scholarly journals Dynamics of Radiocarbon in Soils

Radiocarbon ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Cherkinsky ◽  
V. A. Brovkin

We present here a model of humus accumulation in recent soils. We have estimated the coefficients of mineralization of humus and humic acid for a typical Chernozem soil. We suggest a technique for calculating the renewal time of soil with specific activity higher than the modern standard and discuss the results for different soils.

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Ruzimurod B. Boimurodov ◽  
Zebinisso Q. Bobokhonova

In this article is showing, that the irrigation mountain brown carbonate soils prone methods of irrigation and grassing comes the rapid growth and development of natural vegetation, which leads to intensive humus accumulation. Humus content in the upper layer is increased by 0.98% and a significantly smaller severely eroded. Increasing the amount of humus promotes accumulation mainly humic acids, that conducts to expansion of relations the content of humic acid: The content of folic acid. When grassing of soil traced sharp increase in the number associated with the related and R2 O3 humic acid.


2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Vasilyevitch Abakumov ◽  
Tomáš Cajthaml ◽  
Jiří Brus ◽  
Jan Frouz

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Bulygin ◽  
O. V. Demydenko ◽  
V. A. Velychko ◽  
M. A. Tkachenko ◽  
S. V. Vitvitskyi

Aim. To develop the general normalized statistical model of organizing the structural state of the investigated soils, to determine the vector of direction and criteria of appraising structurization of soil variants in the Forest-Steppe on macro- and microaggregate levels of organization to obtain objective and integral information about the quality status of soil structure and to determine the critical level of degradation, when the residual resistance against the latter is lost. Methods. Field (investigated agrophysical properties of the most common variants in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine: gray forest soil, meadow-chernozem soil, typical chernozem), laboratory (air-dried sieving of soil), statistical-analytical (fractal, factor, cluster, non-parametric statistics). Results. The combined study of the change in the state of soil structure in the most common soils in the Forest-Steppe on two hierarchy levels demonstrated the presence of soil-genetic interval in valuable structural units. The appraisal of several distribution series of structural soil units by dimensions in terms of stability using fractal indices and the structurization of agronomically non-valuable fraction of microaggregates of 0.7 and demonstrated the persistence and anti-persistence of the distribution series, namely, stability or trend. The re-grouping of soil structure constituents occurs by dimensions depending on the soil type, and microaggregates in the amount of 0.25 mm are mostly involved in structural aggregates of 1-0.25 mm and less so in more valuable structural units of >1 mm. Conclusions. It was determined that meadow-chernozem soil was the most resistant to anthropogenic impact (introduc- tion of mineral fertilizers and treatment methods). Its coeffi cient of macroaggregation was at a high level and in case of sowing perennial grasses with the introduction of fertilizers - at a very high level. Gray forest soil was found to be less resistant to the introduction of mineral fertilizers and typical chernozem was the most susceptible to agrophysical degra- dation: the macroaggregation coeffi cient was at a very low level. The microaggregation coeffi cient increased from typical chernozem to gray forest soil and meadow-chernozem which demonstrated the increase in humus content and biogenicity in the presented series of soil variants


Pedosphere ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. TAHIR ◽  
M. KHURSHID ◽  
M.Z. KHAN ◽  
M.K. ABBASI ◽  
M.H. KAZMI

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. U. KHAN ◽  
F. J. SOWDEN

More N was brought into solution by hydrolysis with 6 N HCl from the Ah horizons of a Black Solonetz and a Black Solod than from the Ah horizon of a Black Chernozem soil of Alberta. The percentages of total N represented by the ammonium-N, amino acid-N and amino sugar-N were similar for the three soils. The proportion of soil-N present as amino acid-N and amino sugar-N decreased and that of ammonium-N increased with depth in all three profiles. The acid hydrolysis of the water-extract obtained from Ah horizon of the Black Solonetz released more (ammonium + amino acid + amino sugar)-N than did that of the Ah horizons of the other two soils. The humic acid fractions obtained from Ah horizons contained more total N than did the humic acids extracted from the B horizons of the three soils. While the proportions of N accounted for as (ammonium + amino acid + amino sugar)-N in the humic acid fractions from Ah horizons of the soils were similar, they increased in the order Chernozem > Solod > Solonetz for the B horizons. In general, there were few noteworthy differences in the amino acid distribution between the three soils or between the various horizons of the same soil. The hydrolyzates of the water-extracts of Ah horizons showed higher values for the molar distribution of threonine, serine, glycine and alanine, and lower values for aspartic acid and glutamic acid than did the corresponding hydrolyzates of the soils; the amounts of free amino acids in these extracts were very small. There was little difference in the amino acid composition of the humic acid fractions obtained from the three soils or from the different horizons of the same soil; it was, in general, similar to that of the soils. The data indicate that differences in the salt regime in the Solonetzic, Solodic and Chernozemic soils do not result in the different kinds of nitrogenous organic matter.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
S. Bulyhin ◽  
O. Tonkha

Aim. To perform biological evaluation of 60-year-long application of different variants of fertilization in terms of the number of microorganisms, transforming the compounds of nitrogen and carbon. Methods. Microbiological methods – determining the number of microorganisms, transforming the organic compounds and nitrogen, statistical processing. Results. It was determined that the application of a crop rotation with legumes and the variant with complete mineral fertilization on meadow-chernozem carbonate soils formed a balanced composition of microbial cenosis and the most optimal conditions for humus accumulation and nitrogen transformation. Conclusions. The microbiological monitoring demonstrated that it is possible to achieve non-degradation development of meadow-chernozem soil at the quasi-stable level in case of applying the 10-fi eld crop rotation with legumes (clover) and complete mineral fertilization.


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