and analytical observational epidemiological study showing the high prevalence of odontophobia among Syrian refugees consulting at the dental office of the Moroccan military medical-surgical hospital in Zaatari camp in Jordan and its influence by post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Cardiac complications in trauma

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Lam ◽  
Leslie Kobayashi ◽  
Demetrios Demetriades
Keyword(s):  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Blunt Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Electrocardiographic Changes ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-traumatic cardiac complications may occur after penetrating or blunt injuries to the heart or may follow severe extracardiac injuries. The majority of victims with penetrating injuries to the heart die at the scene and do not reach hospital care. For those patients who reach hospital care, an immediate operation, sometimes in the emergency room, cardiac injury repair, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation provide the only possibility of survival. Many patients develop perioperative cardiac complications such as acute cardiac failure, cardiac arrhythmias, coronary air embolism, and myocardial infarction. Some survivors develop post-operative functional abnormalities or anatomical defects, which may not manifest during the early post-operative period. It is essential that all survivors undergo detailed early and late cardiac evaluations. Blunt cardiac trauma encompasses a wide spectrum of injuries that includes asymptomatic myocardial contusion, arrhythmias, or cardiogenic shock to full-thickness cardiac rupture and death. Clinical examination, electrocardiograms, troponin measurements, and echocardiography are the cornerstone of diagnosis and monitoring of these patients. Lastly, some serious extracardiac traumatic conditions, such as traumatic pneumonectomy and severe traumatic brain injury, may result in cardiac complications. This may include tachyarrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, electrocardiographic changes, troponin elevations, heart failure, and cardiac arrest.

Clinical Approach to Patients With Infection

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Wilson ◽  
Lynn L. Estes
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valves ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Prosthetic Joints ◽  
Infection Disease

•Define the host: Identify factors that influence the type of infection, disease progression, and prognosis, which include:• Host factors such as patient age, immune status (eg, immunosuppression or the absence of a spleen), the presence of foreign bodies (eg, central venous catheter, permanent pacemaker, intracardiac defibrillator, prosthetic heart valves, prosthetic joints), or other comorbid conditions, ...

scholarly journals Migraine phenotype prolongs recovery time in traumatic brain injury (TBI)

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (23 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S17.3-S18
Author(s):  
Cynthia Bennett-Brown ◽  
Sarah Ostrowski-Delahanty ◽  
Tracy Lynn Johnson ◽  
M. Cristina Victorio ◽  
Susan K. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
Outpatient Visit ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Prolonged Recovery ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Id Migraine

We proposed that children and adolescents who had headache of migraine phenotype at initial neurologic assessment after mild TBI would take longer to clear for return to play than those who did not have those headache characteristics. Additionally, we predicted that those with migraine phenotype would be more likely to have comorbid mood or cognitive symptoms, which would also contribute to prolonged recovery. To test this, we assessed all new patients for the presence or absence of migraine phenotype with the Three-Item ID migraine screener (Lipton et al. 2003) at the first outpatient visit. Over the 5 months follow up interval (October 2017–February 2018), office visit data for 121 patients (ages 0–19 years) showed that 61% presented initially with a migraine phenotype. In that interval, 48% % (N = 58) were cleared for return to play. Those with migraine phenotype headache took longer to clear (99 vs 71 days respectively, p = 0.004). Neither age nor gender made a significant impact on length of recovery when only the presence or absence of migraine phenotype alone was considered. If patients had a migraine (vs non-migraine) phenotype headache and comorbid cognitive or behavioral symptoms (38% in our sample), their time to recovery was prolonged (109 vs 74 days respectively; F (1, 56) = 7.215, p = 0.009). These data suggest that early identification of migraine phenotype in assessment of post-traumatic headache can lead to aggressive treatment of headache, thus shortening the interval of disability after TBI. Cognitive and behavioral symptoms seem to have additional impact on recovery and should be addressed and supported in rehabilitation.

scholarly journals TROMBOCYTOSIS FOLLOWING SPLENECTOMY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Andreea Ligia Dinca ◽  
◽  
Cristina Oana Marginean ◽  
Despina Baghiu ◽  
Alina Grama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Mild Form ◽  
Reactive Thrombocytosis ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Post Traumatic

Thrombocytosis represents a platelet count over 500.000/mm³. Objective. The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency and gravity of reactive thrombocytosis in pediatric patients who underwent splenectomy. Material and method. We performed a retrospective study including 20 patients (4-16 years old) who underwent splenectomy between 2006-2015. The inclusion criteria in the study were: patients with the age under 18 years, who underwent splenectomy independently by the cause, and who developed afterwards thrombocytosis. Results. In the studied group 64% of the splenectomised patients (16) developed a form of thrombocytosis. In 4 cases – severe form (Platelets > 1 million/mm3) and in 7 cases a mild form. There were not noticed any significant differences regarding the gender repartition of the patients (9 were females, and 11 were males). In 13 patients, thrombocytosis disappeared after 30 days, and only in 3 cases, the episode lasted more than 360 days. Thrombotic phenomena were noticed only in one patient from our study group. All the patients benefited from thromboprophylaxis and hydration measures, and 2 cases needed associated treatment with Hydroxyurea. Conclusions. Our study reveals an increased frequency of thrombocytosis after splenectomy (80%), with a maximum peak of incidence in 2-10 days following the intervention, thrombocytosis being generally benign and self-limited; still one of the cases experienced thrombotic complications and severe thrombocytosis was more frequent after post-traumatic splenectomy.

scholarly journals Large Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Presenting After Mitral Valve Replacement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
filippo prestipino ◽  
Riccardo D’Ascoli ◽  
Giampaolo Luzi
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Mitral Valve Replacement ◽  
Coronary Occlusion ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Surgical Operation ◽  
Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm ◽  
Cardiac Wall ◽  
Pseudo Aneurysm

Abstract Left ventricular pseudo-aneurysm is a rupture of the cardiac wall tamponated by the pericardium. It can be caused by coronary occlusion, cardiac trauma, endocarditis or it may follow a mitral valve replacement. Mortality, if not treated, is greater than 10% and diagnosis must be supported by imaging investigations. Surgery is often the only choice, at high risk, and it should be planned basing on specific anatomy. Diagnosis of left ventricular pseudo-aneurysm after the replacement of the mitral valve usually occur accidentally; in the case, we presented it was discovered 2 years after the intervention. The patient was treated successfully with planned surgical operation.

scholarly journals Minimally invasive hemodynamic monitoring in septic patient

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Liliana Mirea ◽  
◽  
Ioana Marina Grinţescu ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Hypovolemic Shock ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Haemodynamic Monitoring ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring ◽  
Distributive Shock ◽  
Hemodynamic Model ◽  
Severe Pathology

Sepsis is the predominant diagnosis in the intensive care – a severe pathology, which implies a significant consumption of resources. The septic shock is the most severe form of sepsis, characterized by a hemodynamic collapse, having a mortality between 40-50%, despite recent advances related to technology for monitoring or therapeutic possibilities. The key to improving the prognosis of these patients is the recovery of hemodynamic, including microcirculatory, limiting peripheral hypoperfusion period. The theoretical hemodynamic model of septic shock is rare in practice, patients are associating the elements of distributive shock, but also elements of hypovolemic shock or cardiogenic elements. Therefore, the parameters characterizing the macro-circulation, as those type mean blood pressure or central venous pressure are irrelevant in these circumstances and it is always required an advanced and continuous haemodynamic monitoring integrating such parameters obtained into the treatment decisions.

Cardiac complications in trauma

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demetrios Demetriades ◽  
Leslie Kobayashi ◽  
Lydia Lam
Keyword(s):  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Blunt Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Electrocardiographic Changes ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-traumatic cardiac complications may occur after penetrating or blunt injuries to the heart or may follow severe extracardiac injuries. The majority of victims with penetrating injuries to the heart die at the scene and do not reach hospital care. For those patients who reach hospital care, an immediate operation, sometimes in the emergency room, cardiac injury repair, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation provide the only possibility of survival. Many patients develop perioperative cardiac complications such as acute cardiac failure, cardiac arrhythmias, coronary air embolism, and myocardial infarction. Some survivors develop post-operative functional abnormalities or anatomical defects, which may not manifest during the early post-operative period. It is essential that all survivors undergo detailed early and late cardiac evaluations. Blunt cardiac trauma encompasses a wide spectrum of injuries that includes asymptomatic myocardial contusion, arrhythmias, or cardiogenic shock to full-thickness cardiac rupture and death. Clinical examination, electrocardiograms, troponin measurements, and echocardiography are the cornerstone of diagnosis and monitoring of these patients. Lastly, some serious extracardiac traumatic conditions, such as traumatic pneumonectomy and severe traumatic brain injury, may result in cardiac complications. This may include tachyarrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, electrocardiographic changes, troponin elevations, heart failure, and cardiac arrest.

Cardiac complications in trauma

2021 ◽  
pp. 820-829
Author(s):  
Lydia Lam ◽  
Leslie Kobayashi ◽  
Demetrios Demetriades
Keyword(s):  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Blunt Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Electrocardiographic Changes ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-traumatic cardiac complications may occur after penetrating or blunt injuries to the heart or may follow severe extracardiac injuries. The majority of victims with penetrating injuries to the heart die at the scene and do not reach hospital care. For those patients who reach hospital care, an immediate operation, sometimes in the emergency room, cardiac injury repair, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation provide the only possibility of survival. Many patients develop perioperative cardiac complications such as acute cardiac failure, cardiac arrhythmias, coronary air embolism, and myocardial infarction. Some survivors develop post-operative functional abnormalities or anatomical defects, which may not manifest during the early post-operative period. It is essential that all survivors undergo detailed early and late cardiac evaluations. Blunt cardiac trauma encompasses a wide spectrum of injuries that includes asymptomatic myocardial contusion, arrhythmias, or cardiogenic shock to full-thickness cardiac rupture and death. Clinical examination, electrocardiograms, troponin measurements, and echocardiography are the cornerstone of diagnosis and monitoring of these patients. Lastly, some serious extracardiac traumatic conditions, such as traumatic pneumonectomy and severe traumatic brain injury, may result in cardiac complications. This may include tachyarrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, electrocardiographic changes, troponin elevations, heart failure, and cardiac arrest.

Prevention and Management of Infective Endocarditis

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 295-313
Author(s):  
Julie McMorrow ◽  
Milap C. Nahata
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Defects ◽  
Septal Defects ◽  
Endocardial Surface ◽  
Diagnosis Therapy ◽  
Heart Wall

Infective endocarditis is an infection of the endocardial surface of the heart and usually involves one or more heart valves but may occur on septal defects or the heart wall. Its incidence is approximately 1 per 1,000 adults and 0.5 per 1,000 pediatric hospital admissions. Factors predisposing to infective endocarditis include degenerative heart disease, survivable congenital cardiac defects, use of invasive procedures, chronic immunosuppression, and intravenous drug abuse. This article discusses the pathophysiology, diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of infective endocarditis.

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