REPRODUCTIVE AND CHILD HEALTH SERVICES AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE IN THE DISTRICTS OF UTTAR PRADESH, 2002–13

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-709
Author(s):  
Mamta Rajbhar ◽  
Sanjay K. Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Reproductive And Child Health ◽  
Female Literacy ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Over Time

SummaryThis study examined the effect of reproductive and child health (RCH) services on fertility and child mortality in the districts of Uttar Pradesh. It specifically measured the effect of antenatal care, medical assistance at birth, child immunization and use of modern methods of contraception on Total Fertility Rate (TFR), Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and Under-five Morality Rate (U5MR) before and after the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) period. Data from the 2002–04 District Level Household Survey (DLHS-2), 2012–13 Annual Health Survey (AHS) and the 2001 and 2011 Censuses of India were used. The TFR and U5MR were estimated from the Census of India with district as the unit of analysis. Descriptive statistics, composite indices, random- and fixed-effects models and difference-in-difference models were used to understand the effect of RCH services on the reduction in TFR, IMR and the U5MR. The results suggest large inter-district variations in the coverage of RCH services in the state. During the post-NRHM period, improvement was highest in safe delivery followed by immunization coverage and antenatal care and least for contraceptive use in most districts. The relative ranking of districts has not changed much over time. In 2002–04, the RCH Index was highest in Lucknow (0.442) followed by Ballia and least in Kaushambi (0.115). By 2012–13, it was highest in Jhansi (0.741) and lowest in Shrawasti (0.241). The districts of Kaushambi, Unnao, Mahoba, Banda and Hardoi performed better in the RCH Index over time, while Ballia, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Kanpur Nagar, Pratapgarh and Sonbhadra remained poor. The RCH service coverage and demographic outcomes were poor in seven districts, particularly those in eastern and western Uttar Pradesh. The regression analyses suggest that the RCH Index exerts greater influence on the reduction in IMR and U5MR, while female literacy exerts greater influence on the reduction in TFR. The results of the hybrid model suggest that a 10% change in RCH Index would lead to a 3 point decline in IMR, and a 10% increase in female literacy would lead to a 0.2 point decline in TFR. The study suggests continuing investment in female education and RCH services with a greater focus on poor-performing districts to realize demographic and health targets.

scholarly journals What Impact Have SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 Pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of Uttar Pradesh in India over the 3 months after nationwide Lockdown announcement in March 2020 -A brief analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyush Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Prime Concern ◽  
Reproductive And Child Health ◽  
Child Health Programme ◽  
Poor Infrastructure ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Health Programme

Abstract Background: The delivery of reproductive and child health services is of utmost importance and prime concern in India particularly populous states like Uttar Pradesh with limited resources, poor infrastructure and huge demand on healthcare system. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had presented a challenge even for developed healthcare systems around the world.

What Impact Have SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 Pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of Uttar Pradesh in India over the 3 months after nationwide Lock down announcement in March 2020? Immunisation? Maternal Health? Family Planning?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyush Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Reproductive And Child Health ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Health Programme

ABSTRACTBackground: The delivery of reproductive and child health services is of utmost importance and prime concern in India particularly populous states like Uttar Pradesh with limited resources, poor infrastructure and huge demand on healthcare system. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had presented a challenge even for developed healthcare systems around the world. Objectives: The main aim of this research is to find out Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of Uttar Pradesh in India over the 3 months after Lock down imposition countrywide in March 2020. Settings & Design: Different indicators group of RCH programme 2020 (immunisation, maternal & child health, family planning) for state of Uttar Pradesh were collected from Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India and compared from previous year 2019 data for the period of three months(April/May/June) and presented in tables and graphs to understand the situation. Materials & Methodology: Secondary data from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India for 3 month of April, May, June 2019 & 2020 were taken for analysing and understanding the impact of pandemic on RCH programme over 3 months after nationwide lock down announced in march 2020 viz. April/May/June 2020. The data obtained is analysed by using Microsoft Office software. Result: The analysis of secondary data obtained from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare website (Provisional figure & mentioned free for distribution) for RCH programme of the state of Uttar Pradesh shows that the lock down period & initial early phase of SARS-CoV-2 during above mentioned 3 months pandemic have a negative impact over the delivery of Reproductive & Child Health services reflected through important indicators of which are also affected negatively. Besides the pandemic the state is also having lack of resources, manpower poor infrastructure as well as lack of positive deviance at community level. These are the barriers in fact beside the epidemic. It seems that there is lack of proper plan to deal with such pandemic situation. Conclusion: The State of Uttar Pradesh has taken various strategies to ensure delivery of RCH services but it seems to be insufficient to give the desired results. The barriers of healthcare system and delivery of services constraints should be rectified added with a proper dynamic plan to carry on usual RCH services even in pandemics and natural disasters. The state of Uttar Pradesh needs to develop an exclusive plan to tackle such situations such as establishment of separate cadre of health worker for RCH services. Keywords- Health, Decrease, Pandemic, Services/service

The India Local Initiatives Program: A Model for Expanding Reproductive and Child Health Services

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Paxman ◽  
Abu Sayeed ◽  
Ann Buxbaum ◽  
Sallie Craig Huber ◽  
Charles Stover
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Local Initiatives ◽  
Reproductive And Child Health ◽  
And Child Health

scholarly journals What Impact Have SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 Pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of India over the 3 months after nationwide Lock down announcement in March 2020 -A brief analysis.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIYUSH KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Reproductive And Child Health ◽  
Child Health Programme ◽  
Poor Infrastructure ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Health Programme

Abstract Background: The delivery of reproductive and child health services is of utmost importance and prime concern in India particularly because of huge population with limited resources, poor infrastructure and huge demand on healthcare system. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had presented a challenge even for developed healthcare systems around the world. Objectives: The main aim of this research is to find out Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme in India over the 3 months after Lockdown imposition countrywide in March 2020 due to Covid-19 pandemic. Settings & Design: Different indicators group of RCH programme 2020 (immunisation, maternal & child health, family planning) for India were collected from Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India and compared from previous year 2019 data for the period of three months(April/May/June) and presented in tables and graphs to understand the situation. Materials & Methodology: Secondary data from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India for 3 month of April, May, June 2019 & 2020 were taken for analysing and understanding the impact of pandemic on RCH programme over 3 months after nationwide lock down announced in march 2020 viz. April/May/June 2020. The data obtained is analysed by using Microsoft Office software. Result: The analysis of secondary data obtained from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare website (Provisional figure & mentioned free for distribution) for RCH programme of India shows that the lock down period & initial early phase of SARS-CoV-2 during above mentioned 3 months pandemic have a negative impact over the delivery of Reproductive & Child Health services reflected through important indicators of which are also affected negatively. Besides the pandemic the Nation is also having lack of resources, manpower poor infrastructure as well as lack of positive deviance at community level. These are the barriers in fact beside the epidemic. It seems that there is lack of proper plan to deal with such pandemic situation. Conclusion: India has taken various strategies to ensure delivery of RCH services but it seems to be insufficient to give the desired results. The barriers of healthcare system and delivery of services constraints should be rectified added with a proper dynamic plan to carry on usual RCH services even in pandemics and natural disasters. India needs to develop an exclusive plan to tackle such situations such as establishment of separate cadre of health worker for RCH services to ensure the healthcare of women and children’s in any natural disasters and calamities.

scholarly journals Community involvement in reproductive health: Findings from research in Karnataka, India

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Reproductive And Child Health ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Child Health

In 1996, the government of India decided to provide a package of reproductive and child health services through the existing family welfare program, adopting a community needs assessment approach (CNAA). To implement this approach, the government abolished its practice of setting contraceptive targets centrally and introduced a decentralized planning strategy whereby health workers assessed the reproductive health needs of women in their respective areas and prepared local plans to meet those needs. They also involved community leaders to promote community participation in the reproductive and child health program. Since 1998, several evaluation studies have assessed the impact of CNAA on the program’s performance and community participation. These studies showed that the performance of the maternal health-care program improved, whereas the functioning of the family planning program initially declined but later recovered. The approach achieved little in boosting community involvement. This project tested a new model of health committee to help stimulate community participation in reproductive and child health activities at the village level. The experiment, described in this report, was conducted in the Hunsur block of the Mysore District in Karnataka for two years. Researchers evaluated the impact in terms of community involvement and utilization of reproductive and child health services.

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