Precision silver nitrate cautery of the posterior nasal cavity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
J Watson ◽  
P Nix
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Bleeding Point ◽  
Healthy Mucosa ◽  
Novel Method

Abstract Background This technical note describes a novel method of cauterising the posterior nasal cavity through the use of a plastic straw and silver nitrate. Objective This technique aims to prevent unwanted damage to surrounding nasal mucosa. Methods Once the nasal cavity has been prepared for cauterisation, the silver nitrate stick is navigated to the bleeding point covered by the plastic straw. The silver nitrate stick is then advanced onto the bleeding point allowing precise cauterisation of the nasal mucosa, without effecting surrounding healthy mucosa.

Does epistaxis with an unknown bleeding site originate from the posterior part of the nasal cavity?

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (09) ◽  
pp. 818-821
Author(s):  
Z-C Lou
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Bleeding Site ◽  
Consecutive Case ◽  
Bleeding Point ◽  
Inferior Meatus

AbstractObjectiveTo review the origins of epistaxis in patients with unknown bleeding sites.MethodsThis consecutive case series included 26 patients with unknown bleeding sites previously considered to have posterior epistaxis. All patients had previously been examined endoscopically at least once, and were again examined with 30°, 45° and 70° endoscopes.ResultsThe bleeding site was at the: anterior end of the lateral wall of the inferior meatus in one patient (3.8 per cent); anterosuperior lateral wall of the nasal cavity in five patients (19.2 per cent); anterior nasal cavity roof in seven patients (26.9 per cent); anterosuperior part of the cartilaginous septum in nine patients (34.6 per cent); ostium pharyngeum tubae in two patients (7.7 per cent); and anterior nasal base in two patients (7.7 per cent). The morphology of the bleeding point showed: nasal mucosa ulceration in 1 patient, isolated primary telangiectasia in 3 patients, prominent vessels in 5 patients and capillary angioma in 17 patients.ConclusionEpistaxis originating from the anterosuperior nasal cavity and nasopharynx can be easily misdiagnosed as posterior epistaxis or unknown bleeding sites. Areas that should be considered as possible origins of epistaxis in cases with unknown bleeding sites were identified.

scholarly journals Technical Note: Quantifying music-dance synchrony with the application of a deep learning-based 2D pose estimator

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Potempski ◽  
Andrea Sabo ◽  
Kara K Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Synchronous Condition ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Repeated Training

AbstractDance interventions are more effective at improving gait and balance outcomes than other rehabilitation interventions. Repeated training may culminate in superior motor performance compared to other interventions without synchronization. This technical note will describe a novel method using a deep learning-based 2D pose estimator: OpenPose, alongside beat analysis of music to quantify movement-music synchrony during salsa dancing. This method has four components: i) camera setup and recording, ii) tempo/downbeat analysis and waveform cleanup, iii) OpenPose estimation and data extraction, and iv) synchronization analysis. Two trials were recorded: one in which the dancer danced synchronously to the music and one where they did not. The salsa dancer performed a solo basic salsa step continuously for 90 seconds to a salsa track while their movements and the music were recorded with a webcam. This data was then extracted from OpenPose and analyzed. The mean synchronization value for both feet was significantly lower in the synchronous condition than the asynchronous condition, indicating that this is an effective means to track and quantify a dancer’s movement and synchrony while performing a basic salsa step.

Acoustic reflections during rhinometry: spatial resolution and sound loss

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 1030-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Hilberg ◽  
Benny Lyholm ◽  
Axel Michelsen ◽  
Ole F. Pedersen ◽  
Oluf Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Sampling Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Viscous Loss ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Physical Limitations ◽  
Made In

The accuracy of the acoustic reflections method for the evaluation of human nasal airway geometry is determined by the physical limitations of the technique and also by the in vivo deviations from the assumptions of the technique. The present study 1) examines the sound loss caused by nonrigidity of the nasal mucosa and viscous loss caused by complex geometry and its influence on the estimation of the acoustic area-distance function; 2) examines the optimal relation between sampling frequency and low-pass filtering, and 3) evaluates advantages of breathing He-O2 during the measurements on accuracy. Measurements made in eight plastic models, with cavities exactly identical to the “living” nasal cavities, revealed only minor effects of nonrigidity of the nasal mucosa. This was confirmed by an electrical analog model, based on laser vibrometry admittance measurements of the nasal mucosa, which indicated that the error in the acoustic measurements caused by wall motion is insignificant. The complex geometry of the nasal cavity per se (i.e., departure from circular) showed no significant effects on the measurements. Low-pass filtering of the signal is necessary to cut off cross modes arising in the nasal cavity. Computer simulations and measurements in models showed that the sampling frequency should be approximately four times the low-pass filtering frequency (i.e., twice the Nyquist frequency) to avoid influence on the result. No advantage was found for the the use of He-O2vs. air in the nasal cavity.

scholarly journals Is Routine Nasoendoscopy Warranted in Epistaxis Patients after Removal of Nasal Packing?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. ar.2011.2.0003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tafadzwa P. Makarawo ◽  
David Howe ◽  
Samuel K. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Additional Benefit ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Bleeding Point ◽  
Bleeding Vessel ◽  
Anterior Rhinoscopy ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Investigative Tool ◽  
Nose And Throat

Fiberoptic nasoendoscopy (FNE) is a powerful investigative tool in ear, nose, and throat practice in which its use in the management of epistaxis is varied among clinicians. The practice of assessing the nasal cavity after removal of nasal packs is common but its usefulness has not been evaluated. Therefore, we assessed the benefits of routine FNE after removal of nasal packs in epistaxis patients. Our study was performed retrospectively involving 62 adult patients admitted over a 6-month period between 2005 and 2006. Data regarding the emergent management of epistaxis cases on presentation, the use of FNE, and the final diagnosis and outcome of each patient were specifically investigated during the study. Anterior rhinoscopy was performed in 27 patients at initial presentation, of whom 45% (10/27) had anterior bleeding points identified. FNE examination after removal of nasal packs in eight patients yielded evidence of a posterior bleeding point in only one case (12.5%). Of those patients in whom anterior rhinoscopy revealed no anterior bleeding point at presentation (17/27), 12 patients went on to have FNE after removal of their nasal packs, and of these, 33% (4/12) of patients were found to have a posterior bleeding vessel. Overall, FNE was performed in 24 patients, of whom only 1 (1/24) had an active posterior bleeding vessel needing nasal repacking. Four patients (4/24) had prominent posterior vessels that required no intervention, 1 patient (1/24) had new pathology identified, and in the remaining 18 cases (18/24), FNE yielded no additional information to modify management. The routine performance of FNE in all epistaxis patients after pack removal does not appear to convey any additional benefit. We advocate the use of FNE when anterior bleeding has been excluded or bleeding is persistent and that careful nasal examination by anterior rhinoscopy should be the cornerstone of assessment.

Rhinitis following intraoperative gastro-oesophageal reflux in a dog

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e000792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Flouraki ◽  
George Kazakos ◽  
Ioannis Savvas ◽  
Dimitra Pardali ◽  
Katerina Adamama-Moraitou
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Pelvic Fracture ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Cent Oxygen ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Oesophageal Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Contents ◽  
Food Particles ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Mucosa

A four-month-old, male dog underwent surgical repair of femoral and pelvic fracture. The dog was premedicated with acepromazine combined with morphine; anaesthesia was induced with propofol to effect and maintained with isoflurane in 100 per cent oxygen. One hour after induction the dog regurgitated and gastric contents emerged through the nares. At the end of the surgery rhinoscopy and oesophagoscopy were performed. The oesophageal mucosa was apparently normal, while posterior and retrograde rhinoscopy revealed diffused hyperaemia and oedema of the nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal mucosa; food particles and moderate amount of mucous exudates were also seen. Copious lavage was performed, and administration of antibiotics, metoclopramide, cimetidine and sucralfate was initiated. Nasal mucosa was re-evaluated four days later. No abnormalities were detected in both nasal cavities and nasopharynx. The development of rhinitis following regurgitation during anaesthesia should be considered as a possible complication.

scholarly journals Specificity, Size, and Frequency of Spaces That Characterize the Mechanism of Bulk Transepithelial Transport of Prions in the Nasal Cavities of Hamsters and Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (18) ◽  
pp. 8293-8301 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Kincaid ◽  
J. I. Ayers ◽  
J. C. Bartz
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Brain Homogenate ◽  
Transepithelial Transport ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Prion Transmission ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Bulk Transport

ABSTRACTInhalation of infected brain homogenate results in transepithelial transport of prions across the nasal mucosa of hamsters, some of which occurs rapidly in relatively large amounts between cells (A. E. Kincaid, K. F. Hudson, M. W. Richey, and J. C. Bartz, J. Virol 86:12731–12740, 2012, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01930-12). Bulk transepithelial transport in the nasal cavity has not been studied to date. In the present study, we characterized the frequency, size, and specificity of the intercellular spaces that mediate the bulk transport of inhaled prions between cells of mice or hamsters following extranasal inoculation with mock-infected brain homogenate, different strains of prion-infected brain homogenate, or brain homogenate mixed with India ink. Infected or mock-infected inoculum was identified within lymphatic vessels of the lamina propria and in spaces of >5 μm between a small number of cells of the nasal mucosa in >90% of animals from 5 to 60 min after inhalation. The width of the spaces between cells, the amount of the inoculum within the lumen of lymphatic vessels, and the timing of the transport indicate that this type of transport was taking place through preexisting spaces in the nasal cavity that were orders of magnitude wider than what is normally reported for paracellular transport. The indiscriminate rapid bulk transport of brain homogenate in the nasal cavity results in immediate entry into nasal cavity lymphatics following inhalation. This novel mechanism may underlie the recent report of the early detection of prions in blood following inhalation and has implications for horizontal prion transmission.IMPORTANCEThe results of these studies demonstrate that the nasal mucosa of mice and hamsters is not an absolute anatomical barrier to inhaled prion-infected or uninfected brain homogenate. Relatively large amounts of infected and uninfected brain homogenate rapidly cross the nasal mucosa and enter the lumen of lymphatic vessels following inhalation. These bulk transepithelial transport events were relatively rare but present in >90% of animals 5 to 60 min following inhalation. This novel mechanism of bulk transepithelial transport was seen in experimental and control hamsters and mice, indicating that it was not species specific or in response to prion exposure. The indiscriminate bulk intercellular transport of inhaled pathogens across the nasal mucosa followed by entry into the lymphatic system may be a mechanism that underlies the entry and spread of other toxins and pathogens in olfactory system-driven animals.

Effects of Vasoactive Agents and their Antagonists Measured by Acoustic Rhinometry

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tokuji Unno ◽  
Etsuji Nagano ◽  
Satoshi Nonaka ◽  
Taketoshi Fujita ◽  
Tetsuji Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Vasoactive Agents ◽  
Ipsilateral Side ◽  
Human Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Direct Activation

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a agonists on the human nasal mucosa. Volumetric changes in the nasal cavity after application of phenylephrine (PNL), oxymetazoline (OMZ), and epinephrine (EPR) were investigated using acoustic rhinometry. The reactions of the nasal mucosa were extremely modified after pretreatment by α1 and α2 antagonists, phenoxybenzamine (POB) and yohimbine (YOH), and local anesthetic, xylocaine (XLC). Decongestion of the nasal mucosa evoked by α stimulants was considered to originate mainly from the direct activation of α1 receptors. Decongestion of the middle and posterior parts began later than the anterior part and was more gradual because of the time necessary to transport the drug particles to the posterior areas. Contralateral volume changes were probably controlled by the afferent signals from the ipsilateral side of the nose.

Induction of Pseudopregnancy in Rat by Silver Nitrate on Nasal Mucosa

1937 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 832-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rosen ◽  
M. C. Shelesnyak
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Nasal Mucosa

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetics of Intranasal Drug Delivery for Targeting Cervical Lymph Nodes in Rats

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1363
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Furubayashi ◽  
Daisuke Inoue ◽  
Shunsuke Kimura ◽  
Akiko Tanaka ◽  
Toshiyasu Sakane
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Intranasal Administration ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Nasal Delivery ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphatic Network ◽  
Model Drug

A well-developed lymphatic network is located under the nasal mucosa, and a few drugs that permeate the nasal mucosa are absorbed into the lymphatic capillaries. Lymph from the nasal cavity flows to the cervical lymph nodes (CLNs). In this study, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of the direct transport of intranasally administered drugs to CLNs through the nasal mucosa of Wistar rats using methotrexate as a model drug. The drug targeting index, which was calculated based on the areas under the concentration–time curves after intravenous and intranasal administration, was 3.78, indicating the benefits of nasal delivery of methotrexate to target CLNs. The direct transport percentage, which was indicative of the contribution of the direct nose–CLN pathway of methotrexate after intranasal administration, was 74.3%. The rate constant of methotrexate from the nasal cavity to CLNs was 0.0047 ± 0.0013 min−1, while that from systemic circulation to CLNs was 0.0021 ± 0.0009 min−1. Through pharmacokinetic analysis, this study demonstrated that the direct nasal–CLN pathway contributed more to the transport of methotrexate to the CLNs than the direct blood–CLN pathway.

Ciliary Patterns in the Nasal Mucosa

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
P. P. C. Graziadei
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Olfactory Receptors ◽  
Surface Pattern ◽  
Olfactory Transduction ◽  
Suitable Test ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ciliary structures are closely associated to two main functions: movement and sensory perception. In olfactory receptors they are postulated as essential specific devices in the mechanism of olfactory transduction. If the postulate is correct, all olfactory receptors should be provided with cilia. The comparative anatomy provides a suitable test for this hypothesis. It is well known that vomero-nasal receptors respond to odors with modalities similar to the olfactory receptors proper. In several species of turtles the vomeronasal epithelium is fully exposed in the nasal cavity so that a surface study with the scanning electron microscope can demonstrate in one single preparation the texture and surface pattern of respiratory, olfactory and vomero-nasal areas.

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