Fertility and Suicide Rates: A Time Series Analysis in the United States

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lester ◽  
Bijou Yang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Time Series Study ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Series Study

SummaryIn a time series study of the USA from 1933 to 1984, fertility rates were associated with the suicide rates of those aged 15–44. The higher the fertility rate the lower the suicide rate for these age groups, for both whites and non-whites, and for both men and women. The results were seen as supporting Durkheim's theory of suicide.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of death by suicide in Brazil and in the United States: descriptive, cross-sectional time series study

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Abuabara ◽  
Allan Abuabara ◽  
Carin Albino Luçolli Tonchuk
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Time Series ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
Time Series Study ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Series Study

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The World Health Organization recognizes suicide as a public health priority. Increased knowledge of suicide risk factors is needed in order to be able to adopt effective prevention strategies. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the association between the Gini coefficient (which is used to measure inequality) and suicide death rates over a 14-year period (2000-2013) in Brazil and in the United States (US). The hypothesis put forward was that reduction of income inequality is accompanied by reduction of suicide rates. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive cross-sectional time-series study in Brazil and in the US. METHODS: Population, death and suicide death data were extracted from the DATASUS database in Brazil and from the National Center for Health Statistics in the US. Gini coefficient data were obtained from the World Development Indicators. Time series analysis was performed on Brazilian and American official data regarding the number of deaths caused by suicide between 2000 and 2013 and the Gini coefficients of the two countries. The suicide trends were examined and compared. RESULTS: Brazil and the US present converging Gini coefficients, mainly due to reduction of inequality in Brazil over the last decade. However, suicide rates are not converging as hypothesized, but are in fact rising in both countries. CONCLUSION: The hypothesis that reduction of income inequality is accompanied by reduction of suicide rates was not verified.

scholarly journals Perceived Discrimination against Black Americans and White Americans

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence J. Zigerell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Black Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Election ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Time Series Study ◽  
United States Today ◽  
Election Studies ◽  
Series Study

A widely-cited study reported evidence that White Americans reported higher ratings of how much Whites are the victims of discrimination in the United States than of how much Blacks are the victims of discrimination in the United States. However, much fewer than half of White Americans rated discrimination against Whites in the United States today to be greater or more frequent than discrimination against Blacks in the United States today, in data from the American National Election Studies 2012 Time Series Study or in preregistered analyses of data from the American National Election Studies 2016 Time Series Study or from a 2017 national nonprobability survey. Given that relative discrimination against Black Americans is a compelling justification for policies to reduce Black disadvantage, results from these three surveys suggest that White Americans' policy preferences have much potential to move in a direction that disfavors programs intended to reduce Black disadvantage.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypotension in populations of the Russian Federation and the United States of America according to 30-year follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 2497
Author(s):  
V. G. Vilkov ◽  
S. A. Shalnova ◽  
Yu. A. Balanova ◽  
S. E. Evstifeeva ◽  
A. E. Imaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa

Aim. To study the prevalence of hypotension according to several criteria in the Russia and the USA.Material and methods. We used data of Russian population studies performed in 1975-1982 and ESSE-RF study performed in 2012-2014 at the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. A comparison was made with the data of cross-sectional stu - dies of the US population — National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): NHANES II (1976-1980) and Continuous NHANES (2007-2012). We analyzed age, sex, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The prevalence of individuals with hypotension was calculated in men and women of five age groups using four different criteria for hypertension.Results. The prevalence of hypotension in studies of different years according to different criteria was as follows: in the Russia — 0,3-9,0% in men and 2-15% in women; in the USA — 5-30% in men and 8-45% in women. In age group >30 years, the prevalence of hypotension in Russia, by most criteria, decreased approximately by 50% in men and did not change in women. In the United States, according to all criteria, the prevalence in men and women has increased 2-3 times.Conclusion. The prevalence of hypotension in the adult population ranges from decimal percentages to 45% and varies many times depending on the selected criterion.

THE SCARCITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AUSTRALIA AND THE UNITED STATES

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (02) ◽  
pp. 251-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
DODO J. THAMPAPILLAI
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Insufficient Evidence ◽  
Time Series Study ◽  
Value Of Nature ◽  
Environmental Capital ◽  
Series Study

The paper employs a methodology that enables the elicitation of the price and quantity of environmental capital (KN) at an aggregate macroeconomic level. The stock of KN considered here is confined to the air-shed of an economy that gets utilized in the process of economic growth. A time series study of the prices and quantities of KN enables an appreciation of the changing value of nature in economic growth. Despite improvements in the rate of utilization of KN, there is insufficient evidence of decreasing scarcity of KN in the case of both Australia and the United States.

scholarly journals Firearm Purchasing and Firearm Violence in the First Months of the Coronavirus Pandemic in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia P. Schleimer ◽  
Christopher D. McCort ◽  
Veronica A. Pear ◽  
Aaron Shev ◽  
Elizabeth Tomsich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Time Series ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Series Study ◽  
Firearm Violence ◽  
Background Check ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Nonfatal Injuries ◽  
Series Study

ABSTRACTImportanceFirearm violence is a significant public health and safety problem in the United States. A surge in firearm purchases following the onset of the coronavirus pandemic may increase rates of firearm violence.ObjectiveTo estimate the association between changes in firearm purchasing and interpersonal firearm violence during the coronavirus pandemic.DesignCross-sectional time series study. We estimate the difference between observed rates of firearm purchases and those predicted by seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average models. Using negative binomial models, we then estimate the association between excess firearm purchases and rates of interpersonal firearm violence within states, controlling for confounders.SettingThe 48 contiguous states and the District of Columbia. Hawaii and Alaska are excluded due to missing or incomplete data.ExposureThe difference between observed and expected rates of firearm purchases in March through May 2020, approximated by National Instant Criminal Background Check System records.Main Outcome and MeasureFatal and nonfatal injuries from interpersonal firearm violence, recorded in the Gun Violence Archive.ResultsWe estimate that there were 2.1 million excess firearm purchases from March through May 2020—a 64.3% increase over expected volume, and an increase of 644.4 excess purchases per 100,000 population. We estimate a relative rate of death and injury from firearm violence of 1.015 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.005 to 1.025) for every 100 excess purchases per 100,000, in models that incorporate variation in purchasing across states and control for effects of the pandemic common to all states. This reflects an increase of 776 fatal and nonfatal injuries (95% CI: 216 to 1,335) over the number expected had no increase in purchasing occurred.Conclusions and RelevanceWe find a significant increase in firearm violence in the United States associated with the coronavirus pandemic-related surge in firearm purchasing. Our findings are consistent with existing research. Firearm violence prevention strategies may be particularly important during the pandemic.KEY POINTSQuestionIs the coronavirus-related surge in firearm purchasing associated with changes in rates of interpersonal firearm violence?FindingsThis cross-sectional time series study suggests the recent increase in firearm purchases—an estimated 2.1 million excess purchases nationally between March and May 2020—is associated with a statistically significant increase in firearm violence. We estimate an increase of 776 fatal and nonfatal injuries (95% CI: 216 to 1,335) in the US over the number expected for those months had there been no increase in purchasing.MeaningDuring the coronavirus pandemic, an acute increase in firearm access is associated with an increase in firearm violence.

scholarly journals HEART RATE LEVELS IN THE POPULATIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA DURING THE THIRTY-YEAR PERSPECTIVE

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Shalnova ◽  
V. G. Vilkov ◽  
A. V. Kapustina ◽  
A. D. Deev
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Russian Federation

Heart rate (HR) acceleration is one of the risk factors of the number of prevalent chronic non-communicable diseases.Aim. To evaluate changes in mean levels of HR in the Russian Federation (RF) and the United States of America (USA) in different age and sex groups from 1975 to 2014.Material and methods. HR levels in men and women of different age groups were evaluated in the populations of the RF and the USA in 1975-1982 and in 2007-2014 by the secondary analysis of cross-sectional trials data. A total number of cases was 48974.Results. In 80th years of XX century Russian men and women of all age groups had lower HR as compared to the USA, the distinctions were statistically significant in all age groups except for men aged 25-34 years (p<0.0001). During the next 3 decades HR significantly decreased in all groups of the USA population, while the RF population demonstrated variety of HR levels trends in different groups, absolute distinctions in mean values were relatively small and did not exceed 2 beats per minute. At the present time HR levels are less in the RF as compared to the USA in women aged 25-55 years and in men aged 25-34 years; in 55-64-year old men HR is somewhat higher in the RF than in the USA, other groups revealed statistically insignificant distinctions.Conclusion. The USA evidently loosed out to the RF in mean levels of HR in all age groups 35 years earlier. During the next 3 decades situation has been worsened as applied to the RF and distinctions with the USA have been largely smoothed over. 

scholarly journals Perceived Discrimination against Black Americans and White Americans

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence James Zigerell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Black Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Election ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Time Series Study ◽  
United States Today ◽  
Election Studies ◽  
Series Study

A widely-cited study reported evidence that White Americans reported higher ratings of how much Whites are the victims of discrimination in the United States than of how much Blacks are the victims of discrimination in the United States. However, much fewer than half of White Americans rated discrimination against Whites in the United States today to be greater or more frequent than discrimination against Blacks in the United States today, in data from the American National Election Studies 2012 Time Series Study or in preregistered analyses of data from the American National Election Studies 2016 Time Series Study or from a 2017 national nonprobability survey. Given that relative discrimination against Black Americans is a compelling justification for policies to reduce Black disadvantage, results from these three surveys suggest that White Americans’ policy preferences have much potential to move in a direction that disfavors programs intended to reduce Black disadvantage.

Effect of Using Age-Adjusted Suicide Rates on Time-Series Studies of the American Suicide Rate

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-778
Author(s):  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Time Series Study ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Time Series Studies ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
Series Study

Divorce rates were significantly associated with crude suicide rates in a time-series study of the USA from 1950–1985 but not with age-adjusted suicide rates.

State IQ and Elderly Suicide Rates in the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 601-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Voracek
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Total Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Elderly Suicide

Paralleling previous findings with state suicide rates of the total population, the associations of state suicide rates of elderly persons with regional IQ estimates across the USA were inconsistent (positive, negative, or nil), depending on the source of available state IQ estimates used in the analysis. The implications of these findings and directions for further inquiry are discussed.

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