scholarly journals Bayesian Analysis of High-Precision AMS14C Dates from a Prehistoric Mexican Shellmound

Radiocarbon ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J Kennett ◽  
Brendan J Culleton ◽  
Barbara Voorhies ◽  
John R Southon
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Archaic Period ◽  
Analytical Error ◽  
Statistical Framework ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

We establish a precision accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon chronology for the Archaic period Tlacuachero shellmound (Chiapas, Mexico) within a Bayesian statistical framework. Carbonized twig samples were sequentially selected from well-defined stratigraphic contexts based on iterative improvements to a probabilistic chronological model. Analytical error for these measurements is ±15 to 2014C yr. This greater precision and the absence of stratigraphic reversals eclipses previous14C work at the site. Based on this, we establish a chronological framework for a sequence of 3 clay floors dating to between 4930 and 4270 cal BP and determine that the bedded shell deposits that formed the mound accumulated rapidly during 2 episodes: a lower 2-m section below the floors that accumulated over a 0–150 cal yr period at 5050–4875 cal BP and, an upper 3.5-m section above the floors that accumulated over a 0–80 cal yr period at 4380–4230 cal BP.

scholarly journals THE BEGINNING OF THE IRON AGE AT ARSLANTEPE: A 14C PERSPECTIVE

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Federico Manuelli ◽  
Cristiano Vignola ◽  
Fabio Marzaioli ◽  
Isabella Passariello ◽  
Filippo Terrasi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Archaeological Data

ABSTRACT The Iron Age chronology at Arslantepe is the result of the interpretation of Luwian hieroglyphic inscriptions and archaeological data coming from the site and its surrounding region. A new round of investigations of the Iron Age levels has been conducted at the site over the last 10 years. Preliminary results allowed the combination of the archaeological sequence with the historical events that extended from the collapse of the Late Bronze Age empires to the formation and development of the new Iron Age kingdoms. The integration into this picture of a new set of radiocarbon (14C) dates is aimed at establishing a more solid local chronology. High precision 14C dating by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and its correlation with archaeobotanical analysis and stratigraphic data are presented here with the purpose of improving our knowledge of the site’s history and to build a reliable absolute chronology of the Iron Age. The results show that the earliest level of the sequence dates to ca. the mid-13th century BC, implying that the site started developing a new set of relationships with the Levant already before the breakdown of the Hittite empire, entailing important historical implications for the Syro-Anatolian region at the end of the 2nd millennium BC.

scholarly journals Quality Dating: A Well-Defined Protocol Implemented at ETH for High-Precision 14C-Dates Tested on Late Glacial Wood

Radiocarbon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 891-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Sookdeo ◽  
Bernd Kromer ◽  
Ulf Büntgen ◽  
Michael Friedrich ◽  
Ronny Friedrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Continuous Measurements ◽  
Calibration Curves

ABSTRACTAdvances in accelerator mass spectrometry have resulted in an unprecedented amount of new high-precision radiocarbon (14C) -dates, some of which will redefine the international 14C calibration curves (IntCal and SHCal). Often these datasets are unaccompanied by detailed quality insurances in place at the laboratory, questioning whether the 14C structure is real, a result of a laboratory variation or measurement-scatter. A handful of intercomparison studies attempt to elucidate laboratory offsets but may fail to identify measurement-scatter and are often financially constrained. Here we introduce a protocol, called Quality Dating, implemented at ETH-Zürich to ensure reproducible and accurate high-precision 14C-dates. The protocol highlights the importance of the continuous measurements and evaluation of blanks, standards, references and replicates. This protocol is tested on an absolutely dated German Late Glacial tree-ring chronology, part of which is intercompared with the Curt Engelhorn-Center for Archaeometry, Mannheim, Germany (CEZA). The combined dataset contains 170 highly resolved, highly precise 14C-dates that supplement three decadal dates spanning 280 cal. years in IntCal, and provides detailed 14C structure for this interval.

scholarly journals AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Tianma-Qucun Site in Shanxi, China

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2B) ◽  
pp. 1109-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyu Guo ◽  
Kexin Liu ◽  
Xiangyang Lu ◽  
Hongji Ma ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Western Zhou ◽  
Calibration Program

Tianma-Qucun is the biggest site of Western Zhou Dynasty discovered in Shanxi Province, China. It has been recognized as the early capital of Jin, a vassal state of Western Zhou. The territories were granted to the first Marquis of Jin with the title in the early days of Western Zhou. Bone sample series from the site were radiocarbon-dated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and calibrated with the Oxford calibration program OxCal 3.5. Bayesian analysis of the calibrated ages shows that the earliest residents of the Western Zhou came to Tianma-Qucun area in 1020–940 BC and the lower boundary of the Western Zhou is 796–754 BC, which corresponds well to the historical record 770 BC.

scholarly journals Building the Radiocarbon Chronology for the Archaeological Site Ufa-II, Bashkortostan, Russia: Is this the Elusive “Bashkort” of Medieval Sources?

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1278-1285
Author(s):  
Vladimir A Levchenko ◽  
Flarit A Sungatov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Site Occupation ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
First Time ◽  
Good Agreement

A suite of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates for the Ufa-II archaeological site in Bashkortostan, Russia, is obtained for the first time. Dating was done on charcoal samples from a sequence of cultural deposits collected during the 2011 digging season. An age-depth chronology is established using the Bayesian deposition General Outlier P_Sequence model. The oldest age for the site at the horizon immediately over the sterile ground was cal AD 137–237 (68% probability), corresponding to the beginning of site occupation. The youngest 14C date found was late 6th to early 7th century cal AD for the extensive planked boardwalks unearthed at the site. The 14C dates are in good agreement with archaeological determinations based on discovered artifacts.

scholarly journals REASSESSMENT OF UNCERTAINTY EXPANSION BY LINEAR ADDITION OF LONG-TERM COMPONENTS FROM TOP-DOWN INFORMATION

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
G Salazar ◽  
S Szidat
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Expanded Uncertainty ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Linear Addition

ABSTRACT Since radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (14C AMS) is considered a high-precision technique, reassessment of the measurement uncertainty has been a topic of interest. Scientists from analytical and metrological fields have developed the top-down and bottom-up measurement of uncertainty approaches. The 14C quoted error should approximate the uncertainty of long-term repetitions of the top-down approach in order to be realistic. The novelty of this paper is that the uncertainty of both approaches were approximated to each other. Furthermore, we apportioned the graphitization, instrumentation, and bias components in order to additively expand the quoted error. Our results are comparable to error multipliers and to long-term repeatability studies reported by other laboratories. Our laboratory was established in late 2012 with N2 as stripper gas and 7 years later, we changed to helium stripper. Thus, we were able to compare both gases, and demonstrate that helium is a better stripper gas. In absolute F14C units, the ranges of graphitization+bias combined uncertainties were (0.7 to 4.1) × 10–3 for N2 and (0.7–3.0) × 10–3 for He depending on the standard 14C content. The error multiplier for He defined as the expanded uncertainty over quoted error, in average, was 1.7; while without the bias, the multiplier was 1.3.

scholarly journals Towards a Radiocarbon Chronology of the Late-Glacial: Sample Selection Strategies

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2B) ◽  
pp. 1007-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J C Walker ◽  
C Bryant ◽  
G R Coope ◽  
D D Harkness ◽  
J J Lowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Beta Counting ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

This paper outlines a dating program designed to test the reproducibility of radiocarbon dates on different materials of Late-Glacial age (plant macrofossils, fossil beetle remains, and the “humic” and “humin” chemical fractions of limnic sediments) using a combination of radiometric (beta counting) and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) techniques. The results have implications for the design of sampling strategies and for the development of improved dating protocols, both of which are important if a high-precision 14C chronology for the Late-Glacial is to be achieved.

High-precision age determination of Holocene samples by radiocarbon dating with accelerator mass spectrometry at Nagoya University

2016 ◽  
Vol 397 ◽  
pp. 250-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Nakamura ◽  
Kimiaki Masuda ◽  
Fusa Miyake ◽  
Masataka Hakozaki ◽  
Katsuhiko Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Age Determination

A High-Precision Chronology for Two House Features at an Early Village Site on Western Santa Cruz Island, California, USA

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (01) ◽  
pp. 185-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S Jazwa ◽  
Lynn H Gamble ◽  
Douglas J Kennett
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Household Archaeology ◽  
Mytilus Californianus ◽  
Santa Cruz Island ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Statistical Framework ◽  
House Construction ◽  
Northern Channel Islands ◽  
Age Model ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

We establish a high-precision radiocarbon chronology for 2 house depressions at CA-SCRI-333, a large prehistoric village on the western end of Santa Cruz Island, California, USA. SCRI-333 is a large mound composed of a shell midden with more than 50 house depressions evident across its surface. We develop a chronology of occupation and activity for 2 of these depressions (6 and 32) based on a stratified sequence of accelerator mass spectrometry14C dates. Carbonized twig and marine shell (Mytilus californianus) samples were selected from well-defined stratigraphic sections. Analytical error for these measurements is ±2014C yr. We use a Bayesian statistical framework to propose an age model for the deposition of 2 features that may be associated with house construction. These data indicated that the features were not contemporaneous and suggest that house construction may have been sequential during the site's occupation, a hypothesis that needs to be tested further. The methodologies used in this study have the potential to increase the chronological precision of household archaeology at SCRI-333, on the northern Channel Islands, and around the world.

scholarly journals First Radiocarbon Chronology for the Early Iron Age Sites of Central Kazakhstan (Tasmola Culture and Korgantas Period)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arman Z Beisenov ◽  
Svetlana V Svyatko ◽  
Aibar Е Kassenalin ◽  
Kairat А Zhambulatov ◽  
Daniyar Duisenbai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Scythian Period ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

AbstractWe present the first radiocarbon dates of Early Iron Age sites of central Kazakhstan (in total, 24 dates for 16 recently excavated sites). Archaeologically, the sites have been attributed to the Tasmola culture of the Saka period and later Korgantas phase of the early Hun period. The new accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dates suggest that the majority of analyzed Tasmola sites belong to the beginning of the 8th–5th century cal BC, while Korgantas dates to the 4th–2nd century cal BC. This corresponds with the latest archaeological data for the region; however, it is somewhat contrary to the traditional perception of the chronology of the Scythian period in central Kazakhstan. The new dates suggest the beginning of the Early Scythian period in the region in at least the late 9th or 8th century BC rather than 7th century BC according to the traditional approach.

scholarly journals Climatic Events and Upper Paleolithic Chronology in the Dniester Basin: New 14C Results from Cosautsi

Radiocarbon ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 649-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Haesaerts ◽  
Ilic Borziak ◽  
Johannes Van Der Plicht ◽  
Freddy Damblon
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Precise Information ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
Quality Material ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Sedimentation Processes

We discuss the radiocarbon chronology of the loess deposited during the Upper Pleniglacial (Isotope Stage II) for the key site of Cosautsi (Republic of Moldova), which presents some major problems in 14C dating. Special care was paid to accurate microstratigraphic positioning of samples, collection of top-quality material (mainly conifer charcoal), and selection of uncontaminated pieces for dating and crossdating with bones by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and/or conventional 14C dating. The results provide reliable and precise information on the sedimentation processes, the succession of short climatic events and the cycle of recurrent human settlements on the site between ∼20,000 and 16,000 bp. Two sets of climatic improvements can be ascribed to interstadial oscillations named, successively, Cosautsi VI (19,500–19,000 bp) and Cosautsi V (18–17,500 bp).

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