scholarly journals The Antiquity of Pearl Shell (Pinctada Sp.) Burial Artifacts in Palau, Western Micronesia

Radiocarbon ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott M Fitzpatrick ◽  
Jenna E Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Caroline Islands ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Human Burials ◽  
Artifact Type

Pearl shell was an important and highly valued resource for producing tools and ornaments in Oceania. One pearl shell artifact type that is quite rare in Micronesia, however, is the crescent-shaped scraper/grater. These artifacts have recently been found in 2 burial caves in Palau, Western Caroline Islands, suggesting they may have played important social and symbolic roles in society. The first direct accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating of this tool type, found in association with an in-situ female burial at the Chelechol ra Orrak site, provides a date of AD 150–270, while associated dates range from 770 BC–AD 180. These dates help contextualize human burials and associated artifacts from one of the earliest and most diverse burial sites in Austronesia.

scholarly journals Reliability of Bone Gelatin AMS Dating: Rattus Exulans and Marine Shell Radiocarbon Dates from Pauatahanui Midden Sites in Wellington, New Zealand

Radiocarbon ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Beavan Athfield ◽  
Bruce McFadgen ◽  
Rodger Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Beta Decay ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Austrovenus Stutchburyi ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Marine Shell

A suite of 6 bone gelatin accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates for Rattus exulans Peale and associated beta decay 14C dates for Austrovenus stutchburyi shell are presented for 4 middens at Pauatahanui, Wellington, New Zealand. Mean calibrated age ranges of Rattus exulans (520–435 BP and 350–330 BP at 95% confidence level) and shell (465–375 BP at 95% confidence level) from the 4 midden sites overlap. The agreement between Rattus exulans bone gelatin dates and associated shell provides an inter-sample comparison of 14C dating using both gas counting (beta decay) and AMS dating techniques. We examine the adequacy of the standard gelatinization treatment for bone samples, which has been employed consistently at the laboratory since 1995.

scholarly journals Ages and ablation and accumulation rates from 14C measurements on Antarctic ice

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Van Roijen ◽  
K. van der Borg ◽  
A.F.M. De Jong ◽  
J. Oerlemans
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Extraction Technique ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Surface Ice ◽  
In Situ Production

Shallow ice cores from an Antarctic blue-ice area at Scharffenbergbotnen were l4C-analyzed using a dry-extraction technique and accelerator mass spectrometry. The in situ production was determined from the 14CO component and used to deduce the natural 14CO2 component. The ages were measured at 10 000 ± 3000 BP. The accumulation and ablation rates determined from the in situ production are 7–20 and 10 cm a−1. respectively, showing agreement with field observations. The derived ages and air-yield data show a nearby origin for the surface ice.

scholarly journals Examination of Background Contamination Levels for Gas Counting and AMS Target Preparation in Trondheim

Radiocarbon ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steinar Gulliksen ◽  
Mette S. Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Target Preparation ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Lower Background

The Radiological Dating Laboratory in Trondheim relatively often dates samples with ages >30 ka BP. Contaminated background materials are known to affect the accuracy of very old dates. We have found, by measurements of different materials, that such contamination is small when using our conventional gas proportional counting (GPC) system. We have also studied contamination levels of our target preparation for 14C accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating in Uppsala. A significant lower background is obtained for Icelandic double spar than for marbles, probably due to a crystal structure of the double spar that is more insensitive to contaminating processes. The background for combusted samples is at the same level as for samples of double spar, indicating that additional 14C contamination due to combustion is negligible. Dates obtained on interstadial samples (T >30 ka bp) by both GPC and AMS agree well.

AMS Radiocarbon Dates from Human Burials at CA-NAP-399, Napa Valley, California, USA

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
Tsim D Schneider ◽  
John Holson ◽  
Lori D Hager ◽  
Samantha S Schell ◽  
Lucian N Schrader
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Napa Valley ◽  
Napa County ◽  
Human Burials

This article presents a set of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates derived from human bone within burial contexts at CA-NAP-399 in Napa County, California, USA.

scholarly journals Ages and ablation and accumulation rates from 14C measurements on Antarctic ice

1995 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Van Roijen ◽  
K. van der Borg ◽  
A.F.M. De Jong ◽  
J. Oerlemans
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Extraction Technique ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Accumulation Rates ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Surface Ice ◽  
In Situ Production

Shallow ice cores from an Antarctic blue-ice area at Scharffenbergbotnen were l4C-analyzed using a dry-extraction technique and accelerator mass spectrometry. The in situ production was determined from the 14CO component and used to deduce the natural 14CO2 component. The ages were measured at 10 000 ± 3000 BP. The accumulation and ablation rates determined from the in situ production are 7–20 and 10 cm a−1. respectively, showing agreement with field observations. The derived ages and air-yield data show a nearby origin for the surface ice.

scholarly journals Marine Turtle Bones from an Archaeological Site in Polynesia Yield Reliable Age Determinations

Radiocarbon ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
T S Dye
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Marine Turtle ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Marine Turtles ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Age Determinations

Accelerator mass spectrometry dating of three 50g samples of marine turtle bone from the basal cultural stratum of the Tongoleleka archaeological site, Lifuka Island, Kingdom of Tonga, South Pacific yields results that agree with conventional 14C dates on marine shell. A method for calibrating these dates that takes into account the long distance migrations of marine turtles in the South Pacific is proposed. A sample size greater than 50g is recommended for routine AMS dating of marine turtle bone.

Novel Laser Ablation Sampling Device for the Rapid Radiocarbon Analysis of Carbonate Samples by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Welte ◽  
L Wacker ◽  
B Hattendorf ◽  
M Christl ◽  
J Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sampling Device ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
193 Nm

AbstractConventional radiocarbon analysis of carbonate records with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is time consuming and the achievable spatial resolution is limited, because individual samples have to be taken and need to be converted to graphite for the measurement. A new laser ablation (LA) in situ sampling technique for rapid online 14C analyses of carbonate records by AMS is presented. By focusing a 193-nm ArF excimer laser on carbonate samples, carbon dioxide is generated and can directly be introduced into the gas ion source of an AMS. A dedicated LA cell for AMS was constructed in a way that combines rapid gas exchange with the capacity to carry sample specimen with maximum dimensions of 15×2.5×1.5 cm3. With the presented setup, negative carbon ion currents up to 20 µA were achieved. A low 14C background of 0.011±0.002 F14C was observed on 14C-free marble and different standard and reference materials could be well reproduced within errors. The novel technique allows scanning carbonate samples continuously over several cm per hour with achievable measurement precisions of less than 1% for modern samples. This approach allows acquiring highly spatially resolved 14C records at a far higher rate than with any currently available method.

scholarly journals Problems in the Extension of the Radiocarbon Calibration Curve (10–13 kyr BP)

Radiocarbon ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Hajdas ◽  
Susan D. Ivy-Ochs ◽  
Georges Bonani
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Varved Lake Sediments ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Varve Counting ◽  
Radiocarbon Calibration

Radiocarbon dating of varved lake sediments shows that, during the Late Glacial (10–12 kyr bp), the offset between the 14C and the absolute time scales was ca. 1 kyr. Varve counting and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating were used to build absolute and 14C time scales of sediments from two lakes—Soppensee, Switzerland and Holzmaar, Germany. The resulting chronologies extend back to ca. 12.9 kyr cal bp (12.1 kyr bp) in the case of Soppensee and to ca. 13.8 kyr cal BP (12.6 kyr bp) in the Holzmaar record. They compare well with each other but differ significantly from the 14C-U/Th chronology of corals (Bard et al. 1993; Edwards et al. 1993).

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dates from the Jewish Catacombs of Rome

Radiocarbon ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard V Rutgers ◽  
Arie F M De Jong ◽  
Klaas van der Borg
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
First Century ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Ams Dating

This paper reports on the first chronological assessment of the Jewish Catacombs of the ancient Rome performed by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating of small-size charcoal fragments scattered in the mortar used for sealing off the graves in the Villa Torlonia Catacomb complex. The significance of the obtained 14C readings has been carefully evaluated by taking into consideration the known technologies of quicklime production during Roman and recent times. The new data are of great concern for providing evidence that the Jewish catacombs were used for burial since the first century AD, thus some two centuries prior to the period traditionally believed to be the starting point of burial in the Jewish catacombs of ancient Rome. Such a significant aging of the Jewish catacombs could result in a deep re-examination of the current understanding of the beginning and the evolution of the custom of catacomb burial in both Jewish and early Christian communities in Rome.

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