scholarly journals Unveiling a surprising diversity in the lichen genus Micarea (Pilocarpaceae) in Réunion (Mascarenes archipelago, Indian Ocean)

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Maarten BRAND ◽  
Pieter P. G. VAN DEN BOOM ◽  
Emmanuël SÉRUSIAUX
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Tropical Island ◽  
The Status ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Local Ecology ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

AbstractDetailed anatomical and chemical studies conducted on recent collections made in almost all suitable habitats on Réunion, a small remote tropical island in the Indian Ocean, yielded a surprising diversity in the widespread lichen genus Micarea (Pilocarpaceae, Lecanorales). Twenty-one species are recognized, including 13 described here as new to science. They are: Micarea alectorialica, M. bebourensis, M. borbonica, M. boryana, M. cilaoensis, M. hyalinoxanthonica, M. isidiosa, M. melanoprasina, M. pseudocoppinsii, M. pseudolignaria, M. sublithinella, M. takamakae and M. tenuispora. Notes on local ecology and important biogeographical features are also given and a key to the species is provided. Isidiiform areolae are reported for the first time in the genus (M. isidiosa and M. tenuispora), as well as the production of protolichesterinic and confluentic acids (M. sublithinella and M. takamakae, respectively). Two groups within the genus are species-rich on the island: the M. peliocarpa group with possibly 5 species, including 3 new to science, and the M. prasina group with 4 species, including 2 new to science. Micarea levicula is reported here for the first time since its description, and the status of the material that can be referred to M. micrococca s. lat. needs further study.

Out of the South? The first Afrotropical record of Prochyliza Walker (Diptera: Piophilidae), with description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4232 (1) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL MARTÍN-VEGA ◽  
MARTIN J. EBEJER ◽  
DANIEL WHITMORE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
La Réunion ◽  
The South ◽  
Afrotropical Region ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The genus Prochyliza Walker is recorded for the first time from the Afrotropical Region. A new species, Prochyliza ignifera sp. nov., is described from the Indian Ocean islands of Aldabra and La Réunion. The status of this species as possibly the most primitive in the genus Prochyliza is hypothesised and discussed, raising some questions about the taxonomy and the zoogeographical origin of the group. The holotype of Piophila viridicollis Macquart from La Réunion was studied and it is instated as a subjective junior synonym of Piophila casei (Linnaeus), syn. nov. 

A Contest of Status and Legitimacy in the Indian Ocean

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brewster
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
International System ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Indian Ocean Region ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
Threat Perceptions ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Asymmetry

This chapter examines Indian and Chinese perspectives of each other as major powers and their respective roles in the Indian Ocean. It focuses on the following elements: (a) China’s strategic imperatives in the Indian Ocean Region, (b) India’s views on its special role in the Indian Ocean and the legitimacy of the presence of other powers, (c) China’s strategic vulnerabilities in the Indian Ocean and India’s wish to leverage those vulnerabilities, (d) the asymmetry in Indian and Chinese threat perceptions, and (d) Chinese perspectives of the status of India in the international system and India’s claims to a special role in the Indian Ocean. The chapter concludes that even if China were to take a more transparent approach to its activities, significant differences in perceptions of threat and over status and legitimacy will produce a highly competitive dynamic between them in the maritime domain.

scholarly journals Vallicula multiformis Rankin, 1956 (Ctenophora, Platyctenida): first record from the Indian Ocean

Check List ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amruta Prasade ◽  
Deepak Apte ◽  
Purushottam Kale ◽  
Otto M.P. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
First Record ◽  
West Coast Of India ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
First Time

The benthic ctenophore Vallicula multiformis Rankin, 1956 is recorded for the first time in the Arabian Sea, from the Gulf of Kutch, west coast of India in March 2013. This occurrence represents a remarkable extension of its geographic distribution that until now included only known the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.

scholarly journals Issues in Sino-Indian Relations: Implications for Competition

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (II) ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
Fakhr Ul Munir ◽  
SanaUllah ◽  
Anila
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Dalai Lama ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Indian Relations ◽  
India And China

India and China are the world's fast mounting economies influencing global politics affecting 2.5 billion of their subjects via their policies. Both states account for one-fifth of the total populace of the globe. Asia's overall progress, peace, prosperity and stability is directly influenced by the relations of these two Asian competitors. It is anticipated that by 2025, these states would be world's economies. However, bilateral disputes and enmity wield greater regional and global implications, which are intensely required to be resolved for the best and prosperous future. One of the most crucial aspects aggravating Sino-Indian relations is the asylum given to Dalai Lama and the status of Tibet. China has been assisting Pakistan economically and technically to build Gwadar Port, supporting Sri Lankan northern Hambantota Port, extending sustenance to Bangladesh's Chittagong Port, and furthering support to the Myanmar Port lying at the coastal region of the Indian Ocean. However, the strained relations for decades between India and China had given little space for healthy trade, increasing from 3 billion $ in 2000 to 20 billion $ in 2010.

Some new data on tropical western Pacific Ascidians

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2561 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANÇOISE MONNIOT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
New Records ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Tropical Western Pacific ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Made In

Numerous collections of ascidians have been made in the Pacific and Indian Oceans but the inventory is far from complete. Each sampling provides new species. Two new didemnids are described here from Palau and Vanuatu. New records are given for 22 additional species with complementary descriptions and underwater photographs. The tropical ascidian fauna is highly diverse and successive new collections show that many of the species are not only widely distributed from the central to western Pacific but also common to the Indian Ocean.

First occurrence of the moray eel Gymnothorax prolatus Sasaki & Amaoka, 1991 (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from the northern Indian Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Mohapatra ◽  
Dipanjan Ray ◽  
David G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Northern Indian Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Western ◽  
Moray Eel

Gymnothorax prolatusis recorded for the first time from the Indian Ocean on the basis of four specimens collected in the Bay of Bengal off India and one from the Arabian Sea off Pakistan. These records extend the range of the species from Taiwan to the north-western Indian Ocean.

Polycystididae (Rhabditophora: Rhabdocoela: Kalyptorhynchia) from the Indian Ocean, with the description of twelve new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1849 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOM J. ARTOIS ◽  
BART S. TESSENS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Coast ◽  
New Records ◽  
Species Level ◽  
New Localities ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Taxonomical Position ◽  
First Time

An overview of the Polycystididae from the Indian Ocean is presented, including the description of twelve new species. The taxonomical position of each of these species is discussed. Austrorhynchus kerguelensis n. sp., Paraustrorhynchus neleae n. sp., Paulodora ancora n. sp., P. contortoides n. sp., P. drepanophora n. sp., P. hamifer n. sp., P. porcellus n. sp., P. schockaerti n. sp., P. watsoni n. sp., Phonorhynchoides linguatus n. sp. and Polycystis elsae n. sp. can all be distinguished from their congeners on characteristics of the construction of the hard parts of the male system. The older records of Paulodora contorta (Schockaert & Karling, 1975) Artois & Schockaert, 1998 by Schockaert (1982) and Jouk & De Vocht (1989) are re-evaluated and the material is recognised as Paulodora drepanophora n. sp.. The subspecies P. felis asymmetrica Artois & Schockaert, 2001 is raised to the species level. Annalisella bermudensis Karling, 1978, Paraustrorhynchus elixus (Marcus, 1954) Karling & Schockaert, 1977 and Phonorhynchoides haegheni Artois & Schockaert, 2001 are recorded for the first time in the Indian Ocean. The new material of these species is discussed and compared with older descriptions. For Alcha evelinae Marcus, 1949, Cincturorhynchus karlingi Schockaert, 1982, Djeziraia pardii Schockaert, 1971 Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg, 1831, Paulodora subcontorta (Schockaert, 1982) Artois & Schockaert, 1998 and Polycystis ali Schockaert, 1982 new localities are given, and newly collected material is discussed. The discussion of P. ali leads to the split of the species into P. ali Schockaert, 1982 from the African East Coast and Galapagos and P. californica n. sp. from California. For some of the species, new records outside the Indian Ocean are also mentioned.

Amphimedon species (Porifera: Niphatidae) from the Gulf of Aqaba, Northern Red Sea: Filling the gaps in the distribution of a common pantropical genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 859 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAMER HELMY ◽  
ROB W.M. VAN SOEST
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Gulf Of Aqaba ◽  
The Status ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Northern Red Sea

Amphimedon (Porifera, Demospongiae, Haplosclerida, Niphatidae), a pantropical genus of reef and mangrove sponges, was recently recorded for the first time from the Red Sea suggesting a rarity which is not sustained by new reef surveys in the Gulf of Aqaba. Here we describe four species of Amphimedon occurring commonly in the Gulf of Aqaba. Among these, three are new to science, A. dinae sp.nov., A. jalae sp.nov. and A. hamadai sp.nov., the fourth one has been recently described as A. chloros Ilan et al., 2004. Although the latter species and our three new species are the first definite Ampimedon species recorded from the Red Sea, at least one previously described sponge from the region, Ceraochalina ochracea Keller, 1889 is suspected to belong to this genus as well. The status of the described and suspected Red Sea Amphimedon is discussed and compared to species recorded from neighbouring Indian Ocean waters.

A new species of Nyleta Dodd (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from Southeast Asia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (18) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Veenakumari Kamalanathan ◽  
Prashanth Mohanraj
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Remote Island ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The monotypic genus Nyleta was described by Dodd from Australia in 1926, with Nyleta striaticeps Dodd as the type species. A new species of Nyleta is now described and imaged from the remote island of Little Andaman in the Andaman and Nicobar group of Islands in the Indian Ocean. Variants of the same species were also collected from Tamil Nadu. The images of the holotype of N. striaticeps are also provided for the first time.

Zheng He's Expeditions to the Western Ocean and His Navigation Technology

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Guangqi
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Ming Dynasty ◽  
Western Pacific Ocean ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Age Of Discovery ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Western Pacific ◽  
Made In

Zheng He was the greatest navigator in China's history and he conducted major oceanic voyages, before the western ‘Age of Discovery’, at a time when the Portuguese under Prince Henry were just beginning to feel their way down the coast of Africa. Under the orders of Emperor Yongle and then Emperor Xuande in the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He led a fleet which was the greatest in the world in the fifteenth century and made, in all, seven expeditions to the Western Ocean from 1405 to 1433. His fleet sailed across most of the sea areas of the Western Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, and visited more than thirty Asian and African countries and regions. This paper will mainly discuss the extraordinary achievements of Zheng He's expeditions and their navigational technology, and will also briefly evaluate their role in navigational history.

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