Paleoeskimo Occupations of the Labrador Coast

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 103-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Fitzhugh
Keyword(s):  
Complete Information ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Migration Route ◽  
Devon Island ◽  
Information Gap ◽  
Seal Population ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Central Regions

Paleoeskimo archaeology has a peculiar history in that it is best known by its more distinctive regional and chronological variants. Thus, we have had rather full reports from such edge-areas as Greenland (Knuth 1952; Larsen and Meldgaard 1958), Southampton Island (Collins 1956a, 1956b, 1957), and Newfoundland (Wintemberg 1939, 1940; Harp 1964). More recent fieldwork at Igloolik (Meldgaard 1960b, 1962), and full publication from northwestern Quebec (Taylor 1968a) and Lake Harbor (Maxwell 1973) have begun to close the information gap for the geographic core area of the Central Arctic. However, the continuing research by Taylor, McGhee, and Müller-Beck in the peripheral regions of Coronation Gulf, Banks, and Victoria Islands, by Nash and Harp in southern Hudson Bay, by McGhee on Devon Island, and by Tuck, Plumet, Fitzhugh and Linnemae in Labrador-Ungava and Newfoundland has made it even more necessary to tie these regions to developments in the demographically more stable central regions. A large number of questions, such as relationships with a fluctuating environment, population shifts, and regional interrelationships, hinge on more complete information for the Dorset core area.One area that until recently remained completely unknown was the Labrador coast (Taylor 1964a). This 800-mile stretch of coastline carries a strip of tundra environment south from Hudson Strait to Newfoundland, and its rich marine resources, including a large seasonal harp seal population, provided a suitable habitat for early Eskimo culture, as well as the only feasible migration route from the northern regions into Subarctic Newfoundland.

scholarly journals Predicting Impacts of Climate Change on Northward Range Expansion of Invasive Weeds in South Korea

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1604
Author(s):  
Sun Hee Hong ◽  
Yong Ho Lee ◽  
Gaeun Lee ◽  
Do-Hun Lee ◽  
Pradeep Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Invasive Weeds ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Control And Management

Predicting the distribution of invasive weeds under climate change is important for the early identification of areas that are susceptible to invasion and for the adoption of the best preventive measures. Here, we predicted the habitat suitability of 16 invasive weeds in response to climate change and land cover changes in South Korea using a maximum entropy modeling approach. Based on the predictions of the model, climate change is likely to increase habitat suitability. Currently, the area of moderately suitable and highly suitable habitats is estimated to be 8877.46 km2, and 990.29 km2, respectively, and these areas are expected to increase up to 496.52% by 2050 and 1439.65% by 2070 under the representative concentration pathways 4.5 scenario across the country. Although habitat suitability was estimated to be highest in the southern regions (<36° latitude), the central and northern regions are also predicted to have substantial increases in suitable habitat areas. Our study revealed that climate change would exacerbate the threat of northward weed invasions by shifting the climatic barriers of invasive weeds from the southern region. Thus, it is essential to initiate control and management strategies in the southern region to prevent further invasions into new areas.

scholarly journals Geographic Information System (GIS) as a Tool in the Epidemiological Assessment of Wetwood Disease on Elm Trees in Tabriz City, Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alizadeh ◽  
M. Moharrami ◽  
A.A. Rasouli
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Northwest Of Iran ◽  
The City

AbstractPlants disease epidemiology provides us with some information about the spread of diseases in different regions with various climates and helps us conduct suitable managing operations and predictions about the spread of disease to other areas. Geographic Information System (GIS) has been widely used as an important tool in epidemiological studies. Wetwood disease is one of the most important bacterial diseases on elm trees found in the Northwest of Iran. The disease has spread in different regions of Tabriz (located in the Northwest of Iran), which has become terribly epidemic. Geographic Information System as an appropriate tool in epidemiological examination of plant disease is useful in various ways. In this study, the epidemiology of bacterial wetwood disease on elm trees in Tabriz was investigated using GIS databases. The results indicate that the disease has become epidemic in different areas of Tabriz. According to the results, although the disease was not found in some regions, its severity was very high in some other areas. Based on the distribution map, the wetwood disease most highly exists in the central regions and some parts of the northern regions of the city, but eastern regions are least affected.

Spatial-use patterns, movements, and interactions among adult coyotes in central Mississippi

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 2087-2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Chamberlain ◽  
Charles D Lovell ◽  
Bruce D Leopold
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Movement Rates ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Pair Bonds ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Range Overlap

Recently, coyotes (Canis latrans) have expanded their range to include most areas of the southeastern United States. However, most research on coyotes has been conducted in western and northern regions of North America. We radio-monitored 38 adult coyotes from 1993 to 1997 in central Mississippi. Home-range sizes (P = 0.681) and core-area (area of concentrated use) sizes (P = 0.736) were similar across seasons, but females maintained larger home ranges (P = 0.006) and core areas (P < 0.001) than males. Male-male, female-female, and male-female home-range overlap was greatest during whelping and pup rearing. Except for mated pairs, core-area overlap was negligible across all seasons for adults maintaining neighboring home ranges. Coyote habitat selection varied across spatial scales, though selection was similar between males and females at all scales. Coyote movement rates differed (P < 0.001) temporally, being highest during nocturnal periods. Overall, the highest movement rates for the monitored population were observed for females during summer. Two males and 2 females were suspected of forming pair bonds and frequently traveled together within shared home ranges, as did 2 adult males. Our data indicate that interactions among individual adults are influenced by sex, as most confirmed instances of direct contact occurred between pairs or suspected social groups. In our study area, neighboring adult coyotes exhibited territoriality at the core-area level.

scholarly journals Geographical Relationships between Long-Tailed Goral (Naemorhedus caudatus) Populations Based on Gut Microbiome Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2002
Author(s):  
Chang Eon Park ◽  
Bum-Joon Cho ◽  
Min-Ji Kim ◽  
Hee Cheon Park ◽  
Jae-Ho Shin
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Migration Route ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Northern Asia ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Microbiome Analysis ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Relational Network

The long-tailed goral (Naemorhedus caudatus) is an endangered species found in the mountains of eastern and northern Asia. Its populations have declined for various reasons, and this species has been designated as legally protected in South Korea. Although various ecological studies have been conducted on long-tailed gorals, none have investigated the gut microbiome until now. In the present study, we compared the diversity and composition of the gut microbiome of seven populations of Korean long-tailed gorals. By analyzing the gut microbiome composition for each regional population, it was found that four phyla—Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, and Proteobacteria—were the most dominant in all regions on average. The alpha diversity of the gut microbiome of the goral population in the northern regions was high, while that in the southern regions was low. Through the analysis of beta diversity, the seven long-tailed goral populations have been divided into three groups: the Seoraksan population, the Samcheock population, and the Wangpicheon population. It was possible to confirm the regional migration of the animals using the gut microbiome based on the site-relational network analysis. It was found that the most stable population of long-tailed gorals in Korea was the Seoraksan population, and the closely related groups were the Samcheok and Wangpicheon populations, respectively. Wangpicheon appeared to be a major point of dispersal in the migration route of Korean long-tailed gorals.

scholarly journals Application of Standardized Precipitation Index to assess meteorological drought in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Anarul H. Mondol ◽  
Subash C. Das ◽  
Md. Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Meteorological Droughts

Bangladesh is one of the vulnerable countries of the world for natural disasters. Drought is one of the common and severe calamities in Bangladesh that causes immense suffering to people in various ways. The present research has been carried out to examine the frequency of meteorological droughts in Bangladesh using the long-term rainfall data of 30 meteorological observatories covering the period of 1948–2011. The study uses the highly effective Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for drought assessment in Bangladesh. By assessing the meteorological droughts and the history of meteorological droughts of Bangladesh, the spatial distributions of meteorological drought indices were also analysed. The spatial and temporal changes in meteorological drought and changes in different years based on different SPI month intervals were analysed. The results indicate that droughts were a normal and recurrent feature and it occurred more or less all over the country in virtually all climatic regions of the country. As meteorological drought depends on only rainfall received in an area, anomaly of rainfall is the main cause of drought. Bangladesh experienced drought in the years 1950, 1951, 1953, 1954, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1967 and 1971 before independence and after independence Bangladesh has experienced droughts in the years 1972, 1973, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1983, 1985, 1992, 1994, 1995, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2011 during the period 1948–2011. The study indicated that Rajshahi and its surroundings, in the northern regions and Jessore and its surroundings areas, the island Bhola and surrounding regions, in the south-west region, were vulnerable. In the Sylhet division, except Srimongal, the areas were not vulnerable but the eastern southern sides of the districts Chittagong, Rangamati, Khagrachhari, Bandarban and Teknaf were vulnerable. In the central regions, the districts of Mymensingh and Faridpur were more vulnerable than other districts.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of COVID-19 across Italian regions: a secondary analysis from a national survey on physiotherapists

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Gambazza ◽  
Silvia Bargeri ◽  
Isabella Campanini ◽  
Roberto Meroni ◽  
Andrea Turolla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Central Regions

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in China in December 2019 and now is a pandemic all around the world. In Italy, Northern regions were hit the hardest during the first wave. We aim to explore the prevalence and the exposure characteristics of physiotherapists (PTs) working in different Italian regions during the first wave of COVID-19. Methods Between April and May 2020 a structured anonymous online survey was distributed to all PTs registered in the National Professional Registry to collect prevalence data of a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 (i.e., nasopharyngeal swab and/or serological test). A bottom-up agglomerative nesting hierarchical clustering method was applied to identify groups of regions based on response rate. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore personal and work-related factors associated with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. Results A total of 15,566 PTs completed the survey (response rate 43.3%). The majority of respondents (57.7%) were from Northern regions. Considering all respondents, the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Northern and Central Italy, was higher compared to those in Southern Italy (6.9% vs. 1.8%, P < 0.001); focusing the analysis on respondents who underwent nasopharyngeal swab and/or serological test led to similar findings (14.1% vs. 6.4%, P < 0.001). Working in Northern and Central regions was associated with a higher risk of confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 compared to Southern regions (OR 3.4, 95%CI 2.6 to 4.3). PTs working in Northern and Central regions were more likely to be reallocated to a different unit and changing job tasks, compared to their colleagues working in the Southern regions (10.5% vs 3.7%, P < 0.001). Conclusions Work-related risk factors were differently distributed between Italian regions at the time of first pandemic wave, and PTs working in the Northern and Central regions were more at risk of a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, especially when working in hospitals. Preventive and organizational measures should be applied to harmonize physiotherapy services in the national context. Registration https://osf.io/x7cha

scholarly journals Regional Analysis of Hardwood Lumber Production: 1963–2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Luppold ◽  
Matthew Bumgardner
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
The South ◽  
South Central ◽  
Hardwood Lumber ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Kitchen Cabinet ◽  
Hardwood Flooring

Abstract Between 1963 and 2005 hardwood lumber production in the eastern United States increased by more than 50%. Production more than doubled in the northeastern and north central regions while increasing by less than 25% in the southeastern and south central regions. Increased lumber production in the northern regions was facilitated by an expanding sawtimber inventory, relative high volumes of select oak species and hard maple, an expanding kitchen cabinet industry, increased exports, and increased lumber demand by the pallet industry. Hardwood lumber production in the south central region was correlated with hardwood flooring production. When flooring production declined between 1963 and 1982, south central lumber production declined. After 1982 flooring production increased and hardwood lumber production in the south central region followed. By contrast, lumber production in the southeastern region has been tied to the fortunes of the wood and upholstered furniture industries. As furniture imports increased, the demand for lumber by these industries first stagnated and then declined. As a result, lumber production in this region declined between 1982 and 2005. Today, much of the commodity product portions of hardwood-demanding industries are facing international competition. By contrast, a driver of growth in hardwood lumber demand seems to be smaller manufacturers producing custom and semicustom products. These new industries tend to purchase higher-quality lumber but can use a variety of species. Therefore, states or regions with high volumes of timber and a broad composition of species have the greatest potential for future growth in hardwood lumber production.

scholarly journals Beyond Hegemony: An Anthropological Approach to the Study of the covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Giovanni Pizza
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Anthropological Approach ◽  
Critical Anthropology ◽  
Health Model

Abstract Starting from a Gramscian perspective, this article offers anthropological understandings of time in the experience of pandemics in Italy. The Gramscian suggestion is to go beyond hegemony in order to study the bodily life of powers. The author explores the anthropological sense of pandemics, also touching on philosophical approaches among contemporary studies. Following this, some questions about Italy are raised. What was the Italian experience of quarantine? Is it true that there was a ‘failure’ of the health model, above all in the northern regions, which had been praised as a pioneering model of public–private sector collaboration? Is it true to read the covid-19 pandemic as evidence of ‘victory’ for Italy’s central regions, such as the model of Umbria, with its centres of anthropological resistance? The instruments for answering these questions can be found in the critical anthropology of public health as outlined in the article.

scholarly journals Geographic Inequalities in Breast Cancer in Italy: Trend Analysis of Mortality and Risk Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4165
Author(s):  
Paolo Giorgi Rossi ◽  
Olivera Djuric ◽  
Simone Navarra ◽  
Alessandra Rossi ◽  
Anteo Di Napoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Mammographic Screening ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Geographic Differences

We calculated time trends of standardised mortality rates and risk factors for breast cancer (BC) from 1990 to 2016 for all women resident in Italy. The age-standardised mortality rate in Italy decreased from 4.2 in 1990 to 3.2 (×100,000) in 2016. While participation in organised screening programmes and age-standardised fertility rates decreased in Italy, screening invitation coverage and mammography uptake, the prevalence of women who breastfed and mean age at birth increased. Although southern regions had favourable prevalence of protective risk factors in the 1990s, fertility rates decreased in southern regions and increased in northern regions, which in 2016 had a higher rate (1.28 vs. 1.32 child per woman) and a smaller increase in women who breastfed (+4% vs. +30%). In 2000, mammography screening uptake was lower in southern than in northern and central regions (28% vs. 52%). However, the increase in mammography uptake was higher in southern (203%) than in northern and central Italy (80%), reducing the gap. Participation in mammographic screening programmes decreased in southern Italy (−10%) but increased in the North (6.6%). Geographic differences in mortality and risk factor prevalence is diminishing, with the South losing all of its historical advantage in breast cancer mortality.

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