Choice and Risk in Environmental Control - Mary Douglas and Aaron Wildavsky: Risk and Culture: An Essay on the Selection of Technical and Environmental Dangers. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982. Pp. 221. $14.95.)

1984 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-616
Author(s):  
Patrick D. Gaffney
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Mary Douglas ◽  
Aaron Wildavsky ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals BEAR-FP: A ROBUST FRAMEWORK FOR FLOORPLANNING

1992 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 137-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASSOUD PEDRAM ◽  
ERNEST S. KUH
Keyword(s):  
Shape Function ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Global Routing ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Function Computation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The University ◽  
Linear Assignment ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents a hierarchical floorplanning approach for macrocell layouts which is based on the bottom-up clustering, shape function computation, and top-down floorplan optimization with integrated global routing and pin assignment. This approach provides means for specifying and techniques for satisfying a wide range of constraints (physical, topological, timing) and is, therefore, able to generate floorplans for a number of different layout styles. A systematic and efficient optimization procedure during the selection of suitable floorplan patterns that integrates floorplanning, global routing and pin assignment, a new pin assignment technique based on linear assignment and driven by the global routing solution and floorplan topology, and an effective timing-driven floorplanning scheme are among the other novel features of the floorplanner. These techniques have been incorporated in BEAR-FP, a macrocell layout system developed at the University of California, Berkeley. Results on various placement and floorplanning benchmarks are quite good.

The perception of corruption as social and institutional pressure: A comparative analysis of cultural biases

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Torsello
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Institutional Pressure ◽  
Mary Douglas ◽  
Social Grouping ◽  
Corruption Perception ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Aaron Wildavsky

AbstractThis study is an empirical approach to answering the question: are there any universal factors that account for the origin, diffusion and persistence of corruption in human societies? The paper enquires whether the perception of corruption in politics and economics can be tackled as a form of cultural adaptation, driven by exogenous and endogenous forces. These are respectively: freedom of access and management of economic resources, and the pressures towards human grouping. Following the analytical insights of cultural theory, developed by Mary Douglas and later Aaron Wildavsky, variation is introduced through the ways in which corruption is perceived through the different behavioral and cultural biases that prevail in societies. This research introduces a cross-country comparative analysis of 57 countries attempting to test quantitatively whether institutional pressure and emphasis towards social grouping are correlated with corruption perception at country levels.

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