scholarly journals Radiocarbon in the Air of Central Europe: Long-Term Investigations

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 823-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Svetlik ◽  
P P Povinec ◽  
M Molnár ◽  
M Vána ◽  
A Šivo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Monitoring Station ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Suess Effect ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Monitoring Stations

Regional levels of radiocarbon have been monitored in order to investigate the impact of fossil fuel combustion on the activity of atmospheric 14CO2 in central Europe. Data from atmospheric 14CO2 monitoring stations in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary for the period 2000–2008 are presented and discussed. The Prague and Bratislava monitoring stations showed a distinct local Suess effect when compared to the Jungfraujoch clean-air monitoring station. However, during the summer period, statistically insignificant differences were observed between the low-altitude stations and the high-mountain Jungfraujoch station. 14C data from the Hungarian monitoring locality at Dunaföldvár and the Czech monitoring station at Košetice, which are not strongly affected by local fossil CO2 sources, indicate similar grouping and amplitudes, typical for a regional Suess effect.

Transitional Justice and Changing Memories of the Past in Central Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-44
Author(s):  
Roman David
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

Memories of wrongdoings are often viewed as an obstacle to reconciliation in divided societies. Is it due to the past or the present politics of the past? To examine the dilemma of essentialism versus presentism, this article investigates the impact of transitional justice on memories of wrongdoing. It theorizes that using different transitional justice strategies to deal with the same wrongdoing shapes memories in different ways. The theory is tested via vignette-based surveys in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland, which adopted distinct lustration laws. The results show that wrongdoing is viewed through lustration laws, reflecting present power constellations, not history.

scholarly journals The impact of the air temperature on measuring the zenith angle during the year in the ground layer of the atmosphere for the needs of engineering surveying

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-488
Author(s):  
Tomáš Suk ◽  
Martin Štroner
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Zenith Angle ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the results of over a year-long experiment dealing with a temperature measurement to calculate the theoretical effect of the atmosphere on the measured zenith angle in engineering surveying. The measurements were performed to determine the accurate and specific temperatures (temperature gradients), which can be recorded in different seasons in the low level of the atmosphere (up to 2 m above the ground, where most Engineering Surveying measurements take place) for the geographical area of Central Europe - specifically the Czech Republic. A numerical model was then applied to the resulting determined temperature gradients to calculate the path of the beam passing through an inhomogeneous atmosphere. From these values, the apparent vertical shifts caused by refraction in a given environment and time were finally determined.

scholarly journals Analysis of the scores of competency test

2018 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Jana Pasáčková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Study Programme ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Monitoring

Since decreasing level of knowledge of mathematics is the problem at universities, not only in the Czech Republic, we try to define some reasons for that between our students from different secondary schools. The paper discusses the results of the examinations in mathematics at the university in the Czech Republic. The aim is focused on the differences between the scores of students from different secondary schools. We compare the results of two tests which students have to pass during the semester. In addition, we compare the impact of introducing a new subject called “Math seminar”. This seminar should help students to complete their knowledge of topics from mathematics of secondary schools. We observe the improvement of students who passed the Math seminar. We observe the impact of passing the school-leaving exam from mathematics as well. We would like to consider this as a part of a long-term monitoring of students in this study programme and re-analyze unsuccessful students after they pass the course “Math seminar”.

Swiss policy turn may dampen Polish consumption

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Credit Portfolio ◽  
The Impact

Subject The impact on Central Europe of the reverse in Swiss monetary policy. Significance The Swiss National Bank's (SNB) decision in January to scrap its exchange-rate peg against the euro raised concerns about a mortgage repayment crisis and lending practices in Central Europe (CE). Banks across the region are well capitalised on the whole, and better placed to absorb the impact of financial risks arising from the decision than those of countries further south-east, where deleveraging has continued. Banks in the Czech Republic and Hungary are the least exposed to foreign exchange (FX) risk; those in Poland are the most exposed. Impacts Poland's capital-adequacy ratios and strong credit portfolio will offset balance-sheet risks, but profits may fall in the short term. Hungary's banking sector is under heavy strain as a result of the government's FX debt relief programme. However, the Funding for Growth Scheme, and high forint and FX reserves, provide a liquidity buffer. Czech banks are CE's most profitable and liquid and will not be affected owing to tiny exposure to Swiss franc denominated loans.

The roads of ‘excellence’ in Central and Eastern Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Antonowicz ◽  
Jan Kohoutek ◽  
Rómulo Pinheiro ◽  
Myroslava Hladchenko
Keyword(s):  
Eastern European ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Flagship Universities ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Strategic Funding

The aim of the article is to explore the impact of excellence as a powerful policy idea in the context of recent and contemporary developments in three selected Central and Eastern European countries, namely, the Czech Republic, Poland and Ukraine. More specifically, we explore how excellence as a ‘global script’ was translated by policy makers into local contexts with institutionalized practices. It shows that the translation of the idea of excellence involved the rise of a series of novel policy measures such as long-term strategic funding and the establishment of various pertinent schemes (e.g. flagship universities, centres of excellence). By doing so, the analysis – which is comparative by nature – focuses on exploring major differences and similarities in the conceptualization and implementation of the idea of excellence in the three local contexts of science.

scholarly journals Air Quality Measurements in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada Using Multisensor Mini Monitoring Stations

Atmosphere ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Wisam Mohammed ◽  
Nicole Shantz ◽  
Lucas Neil ◽  
Tom Townend ◽  
Adrian Adamescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Station ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Air Quality Measurements ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quality Measurements ◽  
Monitoring Stations

The Region of Waterloo is the third fastest growing region in Southern Ontario in Canada with a population of 619,000 as of 2019. However, only one air quality monitoring station, located in a city park in Kitchener, Ontario, is currently being used to assess the air quality of the region. In September 2020, a network of AQMesh Multisensor Mini Monitoring Stations (pods) were installed near elementary schools in Kitchener located near different types of emission source. Data analysis using a custom-made long-distance scaling software showed that the levels of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2), ground level ozone (O3), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were traffic related. These pollutants were used to calculate the Air Quality Health Index-Plus (AQHI+) at each location, highlighting the inability of the provincial air quality monitoring station to detect hotspot areas in the city. The case study presented here quantified the impact of the 2021 summer wildfires on the local air quality at a high time resolution (15-min). The findings in this article show that these multisensor pods are a viable alternative to expensive research-grade equipment. The results highlight the need for networks of local scale air quality measurements, particularly in fast-growing cities in Canada.

Increased vulnerability of European ecosystems to two consecutive extreme summers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Bastos ◽  
René Orth ◽  
Markus Reichstein ◽  
Philippe Ciais ◽  
Nicolas Viovy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Legacy Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Observational Record

<p>Extreme summer temperatures in western and central Europe have become more frequent and heatwaves more prolonged over the past decades. The summer of 2018 was one of the driest and hottest in the observational record and led to losses in vegetation productivity in central Europe by up to 50%. Legacy effects from such extreme summers can affect ecosystem functioning over several years, as vegetation slowly recovers. In 2019 an extremely dry and hot summer was registered again in the region, imposing stress conditions at a time when ecosystems were still recovering from summer 2018.</p><p>Using Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) fields from MODIS, we evaluate how ecosystems in central Europe responded to the occurrence of two consecutive extreme summers. We find that only ca. 21% of the area negatively impacted by drought in summer 2018 fully recovered in 2019.</p><p>We find that the strongest EVI anomalies in 2018/19 diverge from the long-term relationships between EVI and climate, indicating an increase in ecosystem vulnerability to heat and drought events. Furthermore, 18% of the area showed a worsening of plant status during summer 2019 in spite of drought alleviation, which could be explained by interannual legacy effects from 2018, such as impaired growth and increased biotic disturbances.</p><p>Land-surface models do not simulate interannual legacy effects from summer 2018 and thereby underestimate the impact of drought in 2019 on ecosystems. The poor representation of drought-induced damage and mortality and lack of biotic disturbances in these models may result in an overestimation of the resilience and stability of temperate ecosystems in the future.</p>

Long-term trends in fog occurrence in the Czech Republic, Central Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
pp. 135018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Hůnová ◽  
Marek Brabec ◽  
Marek Malý ◽  
Anna Valeriánová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Long Term Trends
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document