scholarly journals Przewalski's horse — putting the wild horse back in the wild

Oryx ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver A. Ryder
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Captive Population ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Wild Horse ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Equus Przewalskii ◽  
Przewalski's Horse ◽  
Przewalski’S Horse

Efforts are under way to re-establish free-living populations of Przewalski's horse Equus przewalskii from zoo-bred individuals. The time is opportune to begin such initiatives as there are more than 660 individuals dispersed in over 70 zoological collections. In addition, the captive population is now increasing rapidly and has the potential to provide reasonable numbers of animals for reintroduction programmes without jeopardizing the maintenance of the population that serves as an ex-situ gene pool nucleus.

scholarly journals An extremely low gene pool for breeding of Equus przewalskii (Perissodactyla: Equidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-224
Author(s):  
Jiří Volf
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Equus Przewalskii ◽  
Przewalski's Horse ◽  
Przewalski’S Horse

Only 62 individuals of the Przewalski’s horse (Equus przewalski) were brought from the wild to captivity during the period of the known existence of their wild population (1881 – ca. 1968), 24 males and 30 females in 1899–1903; 1 male and 4 females in 1942–1945; 1 male and 2 females in 1947. Of these horses, only 12 individuals (6 males, 6 females) from the first imports and a female from 1947 entered the global breeding programme of the Przewalski’s horse.

Morphological character of the shoulder and leg skeleton in Przewalski's horse (Equus przewalskii)

1999 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoki Sasaki ◽  
Hideki Endo ◽  
Daishiro Yamagiwa ◽  
Masako Yamamoto ◽  
Kazuyoshi Arishima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Character ◽  
Equus Przewalskii ◽  
Przewalski's Horse ◽  
Przewalski’S Horse

scholarly journals Major Histocompatibility Complex Variation in the Endangered Przewalski’s Horse

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 1701-1710
Author(s):  
Philip W Hedrick ◽  
Karen M Parker ◽  
Ellen L Miller ◽  
Philip S Miller
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Amino Acid Position ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Related Sequence ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Complex Variation ◽  
Przewalski's Horse ◽  
Przewalski’S Horse

Abstract The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a fundamental part of the vertebrate immune system, and the high variability in many MHC genes is thought to play an essential role in recognition of parasites. The Przewalski’s horse is extinct in the wild and all the living individuals descend from 13 founders, most of whom were captured around the turn of the century. One of the primary genetic concerns in endangered species is whether they have ample adaptive variation to respond to novel selective factors. In examining 14 Przewalski’s horses that are broadly representative of the living animals, we found six different class II DRB major histocompatibility sequences. The sequences showed extensive nonsynonymous variation, concentrated in the putative antigen-binding sites, and little synonymous variation. Individuals had from two to four sequences as determined by single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. On the basis of the SSCP data, phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences, and segregation in a family group, we conclude that four of these sequences are from one gene (although one sequence codes for a nonfunctional allele because it contains a stop codon) and two other sequences are from another gene. The position of the stop codon is at the same amino-acid position as in a closely related sequence from the domestic horse. Because other organisms have extensive variation at homologous loci, the Przewalski’s horse may have quite low variation in this important adaptive region.

scholarly journals The rarest of the rare: rediscovery and status of the critically endangered Belem Curassow, Crax fasciolata pinima (Pelzeln, 1870)

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. e20195946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo França Alteff ◽  
Gustavo Gonsioroski ◽  
Marcelo Barreiros ◽  
Leonardo Gabriel Campos de Oliveira Torres ◽  
André Restel Camilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
New Records ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Indigenous Lands ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Awareness Programs

The Belem Curassow (Crax fasciolata pinima) is one of the most endangered birds in South America, without sightings of birds in the wild for 40 years. This subspecies is nationally and internationally classified as critically endangered and close to extinction, suffering from poaching and deforestation in its range. Here we present new records of free-living individuals made on three indigenous lands in Pará and Maranhão states: in part of Terra Indígena Mãe Maria, Bom Jesus do Tocantins, Pará; in locations within the Reserva Biológica do Gurupi/Terra Indígena Alto Turiaçu, Centro Novo do Maranhão, Maranhão; and around the Terra Indígena Rio Pindaré, Alto Alegre do Pindaré, Maranhão. We also provide recommendations to protect this bird via a dedicated conservation program which includes finding new individuals in non-sampled areas (north of BR-222), estimating population size, enhancing taxonomic and natural history knowledge, capturing wild animals in order to start urgent ex situ conservation programs, and developing environmental awareness programs with the local and indigenous populations.

scholarly journals CT Examination of the Guttural Pouch (Auditory Tube Diverticulum) in Przewalski's Horse (Equus przewalskii).

1999 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 1019-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoki SASAKI ◽  
Yoshihiro HAYASHI ◽  
Hiroshi KOIE ◽  
Yoshiki YAMAYA ◽  
unpei JKIMURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Tube ◽  
Ct Examination ◽  
Equus Przewalskii ◽  
Przewalski's Horse ◽  
Przewalski’S Horse

scholarly journals Analysis of volatiles from feces of released Przewalski’s horse (Equus przewalskii) in Gasterophilus pecorum (Diptera: Gasterophilidae) spawning habitat

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Zhou ◽  
Jianming Yang ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Yingjie Qi ◽  
Wei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Spawning Habitat ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Fresh Feces ◽  
Gasterophilus Pecorum ◽  
Equus Przewalskii ◽  
Przewalski's Horse ◽  
And Control ◽  
Przewalski’S Horse

AbstractThe absolute dominant species that infests wild population of Przewalski’s horse (Equus przewalskii) is Gasterophilus pecorum, and feces of released Przewalski’s horse, a habitat odor, plays an important role in mating and ovipositing locations of G. pecorum. To screen out unique volatiles for attracting G. pecorum, volatiles from fresh feces of released horses at stages of pre-oviposition (PREO), oviposition (OVIP), and post-oviposition (POSO) of G. pecorum, and feces with three different freshness states (i.e., Fresh, Semi-fresh, and Dry) at OVIP were collected by dynamic headspace adsorption and determined by automatic thermal desorption GC–MS. Results show that there were significant differences in fecal volatiles within both test conditions. Of the five most abundant volatiles from the five individual samples, the most important volatile was ammonium acetate at OVIP/Fresh, followed by acetophenone (Semi-fresh), toluene (PREO, OVIP and POSO), butanoic acid (OVIP and Semi-fresh), acetic acid (PREO, POSO and Semi-fresh), 1,6-octadiene,3,7-dimethyl-,(S)- (PREO, OVIP and POSO), 1,5,9-undecatriene,2,6,10-trimethyl-,(Z)- (PREO and Semi-fresh) and caprolactam (all conditions), which seem to be critical substances in oviposition process of G. pecorum. The findings may be beneficial to development of G. pecorum attractants, facilitating prevention and control of infection by G. pecorum to released Przewalski’s horse.

scholarly journals Missing specimens of Equus przewalskii from the collection of the National Museum in Prague (Perissodactyla: Equidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Jiří Volf
Keyword(s):  
National Museum ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Equus Przewalskii ◽  
Przewalski's Horse ◽  
Przewalski’S Horse

Abstract This paper presents osteometric data on three missing specimens of the Przewalski’s horse (Equus przewalskii) from the collection of the National Museum in Prague (75. ♀ Praha 8 “Vlasta”, 120 ♂ Washington 1 “Horymír“, and 92. ♂ Praha 25 “Leo”). The specimens were examined and the measurements taken by the author in the 1960s and 1970s, before they got lost.

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