scholarly journals Comparative Decalcification Methods, Radiocarbon Dates, and Stable Isotopes of the VIRI Bones

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 837-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noreen Tuross
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Oxygen Isotopes ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Consensus Values ◽  
Nitrogen And Oxygen Isotopes

The Fifth International Radiocarbon Comparison (VIRI) provided a suite of 5 bone samples with consensus ages ranging from 969 to 39,305 14C yr BP (Scott et al. 2010). These bones were used herein in a comparison of decalcification methods using either HCl or EDTA to produce collagen, and the results demonstrate age concordance between both preparation methods and the VIRI consensus values. Additional isotopic analyses of the collagen (δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O) illustrate the increasing sensitivity of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotopes in assessing gelatin degradation.

scholarly journals Chimpanzee fauna isotopes provide new interpretations of fossil ape and hominin ecologies

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1773) ◽  
pp. 20132324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry V. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Oxygen Isotopes ◽  
National Park ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Kibale National Park ◽  
Associated Fauna ◽  
Oxygen Stable Isotopes ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Early Hominin

Carbon and oxygen stable isotopes within modern and fossil tooth enamel record the aspects of an animal's diet and habitat use. This investigation reports the first isotopic analyses of enamel from a large chimpanzee community and associated fauna, thus providing a means of comparing fossil ape and early hominin palaeoecologies with those of a modern ape. Within Kibale National Park forest, oxygen isotopes differentiate primate niches, allowing for the first isotopic reconstructions of degree of frugivory versus folivory as well as use of arboreal versus terrestrial resources. In a comparison of modern and fossil community isotopic profiles, results indicate that Sivapithecus , a Miocene ape from Pakistan, fed in the forest canopy, as do chimpanzees, but inhabited a forest with less continuous canopy or fed more on leaves. Ardipithecus , an early hominin from Ethiopia, fed both arboreally and terrestrially in a more open habitat than inhabited by chimpanzees.

scholarly journals New Perspectives on Migration into the Tlajinga District of Teotihuacan: A Dual-Isotope Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Gina M. Buckley ◽  
Rebecca Storey ◽  
Fred J. Longstaffe ◽  
David M. Carballo ◽  
Kenneth G. Hirth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotopes ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Urban Center ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Dual Isotope ◽  
West Mexico ◽  
New Finding ◽  
The City

The city of Teotihuacan (AD 1–550) was a major multiethnic urban center that attracted migrants from as far away as west Mexico and the Maya region. Past research in the Tlajinga district at Teotihuacan using oxygen isotopes from human remains estimated that nearly 30% of the population of Tlajinga 33, a single apartment compound, were migrants. This study takes a dual-isotope approach (87Sr/86Sr and δ18O p ) to reevaluate the proportion of in-migration at Tlajinga and includes data from two additional apartment compounds, Tlajinga 17 and 18 (n = 23). New results indicate that migrants comprised ~45% of the Tlajinga population. Previously acquired radiocarbon dates combined with mortuary and isotope data suggest that immigration to Tlajinga was highest during the first centuries of compound occupation. Nevertheless, migration was a continual process throughout its history. Additionally, a new finding suggests that residents of Tlajinga 33 ingested foods with higher 87Sr/86Sr ratios than did those of Tlajinga 17 and 18. We hypothesize that the incorporation of imported lime for the nixtamalization process skewed the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of human remains, a potentially important finding for future studies at Teotihuacan.

scholarly journals Formation processes of basal ice at Hamna Glacier, Sôya Coast, East Antarctica, inferred by detailed co-isotopic analyses

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (157) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Iizuka ◽  
Hiroshi Satake ◽  
Takayuki Shiraiwa ◽  
Renji Naruse
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Open System ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Basal Ice ◽  
Isotopic Analyses

AbstractDebris-laden basal ice is exposed along an ice cliff near Hamna Glacier, Sôya Coast, East Antarctica. The basal ice is about 6.8 m thick and shows conspicuous stratigraphic features. The upper 5.5 m consists of alternating layers of bubble-free and bubbly ice. δ values of the bubble-free ice layers are enriched by 2.4 ±1.0‰ (standard deviation) for δ18O compared to values of neighboring bubbly ice layers above, and slopes of δ18O vs δD are close to 8. Such layers are suggested to have been formed by refreezing of meltwater in an open system. In contrast, part of the bubbly ice layers shows neutral profiles for stable isotopes, suggesting that these ice masses are undisturbed ice-sheet ice which was not affected by melting and freezing. The massive alternating layers are thus considered to have been formed by folding of refrozen and non-melted layers. The lower 1.3 m consists predominantly of bubble-free massive ice. The profile of co-isotopic values shows a change of about 3.0‰ for δ18O at the interface between bubble-free and bubbly ice. Since the isotopic change occurred over a wider thickness than the upper 5.5 m, the basal ice is suggested to have been formed by refreezing of meltwater on a larger scale than the upper 5.5 m.

scholarly journals A Shattered Tomb of Scattered People: The Alvastra Dolmen in Light of Stable Isotopes

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-141
Author(s):  
Elin Fornander
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Sacred Space ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Burial Practices ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Isotope Analyses

Skeletal remains from the dolmen in Alvastra are ap- proached from the perspective of isotope analyses, providing insights into dietary and residential pat- terns. Radiocarbon dates from the interred individu- als provide evidence of long-lasting burial practices which were still active when the Alvastra Pile Dwell- ing was built. The isotopic record indicates dispersed geographic origins among the buried individuals. It is suggested that Alvastra, with the dolmen as a focal point, was established as a meeting place and sacred space already several centuries before the time of the Pile Dwelling.

scholarly journals X-RAY FLUORESCENCE AND STABLE ISOTOPES ANALYSES OF IKPESHI MARBLE, SOUTH SOUTHERN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Phillips Reuben Ikhane ◽  
Olalekan Olayiwola Oyebolu ◽  
Afolabi Omotayo Alaka
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Dolomitic Marble ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Humid Condition ◽  
Major Oxides ◽  
Chemical Index ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Chemical Index Of Alteration

Integration of X-ray fluor escence and stable isotope spectrometric techniques for quality assessment and provenance study of exposed marble deposit at Fakunle Quarry, Ikpeshi, South Western Nigeria constitute the fundamental aims of this research. Fourteen fresh (14) marble samples obtained at different localities within the quarry were subjected to geochemical and isotopic analyses to ascertain the quantitative abundance of major oxides and stable isotopes using X-Ray Fluorescence and Thermo Fisher mass spectrometer respectively. The major oxides revealed by XRF analysis of the marble samples are CaO, MgO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and Na2O with percentage composition ranging between 11.66 – 13.25, 7.75 – 9.65, 41.36 – 47.55, 12.36 – 15.23, 7.79 – 10.55 and 1.44 – 1.75respectively. Na2O + K2O value ranges between 1.48 and 1.78.The classification of marble in relation to percentage of calcite-dolomite indicate a percentage range of -5 to 4% and 93-103% for Calcite and Dolomite respectively. Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) ranges from 45.16 to 51.59 % and Chemical Index of Weathering (CIW) ranges from 46.19 to 52.30 %. Stable isotope ( ? –180) of marble ranges from -10.50 to -7.00 with a corresponding value from 25.50 to 55.33.Interpretation of the overall results indicates an impure quartz-rich dolomitic marble; metamorphosed from a low carbonate sedimentary/meta sedimentary protolith which shallowly precipitated within a passive marginal marine environment under humid condition. The high silica impurity can however be attributed to the inordinate influx of terrigenous sediments during the precipitation process. Weathering effect is minimal on the marble deposit. Conclusively, strong correlation is apparent between the obtained geochemical result and the basement geology of the study area.

Assessment of the seasonal cycle of nitrate in PM2.5 using chemical compositions and stable nitrogen and oxygen isotopes at Nanchang, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 117371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Luo ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Pan ◽  
Ren-Guo Zhu ◽  
Zhong-Yi Zhang ◽  
Neng-Jian Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotopes ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Nitrogen And Oxygen Isotopes

On the Relative Abundances of the Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotopes

1932 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Murphy ◽  
Harold C. Urey
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotopes ◽  
Nitrogen And Oxygen Isotopes ◽  
Relative Abundances
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