scholarly journals 14C Ages of 43 Consecutive Single-Year Tree Rings Between 2710 and 2655 cal BP Using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

Radiocarbon ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayo Suzuki ◽  
Hirohisa Sakurai ◽  
Yui Takahashi ◽  
Shuichi Gunji ◽  
Fuyuki Tokanai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Gaussian Distribution ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Periodic Variation ◽  
Time Profile ◽  
Random Fluctuation ◽  
Statistical Accuracy

We have measured the radiocarbon ages of 43 consecutive single-year tree rings using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) with a statistical accuracy of ∼2.3%. AMS 14C ages of the 36 viable samples are between 2708 and 2666 cal BP, a period in which the Δ14C of the IntCal04 curve (Reimer et al. 2004) shows an enhancement. The 14C ages of the samples are scattered with a Gaussian distribution around the interpolated IntCal04 calibration curve. The time profile of the deviations of the 36 14C ages from the interpolated IntCal04 calibration curve indicates a linear trend and a characteristic variability rather than a random fluctuation around the curve. The trend indicates a higher gradient than that of the interpolated IntCal04 calibration curve. The profile implies a periodic variation of approximately 11 yr and an amplitude of roughly 18 14C yr.

scholarly journals Chronological Studies of the Arzhan-2 Scythian Monument in Tuva (Russia)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
G I Zaitseva ◽  
K V Chugunov ◽  
V A Dergachev ◽  
A Nagler ◽  
G Parzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Ancient Population

The first radiocarbon dates from the unique early Scythian monument Arzhan-2, discovered in 2001, are presented. The monument contained a royal burial (grave nr 5). Unfortunately, precise dating is hampered by the Hallstatt plateau in the calibration curve. However, using both accelerator mass spectrometry measurements from buried materials and conventional dates for floating tree rings from the burial chamber, we were able to date the construction of the monument to the 7th century BC. This is consistent with archaeological expectations. Other graves located inside the barrow were also dated. Grave nr 11, located on the edge of the barrow, is younger, showing that the monument was a place of burial ritual for many years for this ancient population.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon in 9th to 5th Century BC Tree-Ring Samples from the Ouban 1 Archaeological Site, Hiroshima, Japan

Radiocarbon ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromasa Ozaki ◽  
Mineo Imamura ◽  
Hiroyuki Matsuzaki ◽  
Takumi Mitsutani
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wood Sample ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Statistical Errors ◽  
Term Fluctuation

In order to investigate the regional atmospheric radiocarbon offset, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C measurements were made on 5-yr increments of a Japanese wood sample dendrochronologically dated to 820–436 BC. The 14C data from the Japanese tree-ring samples were compared with the IntCal04 calibration curve (Reimer et al. 2004). In most parts, the differences between IntCal04 and 14C dates in the Japanese tree-ring samples were within experimental statistical errors. At around 680 BC, however, significant differences of up to 100 14C yr were observed. These differences may indicate either regional offsets in Japan or the short-term fluctuation of a subdecadal timescale in atmospheric 14C variations.

Fine Structure and Reproducibility of Radiocarbon Ages of Middle to Early Modern Japanese Tree Rings

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1907-1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Sakamoto ◽  
Masataka Hakozaki ◽  
Nanae Nakao ◽  
Takeshi Nakatsuka
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Structure Tree ◽  
The 19Th Century

ABSTRACTThis study carried out accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) measurement of Japanese tree rings dating from the middle to early modern eras to investigate calibration curve fine structure. Tree-ring ages were determined by dendrochronology or δ18O chronology for Japanese trees. 14C ages from the 15th century to the middle of the 17th century followed the IntCal13 calibration curve within measurement error. Different patterns of fluctuations during the latter half of the 17th century to the early the 18th century were observed in different tree samples. In the 19th century, patterns of 14C ages of different samples appeared similar but did not exactly match each other.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Calibration for Japanese Wood Samples

Radiocarbon ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Sakamoto ◽  
Mineo Imamura ◽  
Johannes Van der Plicht ◽  
Takumi Mitsutani ◽  
Makoto Sahara
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
North America ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Radiocarbon Calibration

The radiocarbon content of Japanese cedars was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry for decadal tree-ring samples from the period of 240 BC to AD 900. Conventional gas counting was also used for part of the samples. The data were compared with the INTCAL98 calibration curve (Stuiver et al. 1998). The results indicate that the difference in atmospheric 14C between Japan and North America or Europe is negligible at this period, less than 18 14C yr using an average of 50 yr. However, in the period of about AD 100 to about AD 200, we cannot exclude the possibility of a deviation of the order of 30 to 40 14C yr to the older ages.

scholarly journals Tree-Ring Dating and AMS Wiggle-Matching of Wooden Statues at Neunggasa Temple in South Korea

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 924-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Kyu Park ◽  
Yojung Kim ◽  
Ah-Reum Jeong ◽  
Sang-Kyu Kim ◽  
Jung-Ae Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Radiocarbon Date ◽  
Historical Document ◽  
Natural Drying

This paper reports the results of tree-ring dating and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) wiggle-matching for wooden Buddhist statues stored at the Eungjindang Hall of Neunggasa Temple, South Korea. Among 23 statues, 10 were successfully dated by tree rings. The cutting date of logs used for the statues was determined as some time between late fall 1684 and early spring 1685 when the bark ring (AD 1684) completed latewood formation. The 95.4% confidence interval of a radiocarbon date (cal AD 1688–1713, 2 σ), which was obtained by wiggle-matching 7 samples of a statue, is similar to the dendro-date (AD 1684). A historical document recorded that the statues in the Eungjindang of Neunggasa were dedicated in July 1685. The dendro-date and written record indicate that Eungjindang statues were made within 3–8 months after log cutting. This seems rather short if we consider the period required for natural drying to avoid defects such as cracking and crooking.

scholarly journals Problems in the Extension of the Radiocarbon Calibration Curve (10–13 kyr BP)

Radiocarbon ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Hajdas ◽  
Susan D. Ivy-Ochs ◽  
Georges Bonani
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Varved Lake Sediments ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Varve Counting ◽  
Radiocarbon Calibration

Radiocarbon dating of varved lake sediments shows that, during the Late Glacial (10–12 kyr bp), the offset between the 14C and the absolute time scales was ca. 1 kyr. Varve counting and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating were used to build absolute and 14C time scales of sediments from two lakes—Soppensee, Switzerland and Holzmaar, Germany. The resulting chronologies extend back to ca. 12.9 kyr cal bp (12.1 kyr bp) in the case of Soppensee and to ca. 13.8 kyr cal BP (12.6 kyr bp) in the Holzmaar record. They compare well with each other but differ significantly from the 14C-U/Th chronology of corals (Bard et al. 1993; Edwards et al. 1993).

scholarly journals 14C Concentrations of Single-Year Tree Rings from About 22,000 Years Ago Obtained Using A Highly Accurate Measuring Method

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 949-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Gandou ◽  
Hirohisa Sakurai ◽  
Wataru Katoh ◽  
Yousuke Takahashi ◽  
Syuichi Gunji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Time Profile ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Ring Sample ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Counting Statistics ◽  
Calendar Dates

We have measured the radiocarbon concentrations in single-yr tree rings of old wood by accelerated mass spectrometry (AMS) using a multicathode. The 14C concentrations of 10 single-yr tree rings were measured in 100 tree rings at intervals of 10. For each single-yr tree-ring sample, typically 80 measurements of the 14C concentrations were carried out using multicathodes. The sample standard deviations indicated that there are other fluctuations of typically 1.5%, in addition to the fluctuation of the Poisson counting statistics which is typically 3% for each measurement. The average 14C date of the tree rings was 22,130 ± 306 BP for all 624 data of single-yr tree-ring samples measured by the multicathodes. From the calibration data of Lake Suigetsu, the calendar dates of these 100 tree rings were located between 25,400 cal BP and 26,150 cal BP. The 14C dates changed between 21,979 BP and 22,272 BP, with an error of approximately 50 BP, corresponding to a precision of approximately 0.5%. There was a step with a change of approximately 144 BP for each 10 yr in the time profile.

scholarly journals 14C Age Measurements of Single-Year Tree Rings of Old Wood Samples 22,000 14C Years BP

Radiocarbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 901-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiichi Sato ◽  
Hirohisa Sakurai ◽  
Kayo Suzuki ◽  
Yui Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Periodic Variation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
14C Age ◽  
Combined Data ◽  
Sequential Measurements

Radiocarbon ages of single-year tree rings were measured for Kaminoyama wood samples using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) in 2 Japanese facilities, MALT and JAEA, in order to investigate the periodic variation of 14C concentrations relating to the 11-yr solar cycle near 26,000 yr BP. Eight sequential measurements of 14C ages were carried out for a set of 13 alternate single-year tree rings covering 26 yr. Averages of the 5 data sets in MALT and 3 data sets in JAEA were 22,146 ± 50 and 22,407 ± 58 14C yr BP, respectively, indicating an offset of 260 ± 77 14C yr. Multiple sequential measurements are advantageous for evaluating offsets. The standard deviation of the residuals of 14C ages from the averages in each data set was 118 14C yr, in contrast to that of 234 14C yr for the combined data sets due to an elimination effect in the offsets. The profiles of weighted mean values for the residuals of 14C ages showed similar enhancements with a width of ∼12 yr for measurements in the 2 facilities. This indicates the reproducibility of the multiple sequential measurements. In the profile for the combined 8 data sets, the 14C enhancement was 73 ± 36 14C yr from the average.

scholarly journals Findings from an in-Depth Annual Tree-Ring Radiocarbon Intercomparison

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 873-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Wacker ◽  
E M Scott ◽  
A Bayliss ◽  
D Brown ◽  
E Bard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Large Datasets ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Annual Resolution

ABSTRACTThe radiocarbon (14C) calibration curve so far contains annually resolved data only for a short period of time. With accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) matching the precision of decay counting, it is now possible to efficiently produce large datasets of annual resolution for calibration purposes using small amounts of wood. The radiocarbon intercomparison on single-year tree-ring samples presented here is the first to investigate specifically possible offsets between AMS laboratories at high precision. The results show that AMS laboratories are capable of measuring samples of Holocene age with an accuracy and precision that is comparable or even goes beyond what is possible with decay counting, even though they require a thousand times less wood. It also shows that not all AMS laboratories always produce results that are consistent with their stated uncertainties. The long-term benefits of studies of this kind are more accurate radiocarbon measurements with, in the future, better quantified uncertainties.

Present Status of YU-AMS System

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyuki Tokanai ◽  
Kazuhiro Kato ◽  
Minoru Anshita ◽  
Hirohisa Sakurai ◽  
Akihiro Izumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Control Serum ◽  
Pelletron Accelerator

A new compact accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system has been installed in the Kaminoyama Research Institute at Yamagata University (YU). The AMS system is based on a 0.5MV Pelletron accelerator developed by the National Electrostatics Corporation. An automated acid-alkali-acid (AAA) treatment system and an automated graphitization line were also installed in the same facility for sample preparation. Performance tests of the YU-AMS system were carried out by measuring the C-series standard samples (C1–C8) and HOxII provided by IAEA and NIST, respectively. We evaluated the YU-AMS system by comparing the radiocarbon ages of Japanese tree rings with dendrochronologically determined calendar ages with calibration data. We also carried out some performance tests using a control serum and a 14C-labeled drug (oxaliplatin).

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