Populations of epiphytic lichens under stress conditions: survival strategies

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina N. MIKHAILOVA
Keyword(s):  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Species Competition ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Competitive Species ◽  
Copper Smelting Plant

The effect of a copper-smelting plant on populations of Hypogymnia physodes and Tuckermanopsis sepincola was studied in the Middle Urals. A different population response was found between the two lichen species due to different life strategies. The pollution appears to decrease growth and developmental rate of H. physodes (a vegetatively reproducing strongly competitive species), resulting in a shift of population structure towards smaller, esorediate to low sorediate thalli. The background population of the sexually reproducing Tuckermanopsis sepincola consisted mainly of young, small thalli of a low fertility as a result of strong inter-species competition with H. physodes. At the polluted site, the sharp decrease in the abundance of H. physodes led to a shift in structure of the T. sepincola population towards larger and more fertile thalli. It may be concluded that T. sepincola benefits from air pollution by an indirect effect of the removal of a strong competitor, i.e. H. physodes.

scholarly journals Early development of Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. in response to emissions from a copper smelter

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina N. Mikhailova ◽  
Christoph Scheidegger
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Copper Smelter ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Hypogymnia Physodes ◽  
Toxic Impact ◽  
Early Developmental ◽  
Desert Zone ◽  
Copper Smelting Plant

AbstractThe early development of Hypogymnia physodes from soredia to the formation of stratified lobes has been studied experimentally in the vicinity of a copper-smelting plant in theMiddle Urals. SEM investigations combined with life table analyses of early developmental stages revealed decreases in soredial survival and developmental rate in polluted localities. Non-stricatified pre-thallus stages without an epicortex were tolerant to toxic impact and were able to survive even in the zone with the highest pollution (lichen desert zone). The sensitivity of developmental stagesancreased after stratified lobes had developed.

scholarly journals An Extension of Two Species Lotka-Volterra Competition Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Idy BA ◽  
Papa Ibrahima NDIAYE ◽  
Mahe Ndao ◽  
AboubaKary Diakhaby
Keyword(s):  
Global Stability ◽  
Local Stability ◽  
Competition Model ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Species Competition ◽  
Planar System ◽  
Saddle Node Bifurcation ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Competition Effects ◽  
Competitive Species

Limiting resource is a angular stone of the interactions between species in ecosystems such as competition, prey-predators and food chain systems. In this paper, we propose a planar system as an extension of Lotka-Voterra competition model. This describes? two competitive species for a single resource? which are affected by intra and inter-specific interference. We give its complete analysis for the existence and local stability of all equlibria and some conditions of global stability. The model exhibits a rich set of behaviors with a multiplicity of coexistence equilibria, bi-stability, tri-stability and occurrence of global stability of the exclusion of one species and the coexistence? equilibrium. The asymptotic behavior and the number of coexistence equilibria are shown by a saddle-node bifurcation of the level of resource under conditions on competitive effects relatively to associated growth rate per unit of resource.Moreover, we determine the competition outcome in the situations of Balanced and Unbalanced intra-inter species competition effects. Finally, we illustrate results by numerical simulations.

scholarly journals A Stochastic Two Species Competition Model: Nonequilibrium Fluctuation and Stability

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Planck Equation ◽  
Competition Model ◽  
Probability Density Functions ◽  
Density Functions ◽  
Species Competition ◽  
Symmetric Competition ◽  
Competitive Species ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nonequilibrium Fluctuation

The object of this paper is to study the stability behaviours of the deterministic and stochastic versions of a two-species symmetric competition model. The logistic parameters of the competitive species are perturbed by colored noises or Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes due to random environment. The Fokker-Planck equation has been used to obtain probability density functions. Here, we have also discussed the relationship between stability behaviours of this model in a deterministic environment and the corresponding model in a stochastic environment.

scholarly journals Environmental geochemistry of the copper slag old dump in the Middle Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sergeevna ZOLOTOVA ◽  
◽  
Niktor Fedorovich RYABININ ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Environmental Geochemistry ◽  
Copper Slag ◽  
Copper Smelter ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Fine Soil ◽  
Smelting Slag

Relevance of the work. Wastes from mining and processing industries occupy vast areas and cause serious environmental damage. The research results will contribute to the development of biological reclamation of industrial areas and environmental monitoring. Purpose of the work: study of the geochemical features of soils and plants formed on old slags of the Polevsky copper smelter (Middle Urals). Methods of the study. We laid the plot in the relatively flat section of the base of the steep slope of the dump. Complex samples were taken at equal intervals on the transect and included blocks of technogenic soil along with growing plants. The material of the complex sample was divided into fractions by nature (soil, plants) and by size of fragments of copper smelting slag, dried to air-dry state and weighed. The chemical composition of the samples was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results. The man-made soil with a thickness of 10–15 cm has formed on the cast copper smelting slag old dump. More than a third of its mass is fine soil (particles less than 1 mm), which is a sorption geochemical barrier. The most elements concentration in fine soil is 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than their concentration in slag stone. Lead, cadmium, bismuth are especially effectively delayed. In the fine soil, the strongest excesses of the maximum permissible concentrations for all regulated elements have been established. It has been confirmed that under unlimited supply conditions of elements migration from slag, plant has an upper accumulation threshold. For the aboveground plant parts, the highest values of the biological absorption coefficient were found for selenium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus. Conclusions. An environmental assessment of the Polevsky smelter (Middle Urals) old dump was carried out, the geochemical features of the soil and plants were investigated.

scholarly journals Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in woody plants and herbs near the large copper smelting plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-537
Author(s):  
D. V. Veselkin ◽  
O. E. Chashchina ◽  
N. B. Kuyantseva ◽  
A. G. Mumber
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Nitrogen Isotopes ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Ilmen State Reserve ◽  
Smelting Plant ◽  
Copper Smelting Plant

Variations of stable carbon (13С and 12С) and nitrogen (15N and 14N) isotopic composition are analyzed in forest plants subjected to the emissions of large copper smelting plant. The studies were carried out in pine forests at ten test plots near the Karabash copper smelting plant and in the Ilmen State Reserve at South Urals. The 13С/12С and 15N/14N isotopic ratios were analyzed in leaves of plants of different functional groups (with ecto-, ericoid, or arbuscular mycorrhiza; with nitrogen-fixing symbiosis, and non-mycorrhizal). The 13С/12С ratio did not change under technogenic pollution. The low isotopic 15N/14N ratio was established in ectomycorrhizal trees, while the high ratio was found in herbs with arbuscular mycorrhiza, nitrogenfixing symbiosis, and non-mycorrhizal groups. As compared to nonpolluted habitats, the 15N content in leaves near the copper smelting plant increases by 2.7‰ in the ectomycorrhizal trees and by 3.4‰ in undershrubs with ericoid mycorrhiza, and by 2.2‰ in herbs with arbuscular mycorrhiza. This indicates a significant change in conditions of mineral feeding of plants under heavy metal pollution of natural ecosystems.

Emission characteristics of heavy metals from a typical copper smelting plant

2022 ◽  
Vol 424 ◽  
pp. 127311
Author(s):  
Jiawei Zhang ◽  
Xiaohui Sun ◽  
Jianguo Deng ◽  
Guoliang Li ◽  
Zhijian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Smelting Plant ◽  
Copper Smelting Plant
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