scholarly journals The Radiocarbon Intracavity Optogalvanic Spectroscopy Setup at Uppsala

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerriet Eilers ◽  
Anders Persson ◽  
Cecilia Gustavsson ◽  
Linus Ryderfors ◽  
Emad Mukhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Optogalvanic Spectroscopy ◽  
The Status ◽  
Alternative Detection ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Initial Results

Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is by far the predominant technology deployed for radiocarbon tracer studies. Applications are widespread from archaeology to biological, environmental, and pharmaceutical sciences. In spite of its excellent performance, AMS is expensive and complicated to operate. Consequently, alternative detection techniques for 14C are of great interest, with the vision of a compact, user-friendly, and inexpensive analytical method. Here, we report on the use of intracavity optogalvanic spectroscopy (ICOGS) for measurements of the 14C/12C ratio. This new detection technique was developed by Murnick et al. (2008). In the infrared (IR) region, CO2 molecules have strong absorption coefficients. The IR-absorption lines are narrow in line width and shifted for different carbon isotopes. These properties can potentially be exploited to detect 14CO2, 13CO2, or 12CO2 molecules unambiguously. In ICOGS, the sample is in the form of CO2 gas, eliminating the graphitization step that h is required in most AMS labs. The status of the ICOGS setup in Uppsala is presented. The system is operational but not yet fully developed. Data are presented for initial results that illustrate the dependence of the optogalvanic signal on various parameters, such as background and plasma-induced changes in the sample gas composition.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Biosensors for Cytokine Profiling: Recent Advancements and Possibilities in the Near Future

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Nirmita Dutta ◽  
Peter B. Lillehoj ◽  
Pedro Estrela ◽  
Gorachand Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Anomalous Behavior ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Short Period ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Cytokine Profiling

Cytokines are soluble proteins secreted by immune cells that act as molecular messengers relaying instructions and mediating various functions performed by the cellular counterparts of the immune system, by means of a synchronized cascade of signaling pathways. Aberrant expression of cytokines can be indicative of anomalous behavior of the immunoregulatory system, as seen in various illnesses and conditions, such as cancer, autoimmunity, neurodegeneration and other physiological disorders. Cancer and autoimmune diseases are particularly adept at developing mechanisms to escape and modulate the immune system checkpoints, reflected by an altered cytokine profile. Cytokine profiling can provide valuable information for diagnosing such diseases and monitoring their progression, as well as assessing the efficacy of immunotherapeutic regiments. Toward this goal, there has been immense interest in the development of ultrasensitive quantitative detection techniques for cytokines, which involves technologies from various scientific disciplines, such as immunology, electrochemistry, photometry, nanotechnology and electronics. This review focusses on one aspect of this collective effort: electrochemical biosensors. Among the various types of biosensors available, electrochemical biosensors are one of the most reliable, user-friendly, easy to manufacture, cost-effective and versatile technologies that can yield results within a short period of time, making it extremely promising for routine clinical testing.

Intelligent Aquaculture Monitoring System Based on Fieldbus

2013 ◽  
Vol 853 ◽  
pp. 646-651
Author(s):  
Ling Zhou ◽  
Ying Xing
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Database Server ◽  
The Status ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Practical Measure

This paper analyses the status of aquiculture in China and gives out some of its potential problems. In order to over these problems, Industrial fieldbus and Intranet technology are used in this paper to achieve the hardware and software design, as well as control strategies for factory aquaculture. It applies WEB server, database server and browser to establish the management platform for environment control and production process. The whole system was successfully verified at Zhenjiang production base. Through a real-time control of dissolved oxygen, temperature and PH in pond, this system stabilizes these parameters at each own optimum values, and dramatically improves the overall productivity. The test results show that this system is easy-operated and user friendly, it provides a direct and practical measure for aquiculture, and saves energy as well.

On the Attempt to Implement Social Addressability within a Robotic System

i-com ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Philipp Graf ◽  
Manuela Marquardt ◽  
Diego Compagna
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Robot System ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Status ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractWe conducted a Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) study during a science event, using a mixed method experimental approach with quantitative and qualitative data (adapted version of Godspeed Questionnaire and audio-visual material analysed videographically). The main purpose of the research was to gather insight into the relevance of the so-called “point of interaction” for a successful and user-friendly interaction with a non-anthropomorphic robot. We elaborate on this concept with reference to sociological theories under the heading of “addressability” and “social address” and generate hypotheses informed by former research and theoretical reflections. We implement an interface on our robot system, comprising two LEDs, which indicate the status of the robot/interaction, and which might possibly serve as basal form of embodied social address. In one experimental condition, the movements were accompanied by a light choreography, the other one was conducted without the LEDs. Our findings suggest a potential relevance of social address for the interaction partner to receive additional information, especially if the situation is a contingent one. Nevertheless, the overall rating on the Godspeed scales showed no significant differences between the light conditions. Several possible reasons for this are discussed. Limitations and advantages are pointed out in the conclusion.

Information Theoretic XSS Attack Detection in Web Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossain Shahriar ◽  
Sarah North ◽  
Wei-Chuen Chen ◽  
Edward Mawangi
Keyword(s):  
Web Applications ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Attack Detection ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Security Breaches ◽  
Detection Approach ◽  
Leibler Divergence ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Initial Results

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) has been ranked among the top three vulnerabilities over the last few years. XSS vulnerability allows an attacker to inject arbitrary JavaScript code that can be executed in the victim's browser to cause unwanted behaviors and security breaches. Despite the presence of many mitigation approaches, the discovery of XSS is still widespread among today's web applications. As a result, there is a need to improve existing solutions and to develop novel attack detection techniques. This paper proposes a proxy-level XSS attack detection approach based on a popular information-theoretic measure known as Kullback-Leibler Divergence (KLD). Legitimate JavaScript code present in an application should remain similar or very close to the JavaScript code present in a rendered web page. A deviation between the two can be an indication of an XSS attack. This paper applies a back-off smoothing technique to effectively detect the presence of malicious JavaScript code in response pages. The proposed approach has been applied for a number of open-source PHP web applications containing XSS vulnerabilities. The initial results show that the approach can effectively detect XSS attacks and suffer from low false positive rate through proper choice of threshold values of KLD. Further, the performance overhead has been found to be negligible.

scholarly journals AliTV—interactive visualization of whole genome comparisons

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus J. Ankenbrand ◽  
Sonja Hohlfeld ◽  
Thomas Hackl ◽  
Frank Förster
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Genome Evolution ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Interactive Visualization ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Web Browser ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Genome Comparisons ◽  
Initial Results

Whole genome alignments and comparative analysis are key methods in the quest of unraveling the dynamics of genome evolution. Interactive visualization and exploration of the generated alignments, annotations, and phylogenetic data are important steps in the interpretation of the initial results. Limitations of existing software inspired us to develop our new tool AliTV, which provides interactive visualization of whole genome alignments. AliTV reads multiple whole genome alignments or automatically generates alignments from the provided data. Optional feature annotations and phylo- genetic information are supported. The user-friendly, web-browser based and highly customizable interface allows rapid exploration and manipulation of the visualized data as well as the export of publication-ready high-quality figures. AliTV is freely available at https://github.com/AliTVTeam/AliTV.

Health detection techniques for historic structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 855-864
Author(s):  
Dong Luo ◽  
Shangwei Wang ◽  
Xiaohong Du ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Tian Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Masonry Structures ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Historic Structures ◽  
The Status ◽  
Micro Drilling ◽  
Drilling Resistance ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The protection of historic buildings has drawn increasing attention and usually requires a sound nondestructive testing (NDT) technique. This paper first describes the significance of and the status on the protection of historic structures followed by a summary of common damage and repair measures for such structures. Lastly, the principles, characteristics, and applications of NDT techniques for historic wooden and masonry structures, including ultra-CT testing, stress wave testing, micro-drilling resistance meter, radar detection, and X-ray diffraction, are described and compared. This study concludes by providing a guide for studying the structural damage of historic structures and for the selection of a detection technique.

IR laser radiation induced changes in the IR absorption spectra of thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Bormashenko ◽  
Roman Pogreb ◽  
Avigdor Sheshnev ◽  
Eugene Shulzinger ◽  
Yelena Bormashenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Ir Laser ◽  
Thermosetting Polymers ◽  
Ir Absorption Spectra ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Assimilation of GPS radio occultation data at DWD

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1105-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Anlauf ◽  
D. Pingel ◽  
A. Rhodin
Keyword(s):  
Radio Occultation ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
German Research ◽  
The Status ◽  
Occultation Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Experiments ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Radio Occultation Data

Abstract. We describe the status of the assimilation of bending angles from GPS radio occultations in the 3D-Var for DWD's operational global forecast model GME ("Global Model for Europe"). Experiments show that the assimilation of GPSRO data leads to a significant reduction of biases in the analyses of temperature, humidity and wind in the upper troposphere and the stratosphere, as well as a better r. m. s. fit in the comparison to radiosondes. The impact on forecasts is most prominent in the data sparse Southern Hemisphere, but is also quite notable in the Northern Hemisphere extra-tropics. The positive results found in the impact experiments lead to the implementation of the assimilation of GPS radio occultations from GRACE-A, FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC and GRAS/MetOp-A into the operational suite on 3 August 2010. We also show some initial results from assimilation experiments using radio occultation data from the German research satellite TerraSAR-X.

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