scholarly journals Testing the Use of Bomb Radiocarbon to Date the Surface Layers of Blanket Peat

Radiocarbon ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 841-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Garnett ◽  
A C Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Broad Agreement ◽  
Blanket Peat ◽  
Bomb Radiocarbon ◽  
Final Interpretation

The recently formed surface layers of peatlands are archives of past environmental conditions and can have a temporal resolution considerably greater than deeper layers. The low density and conditions of fluctuating water table have hindered attempts to construct chronologies for these peats. We tested the use of the radiocarbon bomb pulse to date recently accumulated peat in a blanket mire. The site was chosen because the peat profiles contained independent chronological markers in the form of charcoal-rich layers produced from known burning events. We compared chronologies derived from accelerator mass spectrometry 14C analysis of plant macrofossils against these chronological markers. The bomb 14C-derived chronologies were in broad agreement with the charcoal dating evidence. However, there were uncertainties in the final interpretation of the 14C results because the pattern of 14C concentration in the peat profiles did not follow closely the known atmospheric 14C record. Furthermore, samples of different macrofossil materials from the same depth contained considerable differences in 14C. Suggested explanations for the observed results include the following: i) minor disturbance at the site, ii) in-situ contamination of the 14C samples by carbonaceous soot, and iii) differential incorporation of plant material during blanket peat growth.

Optics-Free Visualization of Proteins in Single Cells by Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Genetically Encoded Chemical Tags

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feifei Jia ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Yanyan Zhang ◽  
Qun Luo ◽  
Luyu Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Tags ◽  
Secondary Ion

<p></p><p><i>In situ</i> visualization of proteins of interest at single cell level is attractive in cell biology, molecular biology and biomedicine, which usually involves photon, electron or X-ray based imaging methods. Herein, we report an optics-free strategy that images a specific protein in single cells by time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) following genetic incorporation of fluorine-containing unnatural amino acids as a chemical tag into the protein via genetic code expansion technique. The method was developed and validated by imaging GFP in E. coli and human HeLa cancer cells, and then utilized to visualize the distribution of chemotaxis protein CheA in E. coli cells and the interaction between high mobility group box 1 protein and cisplatin damaged DNA in HeLa cells. The present work highlights the power of ToF-SIMS imaging combined with genetically encoded chemical tags for <i>in situ </i>visualization of proteins of interest as well as the interactions between proteins and drugs or drug damaged DNA in single cells.</p><p></p>

scholarly journals In situ characterisation of phytohormones from wounded Arabidopsis leaves using desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry imaging

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Asta Žukauskaitė ◽  
Ivan Petřík ◽  
Aleš Pěnčík ◽  
Martin Hönig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Imaging ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Ionisation Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Endogenous Regulators ◽  
Ionisation Mass

Phytohormones (plant hormones) are a group of small signalling molecules that act as important endogenous regulators in the plant development and stress responses. Previous research has identified phytohormone species, jasmonates,...

Corrigendum to “In situ flash X-ray observation of projectile penetration processes and crater cavity growth in porous gypsum target analogous to low-density asteroids” [Icarus 221 (2012) 646–657]

Icarus ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 221 (2) ◽  
pp. 1190
Author(s):  
Minami Yasui ◽  
Masahiko Arakawa ◽  
Sunao Hasegawa ◽  
Yukihiro Fujita ◽  
Toshihiko Kadono
Keyword(s):  
Cavity Growth ◽  
Low Density ◽  
X Ray

Surface chemistry of structural materials subjected to corrosion

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 1227-1237
Author(s):  
Ivan. S. Pytskii ◽  
Irina V. Minenkova ◽  
Elena S. Kuznetsova ◽  
Rinad Kh. Zalavutdinov ◽  
Aleksei V. Uleanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Structural Materials ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Surface Contaminants ◽  
Gas And Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Approach

AbstractThe article describes a comprehensive mass spectrometric approach to the study of surfaces of structural materials. The combined use of thermal desorption mass spectrometry, gas and liquid chromatography, and laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI) to provide information about the surface and surface layers of materials is proposed. The suggested method allows one to determine the thermodynamic characteristics of compounds and surface contaminants adsorbed on surfaces, as well as surface layers, to determine the composition of volatile and non-volatile contaminants on the surface, and to determine the nature of the distribution over the surface of these compounds. The method allows to obtain the most complete information about the surface condition and can be used to predict the life of structural materials.

A general process for in situ formation of functional surface layers on ceramics

Nature ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 416 (6876) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiro Ishikawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamaoka ◽  
Yoshikatsu Harada ◽  
Teruaki Fujii ◽  
Toshio Nagasawa
Keyword(s):  
Functional Surface ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
General Process ◽  
In Situ Formation
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