The Fine Surface Structure of the Male Genital Bulb of the Dwarf Spider Catabrithorax Plumosus

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
C Cady ◽  
R. V. Cyrus ◽  
J. L. Kaspar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Amyl Acetate ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Fine Surface ◽  
Genital Structure ◽  
Ethanol Series ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Male Genital

The spider Catabrithorax plumosus (Emerton) family Linyphiidae, subfamily Erigoninae is a member of an abundant yet reclusive group known as the dwarf spiders. Collectively, these are the smallest spiders in North America. Most measure only 1-3 mm in length, creating difficulties in indentification. The morphology of the male genital bulb, located on the distal pedipalp, is of great importance to the taxonomist in identifying spiders to the species level. This study examines the complex male genital structure in both the expanded and unexpended condition by means of the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).Pedipalps were removed at the trochanter-femur articulation, dehydrated in 70% ethanol and expanded by Immersion in lactic acid for 6-8 h. After complete expansion a graded amyl acetate series preceeded critical point drying. Unexpanded palps were dehydrated in an ethanol series followed by a graded amyl acetate series in ethanol. Specimens were critical point dried from CO2 and given an evaporated coating of carbon-gold. Specimens were examined in a Hitachi HHS-2R Scanning Electron Microscope operating at an accelerating voltage of 10 kV.

Pulmonary microcirculation: tubules rather than sheet and post

1982 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 510-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Guntheroth ◽  
D. L. Luchtel ◽  
I. Kawabori
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Ringer Solution ◽  
Basic Component ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Pulmonary Microcirculation ◽  
Scanning Electron

We examined latex casts of the pulmonary microcirculation with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Mature rats were anesthetized and ventilated; the pulmonary vasculature was washed out with lactated Ringer solution and then filled with a mixture of Geon latexes. The airways were filled with glutaraldehyde with resulting transmural vascular pressures of 10 cmH2O. After critical-point drying and corrosive removal of the lung tissue, SEM studies of the vascular replicas revealed two distinct patterns of pulmonary microcirculation: 1) sparse, long, tubular capillaries that comprise the thin subpleural layer and appear as “filler” in the peribronchial spaces; and 2) alveolar microcirculation that is composed of tightly matted, intersecting tubules, shorter but of the same diameter as type 1, in spherical array in two layers. The alveolar capillaries at low magnification appear superficially as sheets; however, the detailed morphology is not consistent with the sheet-and-post model. We conclude that the basic component of the pulmonary microcirculation is tubular and not different from other capillary beds except in density.

A comparison of microstructures of Cheddar cheese curd manufactured with calf rennet, bovine pepsin, and porcine pepsin

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Eino ◽  
D. A. Biggs ◽  
D. M. Irvine ◽  
D. W. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Cheddar Cheese ◽  
Microscope Examination ◽  
Porcine Pepsin ◽  
Electron Microscope Examination ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Cheese Curd ◽  
Scanning Electron

SummaryCalf rennet, bovine pepsin, and porcine pepsin were used to produce cheese curd, using the same milk and lactic culture for each. Specimens were prepared for scanning electron microscope examination by a modified critical-point drying technique.From examination of the micrographs, the curd made with bovine and porcine pepsin were similar in structure and in orientation of the coagulated protein, whereas the curd produced with rennet was different, having a more compact and organized structure.

Scanning Electron Microscopy of soft-bodied tephritid larvae

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-490
Author(s):  
R. Paul ◽  
V. C. Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Soft Body ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
White Film ◽  
Ethanol Series ◽  
Scanning Electron

The soft body of dipteran larva has been posing a difficulty for entomologist to go for scanning electron microscopy. Dehydration by the conventional methods results in crumpling of the larval integument thereby distorting the minute details. The cuticle is impermeable to various types of fixatives and its puncturing with needle causes severe distortion of structure due to haemoiymphloss. To avoid this a new method was developed to prepare specimen for scanning electron microscopy. The specimen was kept in doubled is tilled deionized water at 60°C for half an hour before further treatment. It was sonicated in mild detergent (Sodium bicarbonate) for 30 sec. It was again washed with deionized water and specimen was placed in modified super skiper's solution (Grodowitz et al., 1982) and then rinsed twice in Carl's solution, after dehydration through ethanol series, critical point drying was done. Specimen was coated with gold pulludium and photographed by using JEM - 1200 EX (Jeol) electron microscope and Indu Panchromatic 125 ASA black and white film.

A technique for preparing Beauveria spp. for scanning electron microscopy

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (15) ◽  
pp. 1700-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Quattlebaum ◽  
G. R. Carner
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Scanning Electron

Vapor fixation for 96 h with 1% osmium tetroxide (OsO4) and 3–4 days air drying produced distortion-free specimens of Beauveria spp. for examination with the scanning electron microscope. A combination of 4 h OsO4 vapor fixation and freeze-drying also reduced disruption satisfactorily but specimens were not as well preserved as with the first method. Preparation methods that were ineffective in preventing collapse of hydrophilic structures were Cling Free® sprayed on specimens prior to examination, freeze-drying, critical-point drying (of unfixed material), and vapor fixation with glutaraldehyde.

scholarly journals High-Resolution Imaging of Dried and Living Single Bacterial Cell Surfaces: Artifact or Not?

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Greif ◽  
Daniel Wesner ◽  
Dario Anselmetti ◽  
Jan Regtmeier
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Metal Coating ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Cell Surfaces ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Sem Imaging ◽  
Scanning Electron

When studying highly resolved scanning electron microscope images of cell surfaces, the question arises, whether the observed patterns are real or just artifacts of the cell preparation process. The following steps are usually necessary for preparation: fixation, drying, and metal coating. Each step might introduce different artifacts. Clever techniques have been developed to dry cells as gently as possible, for example critical point drying with different organic solvents and CO2. Instrument manufacturers also have taken account of this issue, for example, through the realization of the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), operating with a low-vacuum environment saturated with water so that samples might stay hydrated. Another approach is the extreme high-resolution scanning electron microscope (XHR SEM), where the electron beam is decelerated shortly before reaching the sample. This technique requires no metal coating of the sample. Cryo-SEM also may be used, where no sample preparation is required beyond freezing in a high-pressure freezer or other cryo-fixation device. Then the cell can be examined in the frozen, hydrated state using a cryostage. However, at least some kind of preparation is necessary for SEM imaging, and we wanted to find out what changes the preparation makes on the cell surface.

scholarly journals The Use of Poly-L-lysine as an Adhesive in Scanning Electron Microscopy

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
Jeannette Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Silicon Chips ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Sputter Coating ◽  
History Of ◽  
Water Drops ◽  
Processing Steps ◽  
Suspended Cells ◽  
Scanning Electron

Poly-L-lysine of a medium molecular weight, 30,000 to 70,000 Daltons (Sigma–Aldrich), is currently used in our facility as a polycationic adhesive on 5 mm square silicon chips to secure individual anionic cells and particles for ease of processing and viewing in the scanning electron microscope. In this technique, a solution of 1 mg/ml of poly-L-lysine is dissolved in distilled water. Drops of the solution are placed onto clean 5 mm square silicon chips and allowed to sit for one to several hours before being wicked away. The prepared chips are used immediately. Suspended cells are then applied to the chips and allowed to settle and adhere, after which they are washed and fixed. Alternatively, fixed suspended cells or particles are applied to these silicon chips. The cells and particles secured to the silicon chips are easily handled through processing steps such as dehydration, critical point drying, and metal sputter coating for viewing in the scanning electron microscope. Presented herein is a brief history of the evolution of the technique of using poly-L-lysine as an adhesive for SEM.

Excipuloid stroma ontogeny in Peziza quelepidotia

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (17) ◽  
pp. 2049-2054
Author(s):  
K. L. O'donnell ◽  
G. R. Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron

Excipuloid stroma ontogeny in Peziza quelepidotia Korf & O'Donnell was investigated. The scanning electron microscope was used to examine whole specimens from the initials up to maturity. In addition, the internal features of cryofractured, critical-point-dried stroma of various stages were investigated and compared with thick-sectioned, plastic-embedded material viewed in the light microscope. A comparison of these indeterminate vegetative structures with stroma and sclerotia was made.

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