scholarly journals Pulsar Wind Nebulae

1996 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Cordes
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Velocity Component ◽  
Pulsar Wind Nebulae ◽  
Radial Velocity Component ◽  
Ram Pressure ◽  
Pulsar Wind ◽  
Pulsar Winds

AbstractI discuss pulsar wind nebulae for which ram pressure from the neutron star’s motion is a key element of the morphology. These PWN are tools for determining the pulsar distance, radial velocity component, and interaction of pulsar winds with surrounding media. The Guitar Nebula pulsar (B2224+65) also represents a ‘smoking gun’ for velocity kicks from asymmetric supernovae or other rocket effects. The detectability of wind nebulae from pulsars and from as-yet unknown neutron stars is discussed.

Effect of Freestream Radial Velocity Component on Hydrodynamic Analysis of Propellers

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Terry Brockett
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Velocity Component ◽  
Additional Term ◽  
Radial Component ◽  
Radial Velocity Component ◽  
Hydrodynamic Analysis ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Wake Fields

For wake fields with circumferential averages that include a small radial component, an additional termarises in the mathematical model used for design or performance prediction of propellers that has been previously overlooked. This term arises from the boundary condition that the blade is impenetrable and is a function of only geometry and the inflow radial velocity component. This simple additional term is shown to be important for the example considered, leading to a variable change in camber and a pitch reduction.

scholarly journals Kinetic ‘jets’ from fast-moving pulsars

2019 ◽  
Vol 485 (2) ◽  
pp. 2041-2053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim V Barkov ◽  
Maxim Lyutikov ◽  
Noel Klingler ◽  
Pol Bordas
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Pulsar Wind Nebulae ◽  
Ambient Magnetic Field ◽  
Ram Pressure ◽  
Pulsar Wind ◽  
Ism Magnetic Fields

AbstractSome fast-moving pulsars, such as the Guitar and the Lighthouse, exhibit asymmetric non-thermal emission features that extend well beyond their ram pressure confined pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). Based on our 3D relativistic simulations, we analytically explain these features as kinetically streaming pulsar wind particles that escaped into the interstellar medium (ISM) due to reconnection between the PWN and ISM magnetic fields. The structure of the reconnecting magnetic fields at the incoming and outgoing regions produces highly asymmetric magnetic bottles therefore and result in asymmetric extended features. For the features to become visible, the ISM magnetic field should be sufficiently high, BISM > 10 $\mu$G. We also discuss archival observations of PWNe displaying evidence of kinetic jets: the Dragonfly PWN (PSR J2021 + 3651), G327.1–1.1, and MSH 11–62, the latter two of which exhibit symmetric ‘snail eyes’ morphologies. We suggest that in those cases the pulsar is moving along the ambient magnetic field in a frisbee-type configuration.

scholarly journals Pulsar Wind Nebulae and the X‐Ray Emission of Nonaccreting Neutron Stars

2004 ◽  
Vol 617 (1) ◽  
pp. 480-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Cheng ◽  
Ronald E. Taam ◽  
W. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Pulsar Wind Nebulae ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pulsar Wind

scholarly journals HST and VLT Observations of Pulsars and Their Environments

2004 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 391-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Mignani ◽  
A. De Luca ◽  
P. A. Caraveo
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Stars ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Pulsar Wind Nebulae ◽  
Optical Studies ◽  
Pulsar Wind

The state of the art of optical studies of isolated neutron stars (INSs) and their pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) is reviewed. In addition, results obtained from recent HST and VLT observations are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals PeV Emission of the Crab Nebula: Constraints on the Proton Content in Pulsar Wind and Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 922 (2) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Ruo-Yu Liu ◽  
Xiang-Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Crab Nebula ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Ultrahigh Energy ◽  
Pulsar Wind Nebulae ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Pulsar Wind ◽  
The Crab Nebula ◽  
Pulsar Winds ◽  
Cosmic Ray Flux

Abstract Recently, two photons from the Crab Nebula with energy of approximately 1 PeV were detected by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), opening an ultrahigh-energy window for studying pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). Remarkably, the LHAASO spectrum at the highest-energy end shows a possible hardening, which could indicate the presence of a new component. A two-component scenario with a main electron component and a secondary proton component has been proposed to explain the whole spectrum of the Crab Nebula, requiring a proton energy of 1046–1047 erg remaining in the present Crab Nebula. In this paper, we study the energy content of relativistic protons in pulsar winds using the LHAASO data of the Crab Nebula, considering the effect of diffusive escape of relativistic protons. Depending on the extent of the escape of relativistic protons, the total energy of protons lost in the pulsar wind could be 10–100 times larger than that remaining in the nebula presently. We find that the current LHAASO data allow up to (10–50)% of the spindown energy of pulsars being converted into relativistic protons. The escaping protons from PWNe could make a considerable contribution to the cosmic-ray flux of 10–100 PeV. We also discuss the leptonic scenario for the possible spectral hardening at PeV energies.

scholarly journals Searches for Young Pulsars

2004 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Camilo
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Compact Objects ◽  
Pulsar Wind Nebulae ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Pulsar Wind ◽  
Central Compact Objects

I review the results of radio and X-ray searches for pulsations from young neutron stars, emphasizing work accomplished in the last five years. I cover undirected searches, as well as directed searches of pulsar wind nebulae, EGRET γ-ray sources, and also the search for pulsations from “isolated neutron stars” and “central compact objects”.

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